有源电压箝位串联HV IGBT的适用性和优化(二)

介绍了5.2 kV高压绝缘栅双极型晶体管(HV IGBTs)的成功串联应用.穿通型HV IGBT串联应用时要完全控制感应过电压,最大的障碍是拖尾电流的关断问题.可以证明,采用先进的电压箝位技术能够限制因关断拖尾电流而引起的第二个电压尖峰.阳极采用载流子寿命局部分布的IGBT很适合这种应用;拖尾电流间隔时间越短,关断损耗越小.文中集中讨论了穿通型HV IGBT器件串联时的最佳通态等离子体分布,HV IGBT的最新发展趋势似乎与讨论结论相一致.未来先进的HV IGBT技术可完全减轻第一代HV IGBT串联时的困难.     

An economic assessment of the impacts of the MOSE barriers on Venice port activities

To protect Venice from flooding, a number of protective measures have been adopted, including a system of mobile barriers known as MOSE. These separate the lagoon from the surges in the Adriatic Sea but interfere with shipping and on port activities. We estimate direct costs on ship traffic resulting from the use of MOSE, i.e., the additional costs of longer waiting time when passing through the Venice Lagoon. Our estimate uses inputs from a hydrodynamic model applied to the ship traffic between 2000 and 2002 and indicate that these costs range from €347,943 to €1.3 million a year, depending on the hypotheses adopted.     

Range Extender Module Transmission Topology Study

Range extender modules are one option to compensate for short drive ranges of electric vehicles. The close interaction of combustion engine and generator poses new challenges in development. A key requirement for range extender systems is to be light and virtually imperceptible in operation. High-speed electrical machines aim at increasing power density. However, their introduction in a range extender requires a gearbox. The combustion engine torque fluctuations can lead to rattle in the gearbox. The rattle can be overcome by a dual mass flywheel. An interdisciplinary model is developed and used to analyse three different range extender systems: one with a low speed generator without gearbox, one with a high-speed generator, and one with a high-speed generator and a dual mass flywheel. The efficiency was found to be higher for the system with a low speed generator, whereas the power density and the costs are beneficial for the high-speed concept. A dual mass flywheel eliminates the changes of torque direction in the gearbox. It reduces the speed fluctuations of the gearbox and generator by over 90 % compared to the low speed setup. But it increases rolling moment and subsequently chassis excitation compared to a setup with only a gearbox.     

微型实验室

对制药公司来说，重组细胞药物靶点的表达和纯化是一项很有挑战性的任务。由于此药物涉及范围广及其高流通量，焦点通常集中在核心设备上。为了筛选靶点，需要大量的高纯度蛋白质，以便在药物发现期间，可进行功能分析或者利用结晶学进行结构研究。与生物制药学一样，蛋白质变得越来越重要，对其需求也越来越多。     

糖基化模式

一些生物技术产品，比如促红细胞生成素和单克隆抗体（mAbs）等，可以发生糖基化作用，这一性质显著影响了它们在体内的安全性和治疗效果。这些治疗用糖蛋白发生糖基化作用后生成多糖，从而影响了它们的生物活性和稳定性，这也是造成生物技术产品生产过程中出现批次差异的主要因素。     

汽车油漆的集成工艺

1“集成工艺”的开发 （1）经济性 a．降低工艺成本。 b．提高工艺效率。 c．缩短涂装工艺链。 （2）生态性 a．减少涂料VOC的排放。 b．减少废气的排放。 c．减少CO，排放。     

驾驶辅助系统(DAS):多种传感器数据的融合

最新的驾驶辅助系统(DAS)技术通过传感器数据融合,把来自不同信息源的传感器数据结合起来,形成更全面的有关道路状况的报告,从而让车辆和道路更安全。     

Berechnung des extremen Lenk- und Bremsverhaltens von Sattelkraftfahrzeugen

Simulation of Steering and Braking Behaviour of Tractor-Semitrailer Vehicles in Extreme Situations

This paper deals with the simulation of the behaviour of tractor-semitrailer vehicles at braking on wet, slippery road surface. The nonlinear model used for the computation enables to simulate extreme situations at wheel locking and swerving

The instabilities during braking such as jackknifing and trailer swing as well as non steerability are investigated. Straightline braking shows the influence of cornering on the behaviour during braking in a turn.