新开发的轮对设计方法

轮对设计在车轮磨耗方面正面临着严格的新规范 ,以降低外形车削的要求 ,并减轻质量 ,以减少对轨道的侵蚀 ,且在可靠性、运行安全性和寿命周期成本都没有不利影响的情况下 ,实现所有要求。与此同时 ,由于车辆有既在小半径曲线 ,又在高速线路上运行的趋向 ,在普通线路上提高了运行速度 ,以及由于低级维护而使线路质量和车辆质量有所降低 ,所以轮对的运行作用正在变化。为此 ,开发了一整套程序 ,以便为高速列车设计振动小、噪声低、寿命周期成本最佳的轮对 ,也为城市轨道车辆设计新型的使用铝制轮毂、钢制车轴和轮辋的轻型混合车轮。该程序以采…     

基于自适应STFT的货车滚动轴承故障诊断

带故障的铁路货车滚动轴承振动信号表现为低频平稳信号与高频的周期性冲击信号的叠加。采用以三阶B样条函数作为窗函数的自适应短时傅立叶变换(STFT)对货车滚动轴承振动信号进行时频分析和故障信息提取。与传统的固定带宽的STFT相比,自适应STFT在不同频段自适应选取窗长,大大提高了振动信号的时频分辨率。应用该方法对197726型货车滚动轴承在内圈剥离、外圈剥离两种故障状态下的振动信号做了分析,求得故障频率分别为61.32 Hz和46.36 Hz,与内外圈的理论故障频率相符,可以有效地诊断出铁路货车滚动轴承内外圈故障。     

采用新技术,减少轮轨磨耗

印度铁路部门正在对一种旨在减少轮轨磨耗的新技术进行研究 ,这种所谓的“能量抑制”技术 ,可能为解决径向转向架设计有关问题提供了另一种途径     

韩国HSR 350x型高速动车组的开发

韩国在引进法国TGV之后于2004年4月1日启动了韩国特快列车(KTX)的运营,从此韩国便开始步入了高速铁路时代,这被称为"内陆运输革命".此外,韩国通过名为"高速铁路技术开发"的国家研发项目,自主研制出350型高速试验动车组(HSR 350x),在2003年9月汉城至釜山高速试验线上运行时,其运行速度超过了300 km/h.HSR 350x作为最佳技术成果载入韩国铁路史.HSR 350x是韩国工程技术人员研制的,从概念设计到在线试验共用了6年的时间.按既定目标该动车组投入Honam高速线的商业运营以及在先期的运行中确定其与地面设施的兼容性.这样,韩国能充分利用自己的技术设计高速铁路、开发主要设备和生产动车组.也就是说,韩国通过修建汉城至釜山的高速铁路线,能进一步掌握高速铁路的建造、管理与维护技术.这一巨大成果将使韩国成为世界上拥有最佳高速铁路技术水平的国家之一.详细介绍了HSR 350x型高速动车组及其主要核心设备的开发.     

感应电动机低速运行时带磁通补偿的直接转矩控制

直接转矩控制的感应电动机的速度控制需要有效地建立定子磁通.但当电动机运行在低速区时就很困难,因为定子电阻上的压降与输入定子电压近似,不可忽略.由此,提出了一种简单而有效的方法来补偿定子电阻上的压降,从而构建定子磁通时无需像大多数专家那样需要确定定子电阻.这样就通过有效的定子磁通补偿建立了电动机转矩,使得直接转矩控制在感应电动机的低速区也同样适用.     

先进道旁车辆状态监视系统的开发和应用

在过去的5年里,北美铁路协会（AAR）的分支机构运输技术中心公司（TTCI）,一直在开发改进道旁状态监视系统。尤其是开发转向架曲线通过性能和车轴滚动轴承缺陷的监测系统。目前,这2种检测系统正在进行应用测试。     

电力机车和电动车组自动过分相方案的发展方向

随着电力机车向高速发展、车内微机控制的普遍采用和完善,原有的3种自动过分相方案中,车上自动控制断电方案将是今后的发展方向。秦沈客运专线所采用的过分相预告信号及埋点方式仍是当前高速区段自动过分相的主流模式。     

