应用数值模型分析汽车催化器的性能参数

本文介绍了催化器非稳态数学模型，并利用非稳态模型分析了催化器性能的各种影响因素，如催化剂的装载量、装载方式、载体结构参数及催化器安装位置。     

On the role played by turbulence closures in hull shape optimization at model and full scale

 The practical use of automated computational fluid dynamics (CFD)-based design tools in the ship-building industry requires powerful flow solvers which are able to take into account realistic geometries as well as complex physical phenomena, such as turbulence. A shape optimization tool is developed in this framework. A derivative-free optimizer, yielding both flexibility and robustness, is preferred to the classical gradient-based method, which is more difficult to implement and is still limited to only moderately complex problems. The flow solver included in the design procedure solves the incompressible Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations on unstructured grids using a finite-volume formulation involving several near-wall low-Reynolds-number turbulence models. The design tool is used to optimize the stern of a modern hull shape at model and full scale, with different purposes being considered. More precisely, the drag reduction and the homogenization of the flow in the wake are expected by controlling the longitudinal vortex generated. Our interest is particularly focused on the influence of turbulence modeling in the design process. The effects of a two-equation model based on the eddy-viscosity assumption and a second-order closure relying on the Reynolds stress transport equations are compared. Received: September 24, 2002 / Accepted: April 14, 2003 RID="*" Acknowledgment. The authors thank the scientific committee of CINES (project dmn2050) for the attribution of CPU time.     

闸调器性能自动检测控制系统

在手动试验台的基础上，加装以８０３１单片机为核心的检测与控制系统，实现闸调器试验自动化．     

GENETIC POLYMORPHISM OF SIX Y CHROMOSOMAL STR IN CHINESE HUI ETHNIC GROUP

Objective To study genetic polymorphism of 6 Y chromosomal STR in Hui ethnic group living in Ningxia Hui ethnic autonomous region, in order to evaluate their usefulness in forensic science and enrich the Chinese genetic information resources. Methods We investigated 101 unrelated, healthy, male individuals of Hui ethnic group and studied their allelic frequency distribution and haplotype diversity of 6 Y chromosomal STR. Primer for each loci was labeled with the fluorescent by FAM (blue) or TAMRA(yellow). The data of Hui ethnic group were generated coamplification, GeneScan, genotype, and genetic distribution analysis. Results 31 alleles and 43 phenotype(DYS385) were detected, with the frequencies ranging from 0. 0099- 0. 7129. Out of a total of 101 individuals, 96 showed different haplotypes; 91 were unique; 5 were found 2 times. The haplotype diversity for 6 Y-STR loci was 0. 9990. Conclusion The date obtained can be valuable for individual identification, paternity testing in forensic fields and for population genetics because of 6 Y-STR loci high polymorphism.     

氟诱导牙胚分泌期造釉细胞凋亡的实验研究

目的　探讨氟与分泌期造釉细胞凋亡的关系 ,进一步明确氟斑牙的发病机制。方法　通过建立孕鼠急性氟中毒动物模型 ,用透射电镜、缺口末端标记法 (TUNEL)观察胎鼠牙胚分泌期造釉细胞凋亡。结果　孕鼠高氟引起胎鼠牙胚分泌期造釉细胞下囊腔的形成 ,囊腔上方的造釉细胞发生了程序性细胞凋亡 (PCD)。结论　氟对造釉细胞的毒性作用是通过程序性细胞死亡的方式进行     

东海大桥主通航孔斜拉桥索塔的施工技术

海上斜拉桥主塔施工,无论在施工技术,还是在施工管理上都是一次新的尝试和探索,东海大桥的基准设计期为100年,面临恶劣的海况条件,施工难度大。本文详细介绍了东海大桥索塔的砼配合比设计,脚手架及施工模板的设置、安装,高深度砼的洗筑等关键施工技术。     

