磁集成地铁变压器漏抗三维有限元计算

地铁逆变牵引系统中平衡电抗器的存在对减少大功率逆变器体积、降低造价不利。为此,运用磁集成技术将平衡电抗器与变压器有机结合,构造出新型12脉波二重逆变牵引供电系统,实现利用集成磁件的等效电感取代平衡电感的设计思想。采用基于边单元的稳态非线性有限元法,建立地铁变压器的三维有限元模型,对各绕组间的等效电感进行分析计算。仿真结果与样机现场试验数据非常接近,验证了所提出的有限元计算方法的正确性和可行性。     

Biologically induced modification of seawater viscosity in the Eastern English Channel during a Phaeocystis globosa spring bloom

To identify the potential relationship between Pheaocystis globosa bloom conditions and seawater properties, a hydrobiological survey was performed in the inshore waters of the Eastern English Channel over the course of the phytoplankton spring bloom. Chlorophyll concentration, auto- and hetero/mixotrophic composition of protists and standing stock, and seawater viscosity were measured weekly from March to June 2004. The decline of the bloom is characterized by a massive foam formation in the turbulent surf zone. Before foam formation, seawater viscosity significantly increased, showing a significant positive correlation with chlorophyll concentration. In contrast, after foam formation this correlation was negative, seawater viscosity kept increasing despite a sharp decrease in chlorophyll concentrations. No significant correlation has been found between seawater viscosity and the composition of the phytoplankton assemblages observed during the survey. However, significant positive correlations have been found between seawater viscosity and both the size and the abundance of P. globosa colonies. From the correlation patterns observed between chlorophyll concentration and seawater viscosity, we suggest that the rheological properties of seawater are mainly driven by extracellular materials associated with colony formation and maintenance rather than by cell composition and standing stock.     

Driver steering and muscle activity during a lane-change manoeuvre

The article reports an experimental study of driver steering control behaviour in a lane-change manoeuvre. Eight test subjects were instrumented with electromyography to measure muscle activation and co-contraction. Each subject completed 30 lane-change manoeuvres with one vehicle on a fixed-base driving simulator. For each driver, the steering torque feedback characteristic was changed after every ten manoeuvres; the response of the vehicle to steering angle inputs was not changed. Drivers' control strategies were found to be robust to changes in steering torque feedback. Path-following errors, muscle activity and muscle co-contraction all reduce with the number of lane-changes performed by the driver, suggesting the existence of a learning process. Comparing the test subjects, there was some evidence that high levels of co-contraction were used to allow high-frequency steering inputs to be generated. The results contribute to the understanding of vehicle-driver (and more generally, human-machine) dynamic interaction.     

Evasive manoeuvres with a steering robot

In the pursuit of an objective rating on vehicle stability performance, it is always desirable to reduce disturbances and inconsistencies during experimental evaluations, especially the ones introduced by human drivers. This paper presents the development of a steering robot designed for closed-loop steering tasks during evasive manoeuvres. It describes the controller structure and discusses experimental results, in addition to simulation/vehicle model verifications and theoretical control analysis.     

FRP正弦波形夹心桥面板的等效有限元模型

以FRP正弦波形夹心桥面板作为研究对象,得到等效正交各项异性实心板,通过理论分析和数值对比,证明了方法的可行性;采用该法对一实际的FRP正弦波形夹心板桥进行了模态分析。     

ICE(R)系列新动车用 COBRA诊断系统--对车务人员和维修的创新支持

ICE 系列新动车ICE3、ICET、ICE TD采用了层级结构的诊断系统COBRA(Central On Board RailwayAssistant车载辅助中心),有各装置的自诊断和动车有关的上一级诊断.COBRA诊断系统有清晰的目标群取向,总是只向车务人员和维修人员提供重要的信息和可能的补救措施.在列车进段之前就对自动释放和经无线传输的诊断数据做了计算.列车一进段就准备好了维修人员和维修材料,例如更换损坏件和磨耗件,在进行清洁作业的同时为列车下一次运行准备好了良好的状态.     

川江上游船型比选思路探讨

本文在分析川江上游运输船舶现状的基础上,提出船型比选的原则,并阐述了对现有船型比选的思路和方法,最后介绍了采用VB开发的计算机比选程序。     

Maritime liner shipping and the stevedoring industry: market structure and competition strategies

Globalization, liberalization, competition and spatial interaction are significant factors affecting the transformation of manufacturing industries worldwide. In the transportation and logistics industry, however, cooperation is becoming even more critical than competition in determining firms' efficiency. Cooperation has always characterized the liner sector in which strategic alliances, mergers and acquisitions have generated twin effects: notable increases in ship size and falls in freight rates. Meanwhile, the stevedoring industry is undergoing privatization-driven consolidation and the emergence of global pure terminal operators. This article focuses on vertical integration between global carriers and terminal operators. We address the following key current issues:

• dedicated terminals as a strategy for cutting costs and controlling integrated transport chains;
• the struggle for supply chain control, involving global carriers versus global terminal operators, driven by financial power and technical and managerial capability.

We close analysing one of the core problems of the market, namely the evolving role of the dedicated terminals. For the pure stevedores they represent an opportunity to secure a cargo, while in the hands of the liners they enable cost stability and the possibility to put pressure on pure terminal operators.     

A study of passenger discomfort measures at the Hong Kong mass transit railway system

This note investigates the important attributes relating to the crowding effects at the Mass Transit Railway (MTR) stations in Hong Kong. Data was collected at two sets of three MTR stations to study the responses of the passengers due to the discomfort at crowded vehicles and platforms. Stated preference surveys were used to study the effects of passenger discomfort measures.     

论人才队伍建设与企业跨越式发展

本文结合中国铁路工程总公司人力资源管理工作实践 ,论述了建设高素质人才队伍和学习型机制在企业发展中的重要作用 ,指出了高素质的企业家、高水平的专家、高技能的技师和高效率的政工干部等四支人才队伍培养的核心和重点 ,并分析了人力资源管理创新中的几个关键问题