Optimal scheduling of the flexray static segment based on two-dimensional bin-packing algorithm

FlexRay is a reliable and hard real-time in-vehicle communication protocol that is strongly promoted by car manufacturers as the de facto standard in the automotive domain. The protocol offers both a time-triggered and an eventtriggered architecture. This paper focuses on the optimal scheduling of the time-triggered component of FlexRay known as the static (ST) segment using a two-dimensional bin-packing technique. To maximize the bandwidth utilization in the ST segment, a fast heuristic as well as an efficient integer linear programming approach are proposed. Our methods directly schedule signals into slots including frame packing, according to signal-based data scheduling and the slot/ cycle multiplexing mechanisms presented by the latest version of the FlexRay protocol. The benefits of our proposed methods are demonstrated by extensive experiments on synthetic and an automotive X-by-wire system case study. An additional test case is examined to emphasize the superior performance of the proposed approach relative to that of existing optimal scheduling approaches.     

五大集团新能源汽车产业发展现状

<正>新能源汽车产业作为世界范围内的一个朝阳产业,中国汽车企业在这方面的技术落后和受制要远小于传统汽车,所以大力发展新能源汽车是我国汽车产业在世界范围内崛起的大好机会,同时我国在近年来相继出台了一大批新能源汽车的利好政策,企业也纷纷发布相关产品,TOP5集团在新能源领域进入较早,但是到目前为止产品较少,新能源汽车必然是TOP5集团未来的发展重点。     

参数化装配实体模型在柴油机总体概念设计中的应用

结合并行工程产品结构概念设计理论 ,提出了在柴油机总体概念设计中使用参数化装配模型的设计方法和实现手段。基于I-DEAS软件 ,针对部分研究内容进行了二次开发 ,采用基于特征的变结构参数化建模技术生成了柴油机各零部件局部特征库和参数化简化模型库 ,并依据柴油机总体装配树型结构建立参数化装配模型 ,最后对总体装配模型进行运动仿真和静、动态干涉检查。     

工厂火灾,爆炸场所危险度综合评价法

为减少火灾事故，介绍了“工厂火灾、爆炸场所危险度综合评价法”，“道氏法”是该法的基础。分析了“道氏法”的不足，而提出了固定危险和现实补偿的综合性计算方法。还通过实例记述了新方法的优点、基本原理和应用方法。该法能用于评价工厂企业危险设备、装置与场所的火灾、爆炸危险程度。     

Theoretical method for predicting the weight reduction rate of a box-type car body for rolling stock by material substitution design

In this paper, a theoretical approach is suggested for predicting the structural performances and weight reduction rate of a car body with a box-type section when its material is substituted with a lightweight material for weight saving. For the material substitution design of a car body for rolling stock, bending, axial, and twisting deformations should be considered at constant stiffness and strength conditions. To compare the weight reduction effects on different material applications, some new indices were derived from a structural performance point of view. The derived indices provide good measures to estimate weight reduction by material substitution design and can be effectively applied to the conceptual design of a car body.     

Multiaxial stress creep rupture mechanisms of AZ31 magnesium alloy

The maximum principal stresses, von Mises effective stresses and principal facet stresses at the time of creep rupture were compared in uniaxial, biaxial, and triaxial stress states for AZ31 magnesium alloy. The creep rupture of this alloy was experimentally controlled by cavitation, which was the result of a low damage tolerance, λ. Creep deformation could be correlated with the von Mises effective stress parameter. The failure-mechanism control parameter governing the stress state coincided with the experimental results of the rupture of the materials under multiaxial stress states. Finally, the theoretical prediction based on constrained cavity growth and continuous nucleation agreed with the experimental rupture data to within a factor of three.     

汽车塑料保险杠面漆前处理工艺分析

近年来,随着人们生活水平的提高,汽车已经逐渐普及,成为人们出行的重要交通工具,给人们的生活带来了极大的便捷性。汽车保险杠是汽车的重要组成部分,但是对于汽车塑料保险杠面漆前处理工艺还不够成熟。笔者结合多年的工作经验,对汽车塑料保险杠面漆前处理工艺进行分析,以期能够改进汽车塑料保险杠面漆前处理工艺。     

一汽集团乘用车动力总成低碳技术策略

介绍了一汽集团乘用车动力总成的低碳化、可再生化和电动化技术路线。阐述了传统汽油机通过汽油直喷、增压降排量技术、EGR和怠速停机等技术实现国家第三阶段油耗法规的规划。具体说明了通过直喷分层燃烧、HCCI和轿车柴油机化等技术实现低碳化的中长期技术方案、利用替代燃料实现乘用车动力总成燃料的可再生化的可持续发展重要策略和乘用车动力系统电动化的长期发展战略。     

Fault detection method for electric parking brake (EPB) systems with sensorless estimation using current ripples

A fault detection method with parity equations is proposed in this paper. Due to its low cost implementation, the velocity of the motor is not measurable in electric parking brake (EPB) systems. Therefore, residuals are not reliable when estimating the motor velocity with a low-resolution encoder. In this paper, we propose a fault detection method with sensorless estimation using current ripples that estimates the position and velocity of the motor by detecting periodical oscillations of the armature current caused by rotor slots. In addition, this method can estimate the position and velocity of the motor with less computational effort than a state observer. Moreover, the method is less sensitive to motor parameters than model-based estimation methods. The effectiveness of this method is validated with experimental data, and the simulation results show that various faults have their own residual patterns. Therefore, we can detect the presence of faults by monitoring the residual signals.     

Application of slim A-pillar to improve driver’s field of vision

The importance of vehicle safety cannot be exaggerated in today’s mobile societies. Many manufacturers, associates related to vehicles and universities make an effort to improve vehicle safety by developing new technologies, applying high strength steel to the body structure etc. However, the majority of these efforts are focused on decreasing injury. It is absolutely important to minimize injury, but a more important aspect is coping with vehicle accidents. That is, As undeniably important as it is to minimize potential injuries, it is critical that experts focus on developing ways to keep drivers out of situations likely to lead to crashes in the first place. The purpose of this paper is to determine what the most critical factor is when coping with an unfamiliar driving situation. The answer is to provide a wide-open field of vision, especially for the driver. The driver’s field of vision is obstructed by the vehicle’s A-pillar. To solve this, the A-pillar obstruction angle, which is the angle between the driver’s eyes and the A-pillar should be decreased. This paper purposes three-methods for decreasing this angle structurally and applying a slim A-pillar which is as the best solution to decrease the A-pillar obstruction angle and ensure the drivers field of vision at the same time