Valuation of externalities through neo-classical methods by including institutional variables

Externalities are uncompensated influences that are not expressed in a market but that affect the production possibilities or the welfare level of third parties. An example is the noise pollution in airport areas. Although air transport is an important source of economic growth and employment in many countries, the social and environmental problems connected with this sector are rising rapidly. Consequently, airports are becoming a matter of concern to many politicians. On what kind of values should they base their decisions as to further growth or consolidation of the current situation? In this paper we discuss two approaches, one based on mainstream, neo-classical, economics, and one based on institutional approaches, more in particular new institutional economics, which can be seen as a development complementary to the mainstream.     

Eddies around Madagascar — The retroflection re-considered

The Agulhas Current with its retroflection and attendant eddy-shedding is the cause of some of the greatest mesoscale variability in the ocean. This paper considers the area to the south and east of Madagascar, which provides some of the source waters of the Agulhas Current, and examines the propagating sea surface height signals in altimetry and output from a numerical model, OCCAM. Both show bands of variability along the axis of the East Madagascar Current (EMC) and along a zonal band near 25°S. Sequences of images plus associated temperature data suggest that a number of westward-propagating eddies are present in this zonal band. The paper then focuses on the region to the south of the island, where ocean colour and infra-red imagery are evocative of an East Madagascar Retroflection. The synthesis of data analysed in this paper, however, shows that remotely observed features in this area can be explained by anticyclonic eddies moving westward through the region, and this explanation is consistent with numerical model output and the trajectories of drifting buoys.     

LTS2000装置在哈大线牵引变电所的应用

介绍了哈大线牵引变电所当地综合自动化控制系统中变电所220 kV侧系统自动转换、接触网线路自动检测和变电所馈线反向电压自动检测3种自动控制功能,分析了其基本原理、工作过程及应用情况和取得的效益.     

电气集中大修工程的施工组织

随着列车速度的不断提高，减少铁路工程施工对行车的影响，便成了施工组织的重要课题。电气集中大修工程施工对行车安全、行车效率的最大影响是信号停止(以下简称信停)。因此，最大限度地减少信停时间是最直接的方法。     

站间增设逆向通过信号机方案

朔黄线复线自动闭塞开通运营后，在大机养路作业、钢轨放散施工中，一般需封闭一条线路，将出现列车逆向运行。由于朔黄线没有逆向自动闭塞设备，这时只能按站间闭塞办理，影响区间通过能力。如果在相邻两站间增设1架逆向通过信号机，将提高区间1倍的通过能力。经过反复的研究、探讨和试验，确定方案如下。     

大通道公路项目综合运输分析与应用

随着经济和交通运输的发展,运输结构和路网结构已经或正在发生巨大的变化,使公路建设项目前期工作交通分析变得越来越复杂。结合具体项目提出了大通道公路项目宜采用综合运输分析方法,应用于具体项目将会使交通分析与预测更加准确和合理,对今后类似的大通道项目起到一定的指导作用。     

铁路外资概算及建设管理中有关问题的探讨

针对目前铁路工程利用外资项目概算编制和建设管理中存在的问题,提出了处理的意见和建议.     

Regional impacts of new transport infrastructure: a multisectoral potentials approach

This is the second of two background papers sponsored for the Symposium by the Administrative Commission for the north of the Netherlands. Its purpose is to provide an indication of the effects of the proposed high speed rail line between Amsterdam, Groningen and Hamburg on employment in the corridor. The authors first review the techniques of forecasting these effects discussed in the literature. The potentials approach is adopted for their analysis, the mathematics and underlying assumptions of which are presented. Finally, this model is run to provide an estimate of the impact on regional employment of three variants of the proposed rail line.     

基于数据挖掘的轨道交通车载监测与维护系统

研究一种基于数据挖掘的轨道交通车载监测与维护系统,利用信息挖掘技术,对运行获取的数据设定关联规则组合,从而获得对列车运行信息更可靠地认识和运行质量评估,从大量日志中,快速找到关键问题,应用于列车测试和维修领域。