Co-operation among CMEA member countries in maritime transport

This paper highlights some of the major activities in developing an appropriate framework and modalities of co-operation among CMEA member countries in maritime transport. These include the working out of various basic documents determining objectives, directions and methods of co-operation. Particular attention is devoted to the Comprehensive Programme for the Further Extension and Improvement of Co-operation and the Development of Socialist Economic Integration of the CMEA Member Countries and to the first inter-governmental Agreement on Co-operation in Merchant Shipping. Relevant activities of the CMEA are described, in particular, in the fields of joint planning and chartering, as well as its mechanisms for developing and promoting co-operation.     

Indicators of urban accessibility: Theory and application

The concept of accessibility and its related indicators have been in use for a long time, with still diverging interpretations of their significance and formulation. In this paper, a review is made of various existing theoretical bases, with special emphasis on recent behavioural approaches. It is suggested that this theoretical framework now allows a better appraisal of accessibility indicators and precise recommendations are proposed for their practical formulation and use. Various examples are given, especially for disaggregate analysis where a calculation for a given person is proposed instead of the conventional calculation .by a given mode. Finally, the relations between accessibility and trip rate are examined; from a study made in French cities, it is suggested that accessibility is a powerful determinant of trip rate.     

An Alert System for Beach Hazard Management in the Balearic Islands

A real-time beach hazard level associated with nearshore hydrodynamics is presented in this article. The suitability of the discussed alert system is illustrated via its application to fifteen beaches in the Balearic Islands (Western Mediterranean Sea) providing nearshore safety conditions for beach safety manager. The system provides daily forecasts of nearshore wave conditions using the deep water wave forecasts. The shallow water wave data (wave height, period, and direction) together with the morphology of the site (presence of bars, capes, beach type, etc.) are used to define a hazard level (low, medium, and high) associated with local conditions. The resulting hazard level is transmitted via SMS to lifeguards and local authorities for real-time beach management. The low computational cost of this system after the initial implementation and subsequent calibration results in a very suitable approach for beach management in order to mitigate risks related to local hydrodynamics.     

Stereovision-based real-time occupant classification system for advanced airbag systems

Occupant classification in a passenger seat is one of the critical components for any advanced airbag system. Many automotive electronic suppliers and engineers predict that the camera will be the next generation sensor for active and passive safety systems because it has several advantages compared to other sensors. The present paper describes a stereovision-based occupant classification system (OCS) and intelligent algorithm with embedded system by which triggering of the airbag deployment can be controlled. The system consists of a pair of stereo cameras and dual Digital Signal Processor (DSP): the first DSP is for the stereo matching processing, and the second is for occupant classification. The results show that the reaches 97%, and the processing time is 960 ms. Such performance indicates that the feasibility of the system as an embedded OCS is high.     

Discerning the operational state of a vehicle’s distributed electronic systems from vehicle network traffic for use as a fault detection and diagnosis tool

This paper suggests a novel approach to finding faults in a vehicle’s electronic systems by monitoring the network traffic directly and generating statistical traits. The nature of the data in a CAN network is considered, and a case for the use of statistical analysis presented. Statistical traits extracted from the temporal behavior of network messages are investigated as a metric for fault detection. It is shown how this trait information can be extracted from network data, and how this information could be used for fault detection of an unknown fault on a CAN network. It is then demonstrated that combining multiple types of trait data can be used to correctly identify a fault once detected.     

SMA路面配合比设计及质量控制

通过沥青混合料的组成设计和各种试验数据,确定各种规格矿料与沥青的组成比例.找出混合料的最佳组合,为保证SMA路面的性能对质量控制做以介绍.     

Partial range scaling method based washout algorithm for a vehicle driving simulator and its evaluation

Unlike an actual vehicle, a vehicle driving simulator (VDS) has limited kinematics, workspace, and bounded dynamic characteristics making it very difficult to simulate dynamic motions of an actual vehicle. To solve these problems, a washout algorithm was developed. The developed algorithm restricts the workspace of the VDS to within the kinematic limit and makes the person driving the VDS perceive movement of an actual vehicle. However, the classic washout algorithm contains several problems, such as time delay and the generation of a wrong motion signal caused by characteristics of the filters. So the driver feels “simulator sickness,” such as fatigue, nausea, headache and so on because of differences between the sense of movement of the VDS and that of a real vehicle. In this paper, a partial range scaling method based washout algorithm, including a tilt coordination system, is developed to enhance the perception of motion and reduce simulator sickness. It is verified by a simulation, a survey, and a bio signal analysis using an electrocardiogram (ECG).