在航船舶基于气象分析的实用避台方法

从在航船舶遇台的实际情况出发，根据雷达标绘原理，用真运动作图法在海图上标绘出船舶-台风的运动态势关系图，求取未来船舶与台风之间的位置关系．提出了基于台风定位精度的对船舶-台风位置关系的修正方案，求出二者的最近相遇距离和到达最近相遇距离的时间，从而分析了不同的避台方案的确定，以及避台时应注意的有关问题．     

大剂量螺内酯对大鼠肝纤维化进展及血管紧张素Ⅱ水平的影响

目的　论证螺内酯的抗肝纤维化作用 ,动态观察其对大鼠肝纤维化进展中血管紧张素Ⅱ (AngⅡ )水平的影响。方法　 90只SD大鼠随机分为 3组 :①正常对照组 (8只 ) :正常饮水饮食 ,皮下注射纯花生油 ;②模型组 (4 2只 ) :皮下注射 4 0 % (体积分数 )四氯化碳花生油溶液 ,辅以高脂、高胆固醇、低蛋白饮食 ;③螺内酯组 (4 0只 ) :造模方法同模型组 ,并以 10 0mg·g-1·d-1剂量的螺内酯灌胃。于 2、4、6、8周末 ,后两组分别处死一批动物 ,放免法测定其血清及肝匀浆中AngⅡ水平 ,取肝脏标本做HE和VG染色观察。结果　①螺内酯组的一般状况较好 ,病理改变较模型组轻 ,胶原面积比减少 ,两者有显著差异 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;②螺内酯组和模型组大鼠血清及肝匀浆中AngⅡ水平均从第 2周开始较正常对照组显著升高 ;从第 4周开始 ,螺内酯组血清中AngⅡ水平较同期模型组显著升高 ,而肝匀浆中AngⅡ水平较同期模型组显著降低。结论　大剂量螺内酯可以部分抑制肝纤维化的进展 ,其作用机制可能与肝纤维化进展过程中肝匀浆中AngⅡ水平降低有关     

新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病预后的早期评估指标

目的　探讨神经元特异性烯醇酶 (NSE)、内源性一氧化碳 (CO)、新生儿行为神经测定 (NBNA)、临床分度法和CT分度法等方法在新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病 (HIE)预后判断早期评估中的意义。方法　对 30例HIE患儿在生后第 2天检测血清NSE浓度和血浆CO水平 ,生后 7d内进行临床分度、CT分度和NBNA评分 ,于生后 6月 - 1岁进行神经发育随访 ,以 10例足月新生儿为对照组。结果　HIE组血清NSE、血浆CO浓度明显高于对照组 (P均 <0 .0 0 1) ;血清NSE、血浆CO浓度之间 ,及它们分别与HIE临床分度、CT分度呈正相关 ,与NBNA评分呈负相关 ;临床分度法、CT分度法、NBNA、血清NSE及血浆CO浓度检测预测预后的敏感性分别为 10 0 %、10 0 %、85 .71%、10 0 %和 83.33% ,特异性分别为 4 5 .4 5 %、4 5 .4 5 %、5 1.6 6 %、5 8.33%和 5 8.33%。结论　临床分度法是预测HIE预后的基础指标 ,血清NSE浓度变化对早期预测HIE预后有较高的价值     

天然牛磺酸对肝纤维化大鼠肝线粒体的保护作用

目的探讨天然牛磺酸对肝纤维化大鼠肝线粒体的保护作用。方法将Wistar大鼠随机分成对照组、模型组、天然牛磺酸治疗组,采用CCl4诱导肝纤维化模型。检测治疗前后各组线粒体膜电位、细胞色素-C(cyt-c)、Ca2 、丙二醛(MDA)的含量及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活性,观察肝组织纤维化改变及转化生长因子(TGF-β1)的表达。结果治疗组与模型组相比膜电位、cyt-c含量、SOD活性显著升高(P<0.05或P<0.01),MDA、Ca2 的含量显著降低(P<0.05)。肝组织纤维化程度减轻,TGF-β1表达显著减少(P<0.05)。结论天然牛磺酸具有保护肝纤维化大鼠肝线粒体,具有抗肝纤维化作用。