道路系统全生命周期碳排放量化分析框架——基于国际标准

由于车辆为移动碳源、道路基础设施非普通建筑等特性,道路系统全生命周期碳排放量化较为复杂.不同于传统道路基础设施生命周期评价(LCA)相关研究以道路实体作为产品系统,在深入解析有关LCA的ISO系列标准、GHG Protocol系列标准、PAS 2050系列标准的基础上,针对道路基础设施和车用燃料参与交通服务生产过程中的...     

Compensation of pressure enthalpy effects on temperature fields for throttling of high-pressure real gas

For the pressure enthalpy of high pressure pneumatics, the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation based on ideal gas assumption fails to obtain the real temperature information. Therefore, we propose a method to compensate the pressure enthalpy of throttling for CFD simulation based on ideal gas assumption. Firstly, the pressure enthalpy is calculated for the pressure range of 0.101 to 30 MPa and the temperature range of 190 to 298 K based on Soave-Redlich-Kwong (S-R-K) equation. Then, a polynomial fitting equation is applied to practical application in the above mentioned range. The basic idea of the compensation method is to convert the pressure enthalpy difference between inlet air and nodes into the compensation temperature. In the above temperature and pressure range, the compensated temperature is close to the real one, and the relative temperature drop error is below 10%. This error is mainly caused by the velocity difference of the orifice between the real and ideal gas models. Finally, this compensation method performs an icing analysis for practical high pressure slide pilot valve.     

Effect of orthogonal stiffeners on the stability of axially compressed steel jacking pipe

Load conditions for steel pipe-jacking are complex during the construction stage. The stability of steel jacking pipe has been an increasingly important problem as jacking forces, pipe diameters and jacking distances increase. However, there are no standards for pipe reinforcement, for prevention of buckling, or for remedying pipe that buckles when being jacked axially. Past experience suggests that stiffeners can effectively reinforce the structure. This study analyzes the effect of different stiffeners on the stability of steel jacking pipe under axial compression using finite element analysis. The results suggest that the stability of steel jacking pipe can be significantly improved by using orthogonal stiffeners, in terms of engineering costs and construction space inside the pipe. Based on current engineering practice, the application of orthogonal stiffeners is discussed. This study provides a useful reference for the design and construction of steel jacking pipe.     

Symmetry based searching process for initial conditions of passive running

Symmetrical passive running of a simple spring model is commonly used to predict the locomotion of real animals and develop the design strategies for legged systems. If the initial conditions for running can be found automatically, we can expand the ranges of the model parameters freely. To achieve this objective, we derive an efficient searching procedure based on analysis of the symmetries. Using this process, the desired initial states of the passive running are obtained. Existence of the results reveals that the leg symmetries can be used to generate the symmetrical running. Moreover, the leg forces are associated with the running pattern, implying that we should choose suitable motion for the given model characteristics.     

西北村镇集雨下垫面选择的试验研究*

采用设定的雨强、雨质作为试验条件,开展对4种下垫面情况下的模拟降雨实验。测定 CODMn、氨氮、总磷、浊度、UV254指标,得到试验结果如下：降雨径流污染物削减能力从小到大的下垫面为混凝土＜红泥瓦＜水泥土＜粘土砖;同一降雨强度下,集流效率从高到低排列是混凝土＞水泥土＞红泥瓦＞粘土砖。综合考虑集雨效率和对污染物的削减作用,水泥土较适合作为庭院式集流场的集雨材料。     

基于大规模浮动车数据的交叉口转向规则自动提取算法

针对传统电子地图在生成时只包含路网拓扑关系,不具备路口转向规则的自动生成及更新能力,提出了利用大规模浮动车数据自动生成交叉口转向规则的算法.该方法建立转向规则数学表达和存储模型,并依托大规模浮动车数据分析和处理,引入置信点概念,提出基于首尾置信点控制的转向规则自动提取算法;以广州市为例,选取1d的浮动车GPS数据,对提出的算法进行效用评价,实验结果表明提出的算法准确率达90.4％,可准确实现多数交叉口转向规则的自动提取.     

改进的K近邻非参数回归在短时交通流量预测中的应用

针对现有K近邻非参数回归方法的局限,为了进一步提高算法的精度和速度,做出了两方面的改进:利用相关性理论选择状态向量和采用基于聚类分析的变K近邻搜索算法.用仿真实验验证了该方法的有效性,给出了仿真试验结果.实例研究结果表明,预测效果优于传统的非参数回归方法.     

塑料排水板加固高速公路软土路基效果分析

以河北沿海高速公路软土路基塑料排水板超载预压法处理深厚软基的试验结果为基础,对用该方法处理深厚软基的沉降、孔隙水压力、及深层水平位移的变化规律及固结系数进行了分析。     

基于岩石非线性统一强度理论的地下洞室弹塑性分析

采用岩石非线性统一强度理论考虑了岩体的塑性软化特性,利用衬砌与围岩的位移协调条件,对地下圆形洞室进行了弹塑性分析,获得了圆形洞室的应力,洞室变形及塑性区半径的解,这些解既考虑了岩石拉压强度相差较大的特点,又考虑了中间主应力效应及其区间性;既反映了岩石的非线性破坏特征,又可以推广到岩体及节理岩体之中去,有一定的理论及工程应用价值.     

基于Logit模型的路径选择及交通流分配

从出行者的角度出发,根据出行者对路径的选择数据来对原有交通流量分配.给出运用Logit模型进行路径选择调查的过程,研究出行者对诱导路径的选择结果.并以成都市某交叉口在施工条件下的交通组织方案为例进行分析,证明该方法的可行性和有效性.