汽车电控系统的电磁干扰故障分析及检修

论述了由点火系统、发电机及电动机、继电器、汽车音响设备等汽车内部电磁干扰源产生的电磁干扰机理。通过分析指出,电磁干扰对汽车电控系统中传感器频率信号、微电压信号和执行器线路的占空比信号会产生较大影响。结合实例,介绍了汽车电控系统的电磁干扰故障检修方法。     

基于PSO优化扩展卡尔曼滤波的电机参数估计方法研究

针对传统扩展卡尔曼滤波算法应用于感应电机参数估计时,由固定测量噪声与真实噪声的差值所引起的估计误差问题,提出了一种粒子群优化扩展卡尔曼滤波的感应电机参数估计方法.以粒子群算法对扩展卡尔曼滤波算法中人为设定的固定测量噪声进行迭代寻优,同时引入全局最优变量,避免陷入局部最优,使寻优得到的测量噪声最大程度逼近真实的噪声水平....     

浅谈平衡检测在汽车修理中的应用

经济的繁荣带动了各领域、各行业的发展.汽车价格的层次化使得更多不同收入阶层的人购车用车,进而导致了近年来我国私家车数量急剧上升,社会对于汽车修理的效率与水平也有了更高的要求.平衡性作为汽车的主要性能之一,如果其中出现问题,必将影响汽车的正常行驶并带来一定的安全隐患.因此,平衡检测在汽车修理中具有重要作用.本文以汽车修理...     

高压共轨柴油机低温起动过程试验研究

对采用高压共轨燃油喷射技术的某直列六缸增压中冷柴油机进行了低温低气压起动试验,分析了低温和低气压环境对柴油机起动过程的影响,以及高压共轨柴油机改善低温起动性能所采用的控制策略.结果表明,该柴油机在Om海拔、-35℃的模拟环境下能够顺利起动,起动时间为23 s;在3000m模拟海拔、-30℃模拟环境下,起动困难,起动拖动...     

A line impedance stabilization network for pulse current injection北大核心CSCD

［Objective］Aiming at the deficiency of the existing line impedance stability network (LISN) in the electromagnetic pulse protection capability, a LISN suitable for the pulse current injection (PCI) test of electrical and electronic equipment is proposed. ［Methods］Aiming at the characteristics of high peak value and fast rise of the pulse current in PCI testing, the circuit structure and physical structure of the LISN are improved on the existing basis through PSpice time-domain and frequency-domain simulation combined with engineering design requirements, thereby giving it good nanosecond pulse protection performance and impedance stability at the same time. Pulse current protection performance test and impedance curve test experiments are then designed and carried out.［Results］The experimental results show that the improved LISN can attenuate the injected pulse current by 60 times, while the error of its impedance curve is less than 5% compared with the Type 5 µH LISN in GJB 151B-2013. ［Conclusions］The proposed LISN has good impedance stability and decoupling ability, and can be used in the PCI testing of electrical and electronic equipment in order to protect the power supply and improve the repeatability of testing. © 2023 Chinese Journal of Ship Research. All rights reserved.     

城市轨道交通与土地规划相协调的保障政策

结合广州市轨道交通规划的编制,探讨对城市轨道交通沿线土地进行控制与储备的规划保障政策,论述分阶段对城市轨道交通沿线可开发土地进行储备,为城市轨道交通工程建设提供用地支持,保证政府筹集地铁建设资金的政策措施.     

Constructal design of tree-shaped microchannel disc heat sink with wavy walls北大核心CSCD

［Objective］To meet the efficient thermal management needs of electronic devices such as ships and underwater vehicles, this study focuses on the constructal design of a tree-shaped microchannel disc heat sink with wavy walls. ［Method］A design prototype of the heat sink with wavy walls is first proposed. Based on constructal theory, the amplitude and wavelength of the wavy walls are designed under the constraints of fixed heat sink volume and fixed microchannel volume by maximizing the comprehensive performance evaluation criteria (PEC) while considering both heat transfer and flow pressure drop. ［Results］The results show that the wavy walls increase the heat transfer surface areas and generate vortices in their cavities, effectively reducing the maximum temperature. When the inlet Reynolds number is fixed at 700, 900 or 1100 respectively, the maximum temperature is reduced by 13.5 K by increasing the amplitude of the wavy walls, while the pressure drop increases significantly; and the maximum temperature is reduced by 4.7 K by reducing the wavelength of the wavy walls, while the pressure drop increases slightly. There are optimal amplitudes that raise the comprehensive performance evaluation criteria to extreme values for given larger wavelengths, while the comprehensive performance evaluation criteria increase monotonously as the amplitude increases for given smaller wavelengths. ［Conclusion］Wavy walls can significantly improve the thermal performance of tree-shaped microchannel disc heat sinks, and the use of constructal design can realize optimal geometric constructs with optimal comprehensive performance evaluation criteria. © 2023 Authors. All rights reserved.     

基于因子分析与熵值法的不同隧道侧向宽度下驾驶负荷模型

为探究隧道侧向宽度对驾驶心理及行为的影响机理，采用眼动仪、CAN-OBD测速仪等设备在滨莱高速试验场开展不同侧向宽度场景实车试验，获取30名男性驾驶人在不同侧向宽度场景下生心理及驾驶行为数据；以心率均值、车速差、速度标准差、平均注视持续时间和注视时间标准差为关键变量，建立基于因子分析与熵值法的驾驶负荷量化模型，量化评价不同侧向宽度下驾驶负荷变化规律；基于K-means聚类算法确定不同等级驾驶负荷阈值，结合ROC曲线的分类判别和最大约登指数值，提出隧道侧向宽度临界阈值计算方法。研究结果表明：当设计速度为120 km·h^-1时，采用较大的隧道侧向宽度不仅有利于提高运行车速，同时可减小驾驶负荷；相较于左、右侧侧向宽度分别为0.75 m和1.25 m的标准断面设计尺寸，隧道左、右侧侧向宽度增加至1.00 m和1.50 m时，小型车和大型车驾驶人运行车速分别提升4.5%和3.6%,驾驶负荷分别减小31%和29%;不同侧向宽度下驾驶负荷低、中、高3个等级对应的阈值为0.23和0.42,隧道左侧最佳侧向宽度阈值为0.75～1.00 m,右侧最佳侧向宽度阈值为1.25～1.50 ...     

面向“离位”儿童乘员的常开式安全气囊优化设计

儿童乘坐校车时常呈现多种"离位"坐姿,有必要开展多种儿童坐姿下,常开式安全气囊的优化设计研究,明确12岁儿童的损伤阈值。为此构建并验证校车的仿真模型,搭建校车和常开式安全气囊的耦合模型。选取躺卧坐姿、右倾坐姿作为12岁儿童乘员的典型"离位"坐姿,并针对正常坐姿、躺卧坐姿和右倾坐姿,以加权伤害指标为优化目标,基于响应面代理模型和改进型NSGA-Ⅱ算法,权衡确定常开式安全气囊的主要设计参数的最优配置为:泄气阀开度199.73%、泄气阀开启压力1.1628×105Pa、安装点高度0.362 8 m和中部拉带长度0.315 2 m。结果表明:3种儿童坐姿下,具备最优配置的常开式安全气囊能够最大限度地提升12岁儿童乘员的安全性。