变速器换挡异响原因分析

某公司轻型载货汽车在山路试验阶段,变速器2挡增3挡或4挡减3挡时均有异响。对变速器进行拆解,通过对变速器内磨损零件和断裂零件进行宏观和微观分析,结果表明变速器由于机构运行不稳,在回转性侧向推力作用下,造成卡簧先于止推垫片疲劳断裂,使3挡齿轮和同步器之间间隙变大,服役过程中同步器内锥发生窜动和外锥发生磨损,内锥凸块完全失效,摩擦力不足导致挂挡困难,出现异响。     

Influence of load and inflation pressure on the tyre rolling resistance

Tyre load and inflation pressure are important factors controlling rolling resistance of road vehicles. The article presents results obtained in the Technical University of Gdańsk during laboratory and road measurements of different car tyres rolling on different pavements. The knowledge of rolling resistance characteristics is important for modelling car dynamics as well as fuel consumption. It is also necessary to establish proper test conditions in the future standardized on-road method of measuring rolling resistance. The results indicate that while an increase of load always leads to the increase of rolling resistance force, the influence on Coefficient of Rolling Resistance is more complicated and unpredictable. They also indicate that tyres with high rolling resistance are more sensitive to inflation pressure changes than low rolling resistance tyres.     

动力电池包热管理设计与优化分析

针对动力电池包热管理中系统温度不均匀的问题,本文以某款液体循环冷暖一体化热控方式的电池包为研究对象,通过Ansys-fluent对其液冷回路进压降仿真,并优化液冷回路,最后通过实验验证优化前后系统的散热/加热性能,得出流量均匀性越好在液冷和液热时,电池包内电芯间的温差越小,散热以及加热效率更高。为后续热管理设计可将流道的设计作为重点考察对象进行优化。     

关于车辆电控悬架系统的研究

文章就电子控制悬架系统作了相关研究,介绍了电子控制悬架系统的功能和类型,分析了其基本工作原理,着重对以现代控制理论为核心的电控悬架系统的控制方法作了论述。     

铁路路基道碴囊及路基空洞注浆加固治理

对既有铁路软弱桥头、路基碴囊及路基空洞采用注浆加固,可使路基承载力显著提高,且施工不要点、不封闭、不缓行,提高了铁路的综合效益。注浆加固是整治类似病害而不影响运营的一种较好方法。     

Approach to functional safety-compliant ECU design for electro-mechanical brake systems

In this paper, we propose a design approach to a functional safety-compliant ECU for an electro-mechanical brake (EMB) control system or an electronic wedge brake (EWB) control system. Brake actuators in a brake-by-wire (BBW) system such as EMB or EWB are characterized by the safety-critical functions which are now executed by using many electric and electronic devices with application software. Based on hazard analysis and risk assessments of the automotive functional safety standard ISO 26262, the proposed EMB control system should be ASIL-D-compliant, which is the highest ASIL level. To this end, a hardware and a software design method is introduced to implement functionl safety-oriented monitoring functions which are based on an asymmetric dual-core architecture with an external watchdog processor. It is shown by using EMB hardware-In-the-Loop-Simulation (HILS) that the proposed ECU design approach is very effective when a hardware fault or software execution faults occur in the EMB ECU, moreover, this functional safety-compliant design can be well combiled with the sensor fault-tolerant control logic.     

Durability prediction for automobile aluminum front subframe using nonlinear models in virtual test simulations

This research work presents fatigue life evaluation techniques for an automotive vehicle aluminum front subframe using virtual test simulation technology with nonlinear suspension components model. The technology was used for improving the accuracy of the polynomial model used in conventional analysis. The proposed nonlinear suspension components models were developed using direct approach. The effects of the nonlinear elements on the prediction of the fatigue life were also analyzed. Actual aluminum front subframe was tested using half-car road test simulator to verify the accuracy of the models. It was found that the proposed nonlinear models yield more accurate results than conventional polynomial models. The proposed virtual test simulation technology with nonlinear suspension components model can be used to predict fatigue life for vehicle chassis structures more accurately.     

Comparison study on characteristics of nano-sized particle number distribution by using condensation particle counter calibrated with spray and soot type particle generation methods

In the year 2011, the Particle Measurement Program (PMP) in Europe started the regulation of the diesel vehicle’s nano-sized particle number density (PN) due to its high degree of harm to the human body. Concretely, the standard level of PN emission was introduced in the Euro 5+ and 6 emissions regulation with a limit (<6.0 × 10¹¹#/km) for diesel light-duty vehicle. Therefore, the determination of suitable and sophisticated instruments for reliable particle sampling and analysis was essential in taking exact experimental data. Now, among the PN emission measuring devices suggested by the PMP, condensation particle counter (CPC) is a key equipment for measuring the particle number density in real time and it has been used extensively. However, CPC can cause different results depending on operating conditions of the saturator and condensation that induce different rates of particle growth. This study was conducted to analyze the effect of CPC calibrated by a two-particle generator with spray and soot type methods applied on the nano-sized particle distribution’s parameters such as number concentration and linearity. Also, in order to ensure the reliability for particle sensor system named as PPS, which had emerged as a useful diagnostic to making spatially and temporally resolved quantitative measurements of diesel PN concentration, it was compared with calibrated CPC system. As a result, nano-sized particle measuring system with CPC calibrated by spray type particle generator had a much higher counting efficiency, indicating a larger nano size available than soot type particle generator. And, comparative experimental results on the correlation between the particle number of CPC to a reflectance PPS system showed that above 5,000 #/cm ³ in number concentrations measured by CPC as well as PPS were found to be similar with good linear relationship.     

高速公路车辆防追尾碰撞系统的设计与控制研究

针对汽车追尾碰撞事故频发和事故中驾乘人员头颈部易受损伤等问题,利用激光雷达测距和机电控制相结合的技术,提出了一种车辆防追尾碰撞系统,对高位制动灯和主动式头枕进行控制。首先利用激光雷达和本车状态信息对行车环境进行预测;接着对后车分液压和气压两种制动形式进行行车安全车距的分析,推导出临界安全车距的计算公式;最后通过AT89C51单片机系统预设的程序,将实际行车间距与临界安全车距进行比较,并据此控制高位制动灯的开闭和主动式头枕控制系统的执行。所提出的方法有较好的工程实用性。     

基于锥形流量延误函数的公交行程时间模型

针对交通规划软件常用的BPR公交流量延误函数在饱和度接近或大于1时,计算值与实际值相差急剧增大的不足,提出一种锥形流量延误函数,并分析了其对公交行程时间的影响,进而通过等式关系实现模型在交通仿真软件EMME/3中的实用化.相关的案例分析显示,在公交行程时间拟合方面,锥形流量延误模型较传统的BPR曲线模型误差均值降低5.57％,误差的波动降低50.60％,效果显著.