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排序方式: 共有1151条查询结果,搜索用时 78 毫秒
911.
Y. Tsutsumi A. Iijima K. Yoshida H. Shoji J. T. Lee 《International Journal of Automotive Technology》2009,10(6):645-652
The Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) engine has attracted much interest because it can simultaneously achieve
high efficiency and low emissions. However, the ignition timing is difficult to control because this engine has no physical
ignition mechanism. In addition, combustion proceeds very rapidly because the premixed mixture ignites simultaneously at multiple
locations in the cylinder, making it difficult to increase the operating load. In this study, an HCCI engine was operated
using blended test fuels comprised of dimethyl ether (DME) and methane, each of which have different ignition characteristics.
The effects of mixing ratios and absolute quantities of the two types of fuel on the ignition timing and rapidity of combustion
were investigated. Cool flame reaction behavior, which significantly influences the ignition, was also analyzed in detail
on the basis of in-cylinder spectroscopic measurements. The experimental results revealed that within the range of the experimental
conditions used in this study, the quantity of DME supplied substantially influenced the ignition timing, whereas there was
little observed effect from the quantity of methane supplied. Spectroscopic measurements of the behavior of a substance corresponding
to HCHO also indicated that the quantity of DME supplied significantly influenced the cool flame behavior. However, the rapidity
of combustion could not be controlled even by varying the mixing ratios of DME and methane. It was made clear that changes
in the ignition timing substantially influence the rapidity of combustion. 相似文献
912.
T. J. Kim H. Y. Kim B. C. Hwang H. J. Kang C. Kim 《International Journal of Automotive Technology》2009,10(5):611-618
There are three sub-processes associated with the assembly of an automobile transmission: heat fitting, shrink fitting, and
combination fitting. In the heat fitting stage, the gear is heated to a specified temperature and then squeezed towards the
outer diameter of the shaft. The stress of the heat-fitted gear depends on the yield strength of the gear. In the shrink fitting
process, the gear is typically squeezed towards the shaft at room temperature using a press. An alternate method, known as
warm shrink fitting, heats the already warm gear and safely squeezes it toward the shaft. The warm shrink fitting process
for automobile transmission parts is becoming more commonplace, but the additional heating can cause the dimensions of the
assembled parts (shaft/gear) to change with respect to both the outer diameter and the profile of the gear. As a result, there
may be additional noise and vibration between gears. To address these problems, we analyzed the warm shrink fitting process
using the contact pressure caused by fitting interference between the outer diameter of the shaft and the inner diameter of
the gear, fitting temperature, and the profile tolerance of the gear as design parameters. In this study, a closed form equation
for predicting the contact pressure and fitting load is proposed. This equation is used to develop an optimization technique
for the warm shrink fitting process. The reliability of the model was verified using experimental results measured in the
field, and FEM with thermal-structural coupled field analysis. Actual loads measured in the field showed good agreement with
the results obtained by theoretical and finite element analysis, and expansion of the outer diameters of the gears agreed
well with the results. 相似文献
913.
J. Kim N. Kim S. Hwang Y. Hori H. Kim 《International Journal of Automotive Technology》2009,10(6):733-742
A motor control strategy for an input-split hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) is proposed. From a power characteristic analysis,
it is found that the powertrain efficiency decreases for speed ratios at which power circulation occurs. Using dynamic models
of an input-split HEV powertrain, a motor-generator control algorithm for obtaining high system efficiency is designed by
inversion-based control. The performance of the control algorithm is evaluated by the simulator which is developed based on
PSAT, and simulation results are compared with the test results. It is found that, even if the engine thermal efficiency is
sacrificed by moving the engine operation point from the OOL for the control strategy, improved overall powertrain system
efficiency can be achieved by the engine operation that gives a relatively high efficiency from the viewpoint of the overall
powertrain efficiency. The control algorithm developed can be used in design of future electric vehicles. 相似文献
914.
H. G. Jung Y. H. Lee H. J. Kang J. Kim 《International Journal of Automotive Technology》2009,10(2):219-228
This paper discusses the market trends and advantages of a safety system integrating LKS (Lane Keeping System) and ACC (Adaptive
Cruise Control), referred to as the LKS+ACC system, and proposes a method utilizing the range data from ACC for the sake of
lane detection. The overall structure of lane detection is the same as the conventional method using monocular vision: EDF
(Edge Distribution Function)-based initialization, sub-ROI (Region Of Interest) for left/right and distance-based layers,
steerable filter-based feature extraction, and model fitting in each sub-ROI. The proposed method adds only the system for
confining lane detection ROI to free space that is established by range data. Experimental results indicate that such a simple
adaptive ROI can overcome occlusion of lane markings and disturbance of neighboring vehicles. 相似文献
915.
沥青层应变传感器数据采集及处理方法研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
介绍了沥青路面电阻应变传感器的基本原理,分析了数据采集过程中初始电压达到极限状态的原因和调整方法,通过试验分析确定了高速车轮荷载和FWD荷载作用下应变传感器数据采集系统的合理采集频率,最后结合应力应变传感器在动态荷载作用下的响应规律,总结了将电阻应变传感器电压信号转换为应变信号的数据处理方法. 相似文献
916.
