动力总成悬置动静刚度的应用与影响因素

对发动机动力总成悬置的动刚度和静刚度参数的确定及相互关系进行阐述,提出动力总成悬置匹配计算中关于动、静刚度的一般选取原则,指出影响动刚度值的因素主要有频率、预载荷和动态载荷幅值三个因素。     

城市中心区交通拥堵定价模型及其仿真算法

为改善城市中心区的交通拥堵,以国内城市中心区区域路网为研究对象,以路网车辆整体延误时间最短为优化目标,拥堵收费价格为决策变量,路网饱和度和信号配时为约束条件,建立了拥堵定价优化模型,并给出了基于VISSIM软件的仿真求解方法和步骤.实例仿真结果表明:在城市中心区区域路网采用该定价模型可以找到最优定价及合理的信号配时方案;计算机仿真方法可大幅度降低模型求解难度,并可直观地为交通管理部门制订拥堵定价方案提供理论依据.     

Impact of hilly road information on fuel economy of FCHEV based on parameterization of hilly roads

Under real-life driving conditions, hilly roads are prevalent. Hilly road profile substantially influences fuel economy (FE) due to large impacts (increase or decrease) on power demand profile. Thus, the utilization of future altitude profile information has large potential to improve FE. In this paper, for optimal energy management of fuel cell hybrid electric vehicles (FCHEV), we investigate how much FE could potentially be improved when future altitude profile information is available. In particular, the simulation results are analyzed to justify the reason for this potential improvement and to identify which characteristics of hilly roads leads to large FE improvements. First of all, four statistical parameters are defined to characterize hilly roads: mean value, standard deviation (STD), distance interval (DI), and total distance. Then, several types of virtual hilly roads are generated based on various parameter combinations. In order to evaluate the potential FE improvement two energy management strategies (EMSs) are utilized: the first is Dynamic Programming, which evaluates the globally optimal FE when future hilly road information is available; the other is the Equivalent Consumption Minimization Strategy (ECMS) with adaptive equivalent factor for charge-sustenance, which represents the baseline EMS when future hilly road information is not available. The results show that downhill roads have much larger potential than uphill roads do for FE improvements when the future altitude profile is properly used for EMS. Furthermore, if the battery capacity is not large enough to handle the difference in potential energy, future hilly road information is more important to prevent violations of the maximum state-of-charge bound.     

Road boundary detection and tracking for structured and unstructured roads using a 2D lidar sensor

Road boundaries can give useful information for evaluating safe vehicle paths in intelligent vehicles. Much previous research has studied road boundary detection, using different types of sensors such as vision, radar, and lidar. Lidar sensors, in particular, show advantages for road boundary extraction including high resolution and wide field of view. However, none of the previous studies examined the problem of detecting road boundaries when roads could be either structured or unstructured. In this study, we developed a road boundary detection and tracking algorithm using lidar sensing for both structured and unstructured roads. The algorithm extracts road features as line segments in polar coordinates relative to the lidar sensor. The extracted road features are then tracked with respect to a vehicle’s local coordinates using a nearest neighbor filter. The proposed algorithm accurately detected the road boundaries regardless of the road type.     

基于设计思维的市场调研分析

本文运用各种现实生活中的例子直白讲述设计思维,并把设计思维引入到市场调研中去。文中阐述了市场调研的具体流程及创新性的调研方式,并结合实例着重讲述如何进行用户需求的挖掘。鼓励产品设计者运用设计思维进行用户需求的分析,指导产品设计开发。     

巨型钢框架--拉索支撑体系在水平荷载作用下的破坏性能

为了解巨型钢框架-拉索支撑体系在水平荷载作用下的破坏性能,采用倒三角和均匀分布两种水平加载模式对经抗风抗震优化后的巨型钢框架-拉索支撑结构进行Pushover分析,研究在不同水平加载模式下的出铰顺序,并考察其抗侧刚度及拉索受力特征。研究表明,在倒三角和均匀分布两种加载模式下,结构的出铰顺序基本一致,构件破坏先后顺序为巨型柱肢间支撑、巨型梁腹杆、楼层梁、柱肢。均布加载得到的抗侧刚度大于倒三角分布;拉索退出工作的时间越早,则同一层中另一侧索拉力增加得越快。     

An enhanced safe distance car-following model

Gipps＇ model, a well-known safe distance car-following model, has a very strict restriction on the car-following behavior that the following vehicle has to maintain the exact safe distance to the leading vehicle to avoid rear crash. However, this restriction is not consistent with the real traffic condition. Due to that, an enhanced safe distance car-following model is proposed first, and then calibrated and evaluated using the field data. Furthermore, the simulation is conducted to analyze the characteristics of the new model. The results of evaluation and simulation illustrate that the proposed model has higher simulation accuracy than the original Gipps＇ model, and can reproduce the stable flow and shock wave phenomena that are very common in real traffic. Moreover, the simulation results also prove that the enhanced model can better stabilize the traffic flow than Gipps＇ model.     

钢筋混凝土桩在粘性土中打桩时的混沌效应分析

研究在粘土中打桩出现的混沌现象.首先利用史密斯提出的打桩波动方程作庞加莱截面图,得到打桩中混沌现象的基本特征.接着分析庞加莱截面图,找到贯入度和速度比值最大的点,即为功耗最小的点.同时,通过曲线拟合证明了功耗最小时的锤重和落高满足重锤轻击的施工经验.根据此原理改变冲击力和初值的大小即可得到打桩时不同截面尺寸方形桩和圆形桩功耗最小时所需的锤重和落高.研究结果表明不同截面尺寸的方形桩和圆形桩与其桩顶冲击力,落高和锤重满足一定的关系曲线,因此施工中根据它们的函数关系选取相应的锤重和落高可以节省功耗,降低造价.     

基于工作流的固定资产管理平台设计与实现

针对当前政府部门的固定资产管理需求,采用j2ee平台、java编程语言和oracle数据库来设计并实现一个综合性较强的基于工作流的固定资产管理平台。分析了工作流技术在固定资产管理系统设计中的应用,建立了基于工作流技术的固定资产管理系统模型。平台的用户管理采用统一用户管理系统,构建一种能够同时满足多个异构系统的统一用户认证、统一用户管理的安全平台。该平台满足政府部门的日常办公需求,降低办公成本,提高了办公效率,改进和完善了工作手段与方式,实现了固定资产管理平台的信息化、网络化和智能化。     

高寒地区集包线某运营铁路隧道渗漏水及冻害整治技术

以内蒙古集包铁路某隧道渗漏水整治问题为研究对象,对工程概况进行介绍,并从隧道病害分类、产生原因、整治方法、整治效果等方面对高寒地区运营铁路隧道渗漏水及冻害整治技术进行阐述与分析,主要应采用注浆与加热保温相结合的综合整治技术。实践证明,所采用的整治技术在高寒地区渗漏水整治中实施效果良好,有较好的施工进度和经济性。