如何加强卫星遥感监视海面溢油工作

介绍了国内外利用卫星遥感监视海面溢油的形势、我国开展卫星遥感监视海面溢油的现状以及目前我国开展该项工作存在的问题,从实际出发提出加强该项工作的几点建议。     

基于MPXY8020传感器的TPMS系统设计分析

简述了直接式TPMS系统原理,以基于MPXY8020传感器的TPMS系统设计方案为例,详细介绍了该类TPMS系统的软硬件设计方法,并结合产品化的实际应用,对直接式TPMS系统设计中存在的难点作简要分析。     

烟大铁路轮渡及其渡船的结构与性能

铁路轮渡是沿河(海)岸线或跨海的长距离"水(海)铁路"运输,在海岸线长、沿海水域辽阔的国家,利用"海上铁路"轮渡开展跨海、跨国的国际联运。烟大铁路轮渡项目集铁路、港口、海上安监、渡船四项工程于一体,是具有多专业技术的系统工程。通过国内外广泛调查研究,其操作性能为安全航行提供可靠保障。烟大铁路轮渡完善了路网结构,开辟了东北地区到山东省及东部沿海地区的最短径路,形成一条新的铁路入关通道。     

人工神经网络在基坑变形性状研究中的应用

基坑工程不仅要保证维护结构本身的安全,而且要保证周围建(构)筑物的安全和正常使用。开展基坑工程变形性状研究具有重要意义。影响基坑变形的因素很复杂,传统的计算方法已无法准确预测基坑的变形。人工神经网络(ANN)有很强的解决非线性问题的能力。近些年来基于ANN的方法在岩土工程中得到了广泛的应用。本文对ANN在基坑工程中的应用研究进行了综述,并对其发展方向进行了分析。     

施工图设计-施工总承包模式在铁路建设中的应用研究

工程总承包是目前国际上流行的项目管理模式。铁路建设推行施工图设计-施工总承包模式,实现业主与总承包商签订施工图设计和施工合同,施工图设计和施工同时进行,统筹安排和优化,总体控制项目造价。推进铁路建设施工图设计-施工总承包模式,国家及铁道部应建立和完善有关的法律法规与规章,借鉴国内外经验,使工程总承包模式更加规范化、标准化、多样化。     

新建铁路路基改良土动力学试验研究

针对新建铁路基床底层填筑中黏土是否需要进行改良以及改良深度的问题,采用现场动载激振试验的研究方法,对基床底层未改良、部分改良、全部改良的基床结构进行动应力、动变形、塑性变形等项目的测试。通过对不同基床底层结构形式的动载模拟试验研究和测试结果的对比分析,得出路基的弹塑性变形、动刚度随激振次数的变化趋势。     

Maritime liner shipping and the stevedoring industry: market structure and competition strategies

Globalization, liberalization, competition and spatial interaction are significant factors affecting the transformation of manufacturing industries worldwide. In the transportation and logistics industry, however, cooperation is becoming even more critical than competition in determining firms' efficiency. Cooperation has always characterized the liner sector in which strategic alliances, mergers and acquisitions have generated twin effects: notable increases in ship size and falls in freight rates. Meanwhile, the stevedoring industry is undergoing privatization-driven consolidation and the emergence of global pure terminal operators. This article focuses on vertical integration between global carriers and terminal operators. We address the following key current issues:

• dedicated terminals as a strategy for cutting costs and controlling integrated transport chains;
• the struggle for supply chain control, involving global carriers versus global terminal operators, driven by financial power and technical and managerial capability.

We close analysing one of the core problems of the market, namely the evolving role of the dedicated terminals. For the pure stevedores they represent an opportunity to secure a cargo, while in the hands of the liners they enable cost stability and the possibility to put pressure on pure terminal operators.     

铁路地理信息系统研究

铁路地理信息系统是一个利用计算机网络技术,采用分布式数据库系统建立的专业化管理与决策空间信息系统,支持管理和科技人员快速查询全国铁路资源及铁路沿线环境状况,实现政务办公、综合分析、战略决策、信息管理等方面自动化,以及防治铁路灾害决策科学化。本文从我国铁路地理信息系统的需求分析入手,探讨全国铁路地理信息系统的总体设计。     

Development of Green-Naghdi models with a wave-absorbing beach for nonlinear, irregular wave propagation

Two-dimensional and three-dimensional Green-Naghdi (GN) models equipped with a numerical wave-absorbing beach have been developed to simulate nonlinear, regular, and irregular wave propagation. The numerical beach is introduced near the downstream boundary to absorb outgoing waves. An appropriate amount of numerical damping and an appropriate length of numerical beach are investigated using numerical experiments. The results show that the GN models with a numerical beach work very well in simulating wave propagation in water in a small computational domain.     

The role of professional associations in shipping

This article is in three parts. The first covers the historical development of qualifying associations. The second covers the particular role of maritime institutions that include The Royal Institution of Naval Architects, The Institute of Marine Engineering Science and Technology and The Nautical Institute. The third and final section considers the future for maritime professional associations in the context of international shipping.