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11.
J. Edward Anderson 《先进运输杂志》1987,21(1):81-84
The choice of fare policy is more flexible in personal rapid transit than in conventional transit and has some unique aspects. The implementation of fare policies as a function of distance are discussed, and, following a discussion of how the fare would be collected in a PRT system, consideration is given to whether the fare should be per person or per vehicle. 相似文献
12.
Edward Saibel Professor of Applied Mechanics M.C.C. Tsao Project Engineer 《Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility》1972,1(2):89-122
A vehicle model, with 10 degrees of freedom is used to investigate the skidding conditions of any wheel of the vehicle in motion. Equations for the load transfer and equations for the pneumatic tire spring and shock absorber are derived. Parameters such as gradual cornering, U-curve cornering, the wavy road surface of different wave lengths and cases of independent and connected suspension systems are inputs to the system. The tire calculated forces and their corresponding maximum resistance forces are the outputs of the systems. A connected suspension system is found to resist skidding better than the independent suspension system. The system is non-linear, and numerical solutions are obtained. 相似文献
13.
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钟鸣 《交通运输系统工程与信息》2007,7(1):79-91
加拿大阿尔伯塔省经济的飞速发展,使得为全省制定合理的交通规划成为一项迫切的任务,在这种情况下,本文提出了全省的土地利用交通模型。该模型以PECAS(生产、交易和消费分派系统)结构为基础,实质是在整体经济的前提下考虑基本的交通需求(商品、服务、劳动力交换的流通过程)而进行交通规划。生产、交易和消费分派系统是一种空间经济模拟系统,它侧重交通规划和发展规划,近几年在美国提出并在一些州和城市得到应用。阿尔伯塔省土地利用交通模型受其模型建立基础,尤其是MEPLAN 和TRANUS模型的影响,但该模型在理论基础和行为描述上都做了明显的改进。本文从数据源和标定方法方面介绍加拿大阿尔伯塔省的土地利用交通模型的建立和发展。 相似文献
14.
Edward W. Walbridge 《运输规划与技术》2013,36(4):221-231
An information system is presented which identifies the transportation technologies suited to any one transportation need situation lying in a broad range of such situations. The system is concerned with people movement rather than goods movement. The user of the system specifies the nature and extent of demand, as well as certain service requirements. A transportation technology is identified as suited to a particular need situation when the technology meets the demand and the service requirements, and does so at reasonable cost. The technologies identified by the system as suited to a need situation must be examined to select the one best alternative. This final selection process is not part of the system. This system consists of two tables. Their use is described and examples are given. The procedure used to develop the tables is discussed. The system identifies new transportation technologies (PRT, AGT, etc.) as well as old. 相似文献
15.
It has been over fifteen years since the Morgantown PRT system went into passenger service. Its start was marked by cost overruns, high operating costs and poor reliability. However over time, these initial problems and difficulties have been overcome, and today the system provides an extremely important and reliable service that links downtown Morgantown with three campuses of West Virginia University. It is still running. This paper provides background on the development of the system and current operating characteristics of this famous transit demonstration project. 相似文献
16.
Roger B. Trent Alon Kvashny Edward S. Neumann Elizabeth Walukas John Halkias 《先进运输杂志》1986,20(3):275-285
Research literature suggests that aesthetic response toward a transportation system may be colored by non-aesthetic values. Photographic depictions of downtown street scenes with and without automated people mover guideways were shown to various community groups. Measures of external utilities—stakes in the local community and in public transportation—bore no relationship to aesthetic assessments of either guideway scenes or street scenes without a guideway. In contrast, aesthetic background and interests depressed evaluations of both guideway and non-guideway scenes. Aesthetic background evidently influences aesthetic assessments of elevated guideways in urban streets far more than do non-aesthetic utilities. This suggests that planners of new transportation systems need to address aesthetic impacts apart from other impacts and that aesthetic criteria will be applied more stringently by some community groups than by others. 相似文献
17.
J. Edward Anderson 《先进运输杂志》1988,22(2):108-132
A comparison of the energy use per passenger-mile of eight modes of urban transportation is made in terms of eleven variables, resulting in conclusions about the direction transit system design should take to provide adequate transportation with minimum energy use. The method can easily be programmed on a personal computer to be used to study the effects of parameter variations on energy use. 相似文献
18.
The twin forces of rising affluence and population are altering coastal communities around the world. High amenity, environmentally sensitive areas—particularly attractive, non-metropolitan coastal environments—are witnessing a tidal wave of in migration from former urbanites. As a result, these communities are struggling to accommodate growing numbers of people with urban tastes and rural dreams in areas with governance structures and physical infrastructure designed for occasional tourists. This article looks at how governance frameworks in coastal Australia respond to the profound environmental, social, and cultural implications of this process. We offer a typology of non-metropolitan coastal growth settings—from exurban contexts to isolated coastal hamlets—and identify the main environmental, social, economic, and governance issues they face. We then outline the policy and legislative framework governing coastal areas in Australia and show how this framework is interpreted at the local level through an analysis of five local plans covering different coastal settings. 相似文献
19.
Abstract The paper examines the applicability of First World CZM policy for the Third World by focusing on Ecuador's shrimp mariculture, an industry whose explosive growth has reshaped the coastal zone and generated problems threatening loss of the resource base itself. This has led to recognized need for CZM and movement by development agencies to transfer the CZ policies of developed countries. Against this background, the analysis explores local concepts of investment and conservation, the role of government and law, and the influence of the social economy on mariculture development. It illuminates how local use and management of coastal resources is inseparable from specifically Ecuadorean cultural concepts, institutions, and practices. This places in relief the salient differences between management in the First and Third Worlds, illuminating how coastal zone management must not only be internally consistent, but cognizant of and integrated into the prevailing social, economic, and political conditions. 相似文献
20.
J. Edward Anderson 《先进运输杂志》1998,32(1):57-74
The problem of precise longitudinal control of vehicles so that they follow predetermined time-varying speeds and positions has been solved. To control vehicles to the required close headway of at least 0.5 sec, the control philosophy is different from but no less rigorous than that of railroad practice. The preferred control strategy is one that could be called an “asynchronous point follower.” Such a strategy requires no clock synchronization, is flexible in all unusual conditions, permits the maximum possible throughput, requires a minimum of maneuvering and uses a minimum of software. Since wayside zone controllers have in their memory exactly the same maneuver equations as the on-board computers, accurate safety monitoring is practical. The paper discusses the functions of vehicle control; the control of station, merge, and diverge zones; and central control. 相似文献