结构分割转换工法在地下空间开发中的应用及设想

为了更加快速、安全、高效地完成城市地下空间开发,以结构分割转换工法（CC工法）为研究内容,从工法内涵、工程实践和应用推广3个角度展开研究。首先,基于ＣＣ工法的最新研究成果,从结构分割、建造方案及节点处理3个方面详细介绍CC工法的核心内容;然后,结合工程实践对该工法进行验证性研究,重点比较跨中设缝与柱顶设缝方案的优缺点,介绍该工程地下结构分割、转换的过程,最终证实CC工法建造地下空间的合理性、灵活性及适用性;最后,进行CC工法在富水地层中应用的可行性研究,通过对CC工法与明挖法、暗挖法、型钢混凝土、地面预制装配式结构等技术进行结合应用研究,得出在特定的工程条件下,CC工法也具有与其他先进工法结合应用的价值。     

高埋深软硬岩互层地质条件下敞开式TBM岩爆段施工方法研究

基于喜马拉雅山区域某软硬岩性互层地质条件下的深埋隧洞工程,为解决该区域TBM施工过程中的岩爆问题,统计分析了TBM施工过程中的岩爆特征;在施工过程中开展了多种岩爆规避试验,形成了一套较完整的有针对性的施工方法： 1）岩爆风险巡查常态化; 2）超前地质预报和超前处理措施相结合; 3）支护材料和支护方式合理化; 4）掘进参数动态调整。在后续的施工中加以应用,取得了较好的效果,可以为类似地质条件下的安全施工提供参考。     

大型地下空间的结构分割转换工法研究

为解决当下地下空间开发难题,依托中铁工程装备集团地下停车场项目,提出建造大型地下空间的结构分割转换工法（CC工法）,并成功应用。文章从传统各工法的特点出发,阐述CC工法的设想。基于工程实践过程,首先,从地下结构的分割与转换2个角度,重点介绍大型地下空间的形成过程、型钢和钢筋混凝土组合结构管节、节点处理措施等创新内容; 然后,针对B类节点的处理措施、整体背土现象等工程问题进行解决与优化; 最后,探讨该工法拓展应用的可能性,分别介绍多层、曲线、长距离、装配式结构大型地下空间的初步方案。CC工法的成功研发,旨在为城市大型地下空间开发提供一套新的解决思路。     

基于ABAQUS显式CEL方法的球体入水数值研究

文章针对球体入水过程,采用显式动力学CEL(Coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian analysis)方法,对球体入水空泡的演化、发展过程进行了模拟。CEL方法在入水、特别是低速入水模拟过程中,由于无约束自由面边界的影响,需对水介质的体积模量进行修正,进而通过与球体入水实验入水弹道数据的对比,表明CEL方法在流固耦合数值求解中的有效性。最后,提出了显式动力学数值求解入水冲击载荷在采样频率、欧拉-拉格朗日接触的网格离散,以及整体网格离散精度控制方面应遵循的基本原则。     

Foldable container in empty container repositioning in intermodal transportation network of Belt and Road Initiative: strengths and limitations

In 2013, the concept of the ‘Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road (Belt and Road)’ was initiated by the Chinese government, which involves Asian, European and African continents and their adjacent seas. Logistics plays a core role in such a large framework of economy and trade. In recent years, China, European Union, and Southeast Asia pay much attention to the design and development of the intermodal transportation network towards both economic and environmental efficiency. In this paper, we propose an empty container repositioning model in the intermodal transportation network of Belt and Road (B&R) Initiative by considering both standard and foldable containers. In this model, empty containers are repositioned from the inland of the original area, such as China, to other areas of B&R Initiative related countries and regions, such as European Union and Southeast Asia. We develop a mixed integer linear programming model to determine the optimal repositioning of empty containers via the intermodal transportation network. An Artificial Bee Colony algorithm is developed to solve large size problems in practice and numerical experiments are conducted to show the efficiency of our proposed algorithm. We provide managerial insights regarding the impact on the network performance of foldable containers transportation.     