拥挤条件下公交系统的拟动态均衡配流模型 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
论文考虑了由于公交线路运营能力不足造成的车站排队拥挤现象,在此基础上构造了拥挤条件下公交系统的拟动态均衡配流模型.该模型可自动估计不同时段内拥挤条件下的公交流量和车站的乘客排队,特别是在非常拥挤的情况下(即乘客需求超过公交网络运营能力)也能够进行流量分配,并确定车站的乘客排队长度.因此,该模型较好地反映了公交网络的拥挤效应.所给算例说明了不同需求条件下该公交均衡配流模型的应用. 相似文献
917.
Lawrence J. Doctors Alexander H. Day David Clelland Philip Beveridge 《Journal of Marine Science and Technology》2010,15(4):345-358
A series of carefully controlled experiments on the wave-generation characteristics of a model of a compartmented surface-effect
ship has been conducted in a towing tank. Configurations of the model included cases encompassing one subcushion and two subcushions,
as well as differing values of the pressures in the subcushions. It was shown that a reduced wave generation in the appropriate
Froude number range could be achieved in this manner. Furthermore, a previously developed theory for the wave generation of
marine vessels was verified for the model for a Froude number greater than 0.40. 相似文献
918.
Does scale heterogeneity across individuals matter? An empirical assessment of alternative logit models 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
There is growing interest in establishing a mechanism to account for scale heterogeneity across individuals (essentially the
variance of a variance term or the standard deviation of utility over different choice situations), in addition to the more
commonly identified taste heterogeneity in mixed logit models. A number of authors have recently proposed a model that recognizes
the relationship between scale and taste heterogeneity, and investigated the behavioural implications of accounting for scale
heterogeneity in contrast to a term in the utility function, itself. In this paper we present a general model that extends
the mixed logit model to explicitly account for scale heterogeneity in the presence of preference heterogeneity, and compare
it with models that assume only scale heterogeneity (referred to as the scale heterogeneous multinomial logit model) and only
preference heterogeneity. Our empirical assessment suggests that accommodating scale heterogeneity in the absence of accounting
for preference heterogeneity may be of limited empirical interest, resulting in a statistically inferior model, despite it
being an improvement over the standard MNL model. Scale heterogeneity in the presence of preference heterogeneity does garner
favour, with the generalized mixed logit model an improvement over the standard mixed logit model. The evidence herein suggests,
however, that compared to a failure to account for preference heterogeneity that is consequential, failure to account for
scale heterogeneity may not be of such great empirical consequence in respect of behavioural outputs such as direct elasticities
and willingness to pay. However additional studies are required to establish the extent to which this evidence is transferable
to a body of studies. 相似文献
919.
Abstract This paper develops a model for estimating unsignalized intersection delays which can be applied to traffic assignment (TA) models. Current unsignalized intersection delay models have been developed mostly for operational purposes, and demand detailed geometric data and complicated procedures to estimate delay. These difficulties result in unsignalized intersection delays being ignored or assumed as a constant in TA models. Video and vehicle license plate number recognition methods are used to collect traffic volume data and to measure delays during peak and off-peak traffic periods at four unsignalized intersections in the city of Tehran, Iran. Data on geometric design elements are measured through field surveys. An empirical approach is used to develop a delay model as a function of influencing factors based on 5- and 15-min time intervals. The proposed model estimates delays on each approach based on total traffic volumes, rights-of-way of the subject approach and the intersection friction factor. The effect of conflicting traffic flows is considered implicitly by using the intersection friction factor. As a result, the developed delay model guarantees the convergence of TA solution methods. A comparison between delay models performed using different time intervals shows that the coefficients of determination, R 2, increases from 43.2% to 63.1% as the time interval increases from 5- to 15-min. The US Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) delay model (which is widely used in Iran) is validated using the field data and it is found that it overestimates delay, especially in the high delay ranges. 相似文献
920.
[Objective]To investigate ship motion and load responses in realistic 3D waves and overcome the limitations of the traditional 2D wave assumption, this paper develops a method for predicting ship motion and load responses in short-crested waves. [Method]The long- and short-term responses of ship motion and load in long- and short-crested waves are numerically predicted using the spectral analysis and statistical probability methods, respectively. The influence of directional function on ship response is also numerically analyzed. Moreover, tank model tests and a large-scale model sea trial are comparatively conducted to validate the difference between ship response and statistics in long- and short-crested irregular waves. [Results]The results show that when navigating against the waves in the same sea condition, the long-crested wave assumption overestimates the statistical mean value of ship load response, but underestimates extreme load in real seas. For long-crested waves, the ship motion and acceleration power spectrum is concentrated around a certain frequency band. [Conclusion]Ship motion and load responses in realistic 3D waves are significantly different from those in 2D long-crested waves. The directional function of short-crested waves also has a significant effect on ship motion and load responses. © 2023 The Author(s). 相似文献