高速铁路车辆车轴的疲劳设计方法

从19世纪早期铁路运营开始,车轴的疲劳设计就是工程设计人员在材料的疲劳研究方面的一个难点。为了保证高速铁路系统的安全,一些杰出的研究人员进行了大量的投资和试验,并且在材料、制造、热处理和设计方法等方面取得了很大进步。比较欧洲和日本在高速铁路车辆车轴疲劳设计上的原理,认为在新干线车辆和TGV,ICE之间存在一些区别。疲劳强度的危险部位主要是容易受到磨损和疲劳损伤的压装配合部位,如轮座、齿轮座和制动盘座等部位。在欧洲,车轴压装部位采用大直径使危险部位平滑;在日本采用高频硬化的方法提高压装部位的疲劳强度,同时在车轴的压装部位附近设置了应力释放槽。多年来,新干线的车轴经过磁粉探伤没有发现疲劳磨损裂纹,这表明高速铁路车轴的安全性多年的改进是成功的。     

The Methodology Research on the Test and Evaluation of Static Stiffness of Elastic Pads in Elastic Separated FastenerEI北大核心

Research purposes: In order to explore the reasonable test and evaluation methods of the static stiffness of the elastic pads in elastic separated fastener, the influences of various factors on the static stiffness of the elastic pads were tested and analyzed by single factor test, a reasonable static stiffness test plan for the elastic pads was proposed. Besides, the evaluation suggestions for static stiffness of rail pad and baseplate pad were analyzed in terms of the installation state of the elastic separated fastener. Research conclusions:(1) The test of the static stiffness of elastic pad should include two stages: preloading stage and formal loading stage. Firstly, the elastic pad shall be preloaded with no less than 2 times at a loading rate of 3-5 kN/s, and the preloaded maximum load shall be at least 10 kN higher than the static stiffness test load range of the elastic pad. Then, formal loading is supposed to be carried out at least 3 times with a loading rate of 1~2 kN/s, and at both ends of the load range the load should be maintained for 90 s, which could be shortened to 60 s in special case when the load is less than 100 kN. Finally, the static stiffness of the elastic pad is calculated by the average value of the three test results. (2) The evaluation methods of static stiffness of rail pad and baseplate pad are dissimilar. The static stiffness of the rail pad could be evaluated by the secant stiffness in the range of 20~70 kN, while the evaluation of static stiffness of baseplate pad should be processed in terms of the reasonable static stiffness test load range of baseplate pad determined by the installation torque of anchored bolt. (3) This research results can be applied in the test and evaluation of static stiffness of rail pad and baseplate pad in elastic separated fastener. © 2018, Editorial Department of Journal of Railway Engineering Society. All right reserved.     

Test Analysis of the Vibration Response of Trough Girder Bridge in the Small Radius CurveEI北大核心

Research purposes: The bridge in circinate line of Hefei Railway Hub was built in the curve with radius of 300 m. In order to reduce structural height of the bridge across the Huainan railway, the single-line simple trough girder bridge with 32 m span was applied. The lateral vibration of the vehicle and bridge is intensified under the action of centrifugal force, and the torsion effect is obvious when the train running on the bridge in the small radius curve. On the other hand, the torsional rigidity of the trough girder with open section is lower than that of the closed box girder. Moreover, the wheel lateral force and the derailment coefficient is increased, and the reduction rate of wheel load is also increased owing to centrifugal force caused by unbalanced superelevation. In order to ensure the safe and smooth operation of the train and reveal the dynamic performance of the trough girder bridge in the small radius curve, the vibration response of the single-line trough girder bridge is tested and analyzed. Research conclusions:(1) The measured vertical and horizontal fundamental frequencies of the trough girder bridge are obviously larger than the vertical self-vibration frequency limit given by the relevant specification and the normal value of the measured transverse minimum natural vibration frequency. The lateral stiffness of the bridge is mainly controlled by its foundation stiffness. (2) The stiffness of the bridge can meet the requirements of C62 freight train safe running on the trough girder bridge in the curve with radius of 300 m at a speed of not more than 40 km/h. (3) The transverse vibration response of the bridge consists of the transverse static response of the structure caused by the centrifugal force and the lateral dynamic response caused by the coupling vibration of the vehicle-bridge system. (4) The research results can be referenced in the design of the railway bridge in the curve and coupled vibration analysis of trains and bridge in the small radius curve. © 2018, Editorial Department of Journal of Railway Engineering Society. All right reserved.