液舱晃荡与浮体非线性耦合运动分析(英文)

Nonlinear interactions among incident wave, tank-sloshing and floating body coupling motion are investigated. The fully nonlinear sloshing and body-surface nonlinear free surface hydrodynamics is simulated using a Non-Uniform Rational B-Spline (NURBS) higher-order panel method in time domain based on the potential theory. A robust and stable improved iterative procedure (Yan and Ma, 2007) for floating bodies is used for calculating the time derivative of velocity potential and floating body motion. An energy dissipation condition based on linear theory adopted by Huang (2011) is developed to consider flow viscosity effects of sloshing flow in nonlinear model. A two-dimensional tank model test was performed to identify its validity. The present nonlinear coupling sway motion results are subsequently compared with the corresponding Rognebakke and Faltinsen (2003)’s experimental results, showing fair agreement. Thus, the numerical approach presented in this paper is expected to be very efficient and realistic in evaluating the coupling effects of nonlinear sloshing and body motion.     

粘流方法的螺旋桨尾流场数值分析(英文)

The computational fluid dynamics(CFD) method is used to numerically simulate a propeller wake flow field in open water.A sub-domain hybrid mesh method was adopted in this paper.The computation domain was separated into two sub-domains,in which tetrahedral elements were used in the inner domain to match the complicated geometry of the propeller,while hexahedral elements were used in the outer domain.The mesh was locally refined on the propeller surface and near the wake flow field,and a size function was used to control the growth rate of the grid.Sections at different axial location were used to study the spatial evolution of the propeller wake in the region ranging from the disc to one propeller diameter(D) downstream.The numerical results show that the axial velocity fluctuates along the wake flow;radial velocity,which is closely related to vortices,attenuates strongly.The trailing vortices interact with the tip vortex at the blades’ trailing edge and then separate.The strength of the vortex shrinks rapidly,and the radius decreases 20% at one diameter downstream.     

撞角球鼻艏形式和参数变化对阻力影响的研究

通过数值计算及模型试验确定了撞角球鼻艏形式和参数对阻力的影响。针对3个形式各异的球鼻艏方案,开展了CFD计算和模型试验,结果显示:当傅汝德数为0.28时,撞角球鼻艏的剩余阻力系数比无球鼻艏的剩余阻力系数约小20%。以8个主要参数各异的撞角球鼻艏方案为对象,采用CFD技术分析了撞角球鼻艏的参数变化对兴波阻力的影响,并确定了撞角球鼻艏的宽度比和纵向长度比对兴波阻力系数的影响。     

An Experimental Study on the Dynamic Response Characteristics of Variable Valve Timing Mechanism

为一台可变气门正时(VVT)发动机的配气相位调节器开发了一套可变气门正时机构的测试系统,完成了机油控制阀(OCV)工质流量特性的测试.分析了VVT动态响应特性的测试原理.借助该测试系统,测得不同的OCV、转速、温度和压力时相位器的动态响应曲线.最后进行了相位器泄漏量的测试.     

The Effects of Gear Shaft Deformation on Gear Contact State in Transmission

建立了变速器齿轮与齿轮轴系统的有限元模型,并对其进行有限元分析,以计算齿轮轴变形和轮齿接触应力,分析变速器齿轮轴变形对齿面接触状态的影响.通过与经典方法计算结果的比较,表明所建立的齿轮与齿轮轴系统有限元模型,不但可准确计算齿轮轴变形和齿面接触应力,且能综合分析齿轮轴变形对齿面接触区域的载荷分布、轮齿间载荷分配和齿面接触应力的影响,为更全面、精确分析变速器齿轮的齿面接触状态和载荷分布,预测齿轮疲劳寿命提供依据.     

A Study on the Safety Design of Crash Structure in a Fuel Cell Car

探讨某款燃料电池轿车碰撞结构安全设计的思路,阐述其具体设计,并借助有限元法对该车模型进行了碰撞模拟,根据模拟结果进行了改进设计,并验证改进设计的有效性.结果表明改进后的碰撞结构安全设计可行、有效.     

发动机曲轴轴承的多目标综合优化

选取曲轴轴承总平均摩擦功耗和曲轴质量为目标,采用指数曲线式惯性权值递减策略的粒子群算法,对某4缸发动机曲轴轴承进行多目标综合优化.优化结果与原机和单目标优化结果的对比表明,多目标综合优化,与原机相比,曲轴轴承总平均摩擦功耗减少26.2％,曲轴质量减小5.3％,比单目标优化也稍有改善.     

图线法确定汽车制动力的分配比

汽车在制动过程中,为保证汽车具有足够的制动强度,ECE-R13对制动强度与道路附着系数关系提出了明确规定,汽车制动力分配系数选择应在此规定范围内。汽车前、后轴车轮分别抱死为汽车制动强度达到极限值的下临界值,将计算得到的抱死状态时的制动强度与附着系数函数图与规定图线相比较,就可以快速得到制动力分配比的取值范围。     

基于Alias的汽车CAS曲面造型

随着时代的发展,汽车造型的更替越来越快,汽车的设计开发成为了一个公司成功的金钥匙,Alias作为一款目前主流的汽车三维模型制作软件,已经在市场中逐步展现出强大的生命力,文中首先阐述Alias软件的特点,以及汽车A面的概念,然后通过对比现代与传统汽车的开发流程突出Alias在汽车曲面造型上的优势,最后通过一个完整的汽车设计开发流程实例阐述Alias在汽车A面的制作过程中所体现出来的优势。     

基于横向安全距离模型的主动避障算法

现有的安全距离模型是基于纵向相对车速或减速度值建立的,没有考虑移动目标的横向运动特性。本文利用移动目标横穿马路的速度、相对位置,建立横向安全距离模型,并提出一种基于横向安全距离模型的主动避障算法。首先,根据横向移动目标横穿马路的速度、相对位置和自车的制动距离建立横向安全距离模型,设计主动避障算法。接着,为计及路面条件对制动效果的影响,引入当前行驶路面估算的附着系数峰值估算最大制动减速度,约束目标避障减速度,并调整制动强度,以适应不同路况的安全避障行驶。最后,以典型横向移动目标骑行者作为研究对象,通过PreScan/Simulink/CarSim联合仿真验证避障算法的有效性。结果表明:基于横向安全距离模型的主动避障算法能有效避免与骑行者碰撞,提高行车的主动安全性。