纤维封层抗剪强度的影响因素试验研究

基于斜剪试验,采用正交试验方法研究了纤维用量、沥青用量和碎石覆盖率不同水平对纤维封层抗剪强度的影响.研究表明,所选三因素对抗剪强度都有显著的影响,以抗剪强度作为评价纤维封层粘结性能的指标是可行的.     

Energy efficiency optimization of electric vehicle driven by in-wheel motors

Electric vehicle is considered to be the solution for energy and environment crisis, but it’s still not competitive enough with conventional vehicles because of the limited energy density and high cost of the power battery. So the energy efficiency is of the most importance for the control of electric vehicles. This paper looks into the energy efficiency optimization problem of electric vehicle driven by four in-wheel motors by developing a comprehensive energy efficiency model of the permanent magnet synchronous motor including the inverter. The calculated efficiency agrees with the measured data quite well. Based on the power loss analysis, the conclusion is drawn that in all driving or braking conditions the total torque requirement should be distributed evenly to all the motors in order to maximize the energy efficiency for electric vehicles driven by permanent magnet synchronous in-wheel motors. Vehicle test results show that the energy efficiency of the evenly distributed torque control is higher than the control strategy proposed by control allocation in literature.     

Robust design optimization of suspension system considering steering pull reduction

This paper presents robust design optimization method to reduce steering pull phenomenon. One of the biggest causes of steering pull phenomenon is tolerance of suspension system such as hard point, spring, damper and bush. Therefore, the relationship between suspension systems and steering pull phenomenon has as nonlinear characteristics. But, it can be very difficult to evaluate the analytical design sensitivity. Thus, it is impossible to directly apply a well-developed optimization algorithm based on gradient information. To avoid these difficulty, this study uses sequential approximation optimization process based on a meta-model. The robust design process has 28 random design variables with tolerance. For efficient design process, the sample variances for the design goals are approximated from meta-models. The proposed approach required only 62 evaluations until it converged. Optimal design reduced the drift by 80% and its deviation by 38.7%, respectively. This result proves that the suggested design method of suspension system is effective and useful.     

Objective evaluation of door-closing sound quality based on physiological acoustics

This paper presents a new method to objectively quantify the sound quality of doors closing in premium passenger cars. In previous works, psychoacoustic parameters have been used for objective quantification. However, these parameters do not agree well with subsequent subjective assessments. Therefore, the correlation between the psychoacoustic parameters and the subjective rating of door closing sounds in sampled cars is low, and it is not sufficient to use psychoacoustic parameters as an objective metric to quantify the quality of door-closing sounds. In this paper, a new method is proposed to objectively quantify the sound quality based on physiological acoustics and statistical signal processing. A gammatone filter is used as a pre-processing method in models of the auditory system and kurtosis, which is the fourth-order moment of the temporal signal and is used to extract quantitative information about the quality of door-closing sounds. The new metric obtained from the proposed method is highly correlated to subjective ratings and has been successfully applied to the quantification of door-closing sound quality.     

道路应急抢通多用途箱式模块设计构思与应用探究

针对我国因地震、洪水等自然灾害导致交通运输系统失去保障功能、灾后无法迅速打通救援道路的现状,提出一种道路应急抢通多用途箱式模块的设计构思。该箱式模块以铝合金作为主要用材,外观为标准方形箱,纵向与横向均设置连接构件,通过专用连接系,可拼组成车辙式应急箱梁桥。此外,箱式模块也可根据实际需要搭建简易浮桥、临时用桥墩以及简易水上施工平台。随着对箱式模块结构的进一步深入研究以及相关技术指标的确定,其在道路应急抢通中将具有较好的应用前景。     

碳中和背景下的城市交通发展思路——中国城市交通发展论坛第27次研讨会

为寻找碳中和目标下符合国情的绿色低碳之路,中国城市交通发展论坛2021年第2次(总第27次)研讨会于2021年7月22日在厦门市召开.本次论坛由中国城市交通发展论坛组委会主办、厦门市国土空间和交通研究中心、北京晶众智慧交通科技股份有限公司联合承办,论坛主题为碳中和背景下的城市交通发展思路.会议围绕碳中和背景下北京、上海、深圳、厦门等城市交通发展策略与实践、公共交通系统能耗排放测算、绿色低碳视野下城市交通未来的发展思路与方向等热点问题进行了深入探讨.     

考虑碳排放的混合轴辐式多式联运网络枢纽扩增选址-路径问题

针对现有多式联运网络枢纽饱和度高、枢纽到城市直达运输成本高且效率低等不足,提出采用混合轴辐式多式联运网络研究扩增枢纽选址,同时优化运输线路;基于允许枢纽间转运和需求城市间巡回运输的运输网络,考虑低碳因素构建了最小化总运输成本、二级枢纽开放建设成本、枢纽处转运成本和总碳排放成本的数学模型,将问题分解为选址-分配与路径优化2个阶段,并针对两阶段特点分别采用0-1编码和数字编码设计了两阶段遗传算法;针对现有实际案例采用设计的算法进行求解,并将求得的最优运输方案与现实方案进行对比。研究结果表明:采用提出的算法进行10次运行获得的最优解与其平均值的差值百分比仅为4.7%,且平均求解时间仅为90.6 s;优化后网络扩增了2个枢纽,弃用了1个不合理枢纽,网络转运能力提高了11.3%,枢纽的平均饱和度降低了15.7%,不同枢纽的饱和度比原网络更均衡,不仅缓解了饱和枢纽的压力,还提高了空闲枢纽的周转率,从而提高了转运效率;优化后运输方案对应的总成本、运输成本、中转成本和碳排放成本分别降低了68.41%、68.14%、56.55%和86.76%,且碳排放减少最为突出。由此可见,提出的模型和算法对扩张轴辐式网络选址和混合轴辐式多式联运网络运输方案的组合优化具有较好的性能。      

一种四连杆柔性斗轮技术

针对斗轮堆取料机刚性料斗结构无法与地面接触,导致取料时残余物料多、清场效果差等问题,提出一种新型四连杆柔性斗轮技术,采用伸缩装置与连杆结合,实现斗轮堆取料机料斗的柔性伸缩;伸缩装置布置于料斗后方,可更好地防护伸缩装置在取料过程中的磨损,在减少清场作业量的同时,提高柔性斗轮的使用寿命.     

基于航行数据的船舶油耗优化

以一条丹麦籍客滚轮的实测数据为基础,通过人工神经网络建立案例船的油耗黑箱模型。基于该油耗模型,进一步采用动态规划算法获得规定航线上的最佳航行策略,有效提高案例船的EEOI能效指数,达到减排节能的目标。该项研究所建立的油耗优化系统框架完全以实测航行数据为基础,可以直接应用于不同船只,具有较普遍的适用性,对于SEEMP能效管理计划的实施具有重要意义。     

地震作用下的滑坡稳定性分析

以地震加速度作为反映地震荷载的主要因素,以德昌、米易滑坡为例,基于有限元理论,开展了地震作用下滑坡的动力学分析,运用GEO-SLOPE软件模拟地震对滑坡的影响机制,用QUAKE/W模块分析软件进行求解,研究滑坡稳定性的变化规律。