模拟计算法在重型车辆燃油经济性标准中的应用研究

随着节能减排压力的日益严重,世界各国均开始制定重型车辆的燃油经济性标准。在对重型车燃油经济性的测量方面,模拟计算法由于操作简单、可重复性好、成本低的优点越来越受到行业的重视,在日本、中国和美国的标准中都得到了应用。本文在分析模拟计算法测量车辆燃油经济性的原理基础上,对比研究了日本、中国和美国标准中模拟计算法的应用情况,分析了各国在模拟计算法关键环节上策略的异同。     

Space enterprise strategy guiding-based study on project portfolio management and flow optimization

Project portfolio management (PPM) is the centralized management method, process and technology in multiple projects. When multiple projects in the space industry are implemented, it provides an effective methodology to resolve the problems at the same time such as conflicts among models, decrease in design efficiency, and increase in target deviation. Hence, a PPM dedicated to multiple projects management in space enterprise is presented in this paper. Firstly, an analysis of features and contents in space enterprise portfolio management mode is performed by using PPM based on its specific strategic characteristics. Then, the principle and selection methods of PPM are provided as a reference for the future development of an enterprise. Finally, a multiple-level organization architecture including decision making layers, function management layers and project execution layers is proposed so as to adapt to possible changes in the multiple projects and correspond to the strategic development. As a consequence, a perfect matching mechanism to fit the changes in PPM modes is reached. In addition, the flow chart of PPM is designed and optimized by analyzing the implementation procedure of strategic target and project portfolio life-cycle, which is expected to realize the purpose of improving space enterprise management efficiency, project management capacity, innovation development and economic benefits.     

机器人生产线在船舶智能制造中的应用研究

智能制造是“中国制造2025”的主攻方向。本文先浅谈了智能船厂，并结合国内首个智能船厂试点对智能船厂的初级发展建设等进行初步探索，主要对船舶智能制造机器人生产线应用进行梳理分析，如工艺流程及布置、生产模式改进、提质增效和人员减配等。     

浅谈FAS双中心建设及设备维护

重点分析了西安局集团公司由2K数调主系统组网更新改造为FAS双中心网络的建设方法,并根据日常维护经验,列举了调度台通道故障处理、FASB简易故障判断及计表倒换试验、FASA和FASB系统与MSC之间的业务故障处理等.     

景观道路的设计实践——广阳岛环岛路设计

广阳岛环岛路的主要功能是服务性景观路,跟环岛滨江公园一起,共同构筑广阳岛的滨江景观带。尝试引进了国外的宁静化设计,尽可能推行最生态的工程做法,努力创造人与自然相和谐的环境,并竭尽全力地将这些构想付诸实施。为了实现以上目标,道路、交通、排水、结构、桥梁和电照专业,在景观专业的组织下,共同展开了这条景观路的设计尝试。     

Effect of interference fits on the fatigue lives of bolted composite joints

The effect of interference fits on the fatigue lives of bolted composite joints is investigated by conducting mechanical tests. Static and fatigue tests are carried out on specimens made of carbon-bismaleimide composites joined together as double-lap single-bolt joints. The bolts having interference fits ranging of 0 (neat fit), 0.5%, 0.75% and 1% are performed. The results demonstrate the relationship between fatigue life and different values of interference fits. After the fatigue tests, non-destructive evaluation (NDE) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) are used to observe the damage of the surrender and surface of the hole. The test results show that the interference fitted specimens have improved fatigue life compared to the neat fitted specimen. The NDE and SEM results reveal that the damage degree of interference fitted specimen is weaker than that for the neat fitted one.     

考虑横向漂移的船舶路径跟踪自抗扰控制

针对船舶运动系统中内部动态不确定和外部干扰等问题,进行了欠驱动船舶路径跟踪的自抗扰方法研究。利用Backstepping设计参考航向角,并通过线性扩张状态观测器对流干扰和横向运动引起的横向漂移进行估计。其次,根据自抗扰算法对航向进行控制,采用线性扩张状态观测器对外界干扰及内部不确定项进行估计。最后仿真结果表明,在风流干扰下所设计的控制器仍能使船准确地跟踪上参考路径,验证了所提控制方案的有效性。     

Steering short-term demand for car-sharing: a mode choice and policy impact analysis by trip distance

Transportation - Car-sharing could have substantial benefits. However, there is not enough evidence about if more people choosing car-sharing would reduce private car usage or public transport...     

船舶柴油机调速器有限转角力矩电机优化控制

本文针对新型的船舶柴油机调速器有限转角力矩电机控制系统优化与稳定性问题,在Matlab/Simulink中基于电枢回路方程与力矩方程搭建有限转角力矩电机动态系统模型.通过数据拟合方法构建电机非线性模型,基于线性控制理论对串级PID控制系统进行稳定性分析,最后使用遗传算法对PID参数进行优化设计.研究成果可为该电机用于柴油机电子调速执行机构提供优化及控制参考.     

复合驱动仿生胸鳍机构设计与水动力研究

针对仿鱼型海洋探测机器人低速时的机动性问题,受鹞鲼鱼类依靠胸鳍摆动实现各种水下运动的启发,设计出一种基于共融理论的复合驱动刚-柔多体耦合仿生鱼胸鳍机构。通过构建基于三维非定常湍流控制方程组的柔性鳍摆动系统水动力学模型,研究仿生胸鳍柔性鳍面摆动时周围压力和速度场的变化情况,分析不同摆动幅度和频率下鳍面的水动力学特性,揭示仿生鹞鲼机器鱼的水下运动机理,对摆动胸鳍的水动力进行仿真。结论表明:鳍面摆动时周围的漩涡能够引起胸鳍面上推力、升力及侧向力按类似正弦变化,而推进力和侧向力的大小随摆动幅值和摆动频率增加而增大。