Disaster prevention and strategic investment for multiple ports in a region: cooperation or not

With the growth of maritime transportation, seaports have become critical to the world economy as linking nodes between shipping and inland transport. However, the port system is fragile under certain unconventional emergency events. This study addresses the issue of investment on disaster prevention within the port competition context. The present model discusses and compares four situations of different relationships and strategies of pre-disaster prevention between two adjacent ports. Results indicate that both ports increase the disaster prevention investment under the cooperation scenario compared with that in the case of non-cooperation wherein they are complementary ports. Meanwhile, a numerical simulation is conducted to examine the collective and individual rationality of both ports. Although cooperation strategy decreases the total risk cost of two ports, one of the two ports may profit, whereas the other may suffer losses.     

不同冷却方式对大尺寸钢板感应加热成形的影响

为有效解决船用中厚钢板复杂曲面加工问题,研究空气冷却(空冷)、正面水冷和反面水冷方式对大尺寸钢板弯曲成形的影响因素。首先采用COMSOL Multiphysics仿真平台模拟电磁感应加热和冷却变形多物理场同步耦合过程,然后分析各种因素对大尺寸钢板弯曲成形的影响,最后通过试验验证有限元模型的可靠性,并对感应加热弯曲成形效果进行评估。结果表明:相对于水冷,空气冷却对钢板Y向位移改变效果显著;相对于空气冷却,水冷对钢板角位移的改变影响明显;当频率为50 k Hz时,电流频率对表面温度和角位移影响显著;当钢板长宽比不小于1∶2时,Y向位移的增加比较显著;当长宽比约为1∶1时,角位移的改变比较明显。     

斜拉索-磁流变阻尼器多性能约束下的减振控制算法

提出一种极点和方差指标约束下的斜拉索-磁流变减振控制算法。基于Halmiton原理与切比雪夫级数求解方法建立斜拉索-阻尼器减振控制系统状态空间方程。以极点表达减振控制快速性和稳定性约束,以方差表达小振幅和振速约束,基于凸优化理论,给出满足相容快速性、稳定性、小振幅以及振速指标约束下的磁流变半主动减振控制算法。最后,以某斜拉桥C20号斜拉索为例进行仿真验证。结果表明,给出的减振控制算法能保证斜拉索在随机外界激励下的快速性稳定性,且有效抑制拉索的振幅,减振效果良好。     

Effect of Seismic Parameters on the Safety Factor for an Underground Cavern北大核心CSCD

In order to quantitatively evaluate the safety of the surrounding rock of an underground cavern under seis-mic load, a comprehensive evaluation method for the stability of surrounding rock is proposed based on the general safety factor and point safety factor. A calculation method for the general safety factor of a cavern based on the prin-ciple of shear strength reduction of a rock mass is given, the run-through of the plastic zone between the main power-house and main transformer room is presented as a critical criterion for the overall instability of the cavern, and the general safety factor is obtained by searching for the reduction coefficient. A point safety factor calculation method based on the Mohr-Coulomb yield criterion is given. The influence of different seismic input parameters on the general safety factor of the cavern and the point safety factor of key positions are studied based on an underground power-house cavern of a hydropower station in Southwest China. The results show that the quantitative evaluation method for the stability of the surrounding rock based on the safety factor is feasible and can reflect the general safety de-gree and local safety degree of different positions of the cavern for different working conditions. It is found that the general safety factor of the cavern and the point safety factor of key positions decrease with an increase of the ampli-tude and duration of a seismic wave while they increase with an increase of the incident angle; additionally, the low frequency of a seismic wave has a great influence on the cavern while the high frequency has little effect. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

飞行汽车对当代交通运输体系的影响分析与规划展望

本文对飞行汽车这一新型交通运输工具进行了特征分析与发展预测,指出飞行汽车的推广将对当代交通运输体系产生重大影响。现有交通运输体系不能满足飞行汽车的运管,从而提出空中高速路这一交通行业未来发展方向。最后从发展的目标,投资力度、技术引进、个性化服务等四个方面对下一代交通运输体系建设提出规划与展望。