汽车节能及我国近期发展重点

文章从发动机对汽车油耗的影响、整车结构、汽车的使用3方面分析了影响汽车油耗的主要因素,同时介绍了目前国外汽车节能的主要途径与措施以及近期我国重点推广的汽车节能技术及产品.     

远洋船舶空调系统部分负荷运行特性及变频节能

分析了船舶中央空调系统部分负荷运行特性，建立了动态传热数学模型，并应用热反应系数法对欧．亚航线沿途空调舱室渗入热、显热、全热动态负荷进行了计算。实船测试数据和计算结果表明：航行于欧．亚航线的远洋船舶的空调系统90％以上时间工作在额定负荷的40％-85％，变频空调系统具有节能和调节质量高的优点，空调压缩机采用变频控制可节能39．1％。     

铁路智能运输系统发展战略研究

从中国铁路智能运输系统（ＲＩＴＳ）的概念、发展目标和内容、技术路线及示范工程等多个方面，系统研究了我国ＲＩＴＳ发展战略问题，并对ＲＩＴＳ的发展框架进行了探讨。     

Prediction method of hydrodynamic forces acting on the hull of a blunt-body ship in the even keel condition

The mathematical modeling group (MMG) model is well known and is widely used in the field of ship maneuverability. However, the MMG model can be applied only after determination of the hydrodynamic coefficients either from comprehensive captive model tests or from general empirical data. Around the cruising speed, when a ship's drift angle is relatively small, several methods have been developed to predict hydrodynamic coefficients from the ship's principal particulars, e.g., Kijima's method. Kijima's method is efficient in predicting the ship's maneuverability at the initial design stage and is even able to assess the effect of changes in stern design. Similarly, for the low speed range when a ship's drift angle is relatively large, several methods for predicting the ship's hydrodynamic coefficients have been proposed, based on captive model tests, such as those by Kose, Kobayashi, and Yumuro. However, most of the methods developed for low speeds cannot be applied to general ship types without additional experiments being performed. In contrast, Karasuno's method uses theoretical and empirical approaches to predict the hydrodynamic forces, even for large drift motions. Although Karasuno's model utilizes the ship's principal particulars and is applicable to a general vessel, it has not been widely used. This is because the form of Karasuno's model is relatively complicated and its accuracy around the cruising speed is less than that for other methods that have been specifically developed for the cruising speed range. A practical method for predicting hydrodynamic forces for the entire operating speed range of blunt-body ships is proposed in this article. It is based on the MMG model and predicts hydrodynamic coefficients based on a ship's principal particulars. A regression model for the proposed method has also been proposed by analyzing 21 different blunt-body ships. Finally, simulations of a very large 4-m crude carrier (VLCC) model using the proposed method were carried out and the results compared with free-running experiments (both at the cruising speed and at low speeds) to validate the efficacy of the model.     

一种道岔人工破底清筛的新方法

文章介绍了一种新的提速道岔破底清筛方法,详细地阐述了提速道岔清筛施工方案选择、施工组织、作业程序、技术标准及施工注意事项等。     

海床冲淤模型中长周期动力代表数据输入的概化研究

海床冲淤变换属于长期行为,其海洋动力输入条件的概化处理是模型初始输入动力条件的一个关键问题。在本文中,利用波浪、潮流二维泥沙数学模型对长周期动力海床模型中代表数据输入的概化条件作了进一步的研究:采用比较代表条件与真实条件下多年实测平均海床冲淤强度近似以及把潮周期中具有平均意义的波浪过程概化要素叠加到潮流场中的方法分别对实际潮流、波浪数据进行概化处理的方法来模拟波流共同作用下的海床地形演变过程。并对黄河三角洲的胜利油田海区、岸线进行了验证计算。     

法国—意大利高速公路电子装置及道路养护一瞥

文章介绍了法国尼斯－意大利威尼斯一级高速公路的电子装置和道路养护管理。     

沥青路面平整度影响因素浅析

通过多条高等级公路的实地调查，找出影响沥青平整度的各种影响因素，并通过因果分析提出相应对策。     

城市交通的制度性设计

基于对各种城市交通方式在公平、经济、环保、空间利用、能源消耗等方面的比较分析，得出优先发展公共交通，鼓励“群体交通”，限制私人交通的制度性设计，并提出了实施思路。