增压器常见故障原因分析

本文通过分析增压器常见故障的原因,提出实际工作中各种故障的判断方法和应采取的处理方法。     

南京地铁1号线国产闸瓦试验研究

目前,国内绝大部分地铁列车采用价格高昂的进口合成闸瓦,在很大程度上影响列车运营维护成本。介绍了南京地铁1号线国产闸瓦研发和试验情况。在进行试验台试验、试车线试验、小批量与整列车制动性能试验基础上,通过性能对比,国产闸瓦的各项性能指标已经达到和超过了进口闸瓦,满足地铁车辆制动性能要求,表明国产闸瓦已经具备替代进口闸瓦条件。     

简论南京地铁新车调试

地铁建设是一项系统工程,综合性强,技术复杂,各子系统接口多。近年来,在地铁建设过程中新车调试作为一个独立环节,越来越受到国内外一些地铁公司的高度重视。新车的调试成功为系统总联调和大系统的顺利运转,提供了坚实的基础,车辆调试工作在地铁运营建设中占有极其重要的地位,总结新车调试的具体内容及其关键项,并提出一些建议,希望对以后的车辆调试工作提供借鉴与帮助。     

地方独立坐标系与WGS-84坐标系转换方法及应用

根据n(n≥3)个点的地方独立坐标及对应的WGS-84坐标,结合平面坐标转换模型、布尔莎模型和三维坐标差转换模型,完成了地方独立坐标系与WGS-84坐标系转换参数的计算。基于该转换模型,利用Google Earth COM API、LibKML等开发接口,完成了AutoCAD数字地形图数据到Google Earth上的三维表示。     

山砂CA砂浆的正交试验研究

利用机制山砂(MFA)代替河砂进行了板式无砟轨道用CA砂浆的配制研究工作,通过对山砂CA砂浆(MCAM)的以抗压强度和流动性为验证指标的正交试验,初步证明了机制山砂应用于CA砂浆中的可能性和各原材料之间的相适性。试验结果表明:"乌江"水泥与专用沥青乳液是相适的;对山砂CA砂浆28 d抗压强度影响因素由大到小依次为水泥、乳化沥青和山砂;水泥与乳化沥青的比值C/A值宜控制在0.6～0.7之间;山砂CA砂浆28 d抗压强度可以达到1.8 MPa以上,甚至达到3.0 MPa。     

基于层次分析法的境外轨道交通公私合作模式风险分析方法

针对境外轨道交通PPP(公私合作)投融资模式项目的特点,采用风险核对表进行风险识别,确定主要风险因素.应用层次分析法建立了境外轨道交通PPP融资模式的风险评价模型,构造各层次的判断矩阵,并分别计算相关特征量进行判断矩阵的一致性检验,实现了各风险因素的总排序.该方法使得风险的分析更反映项目实际,可为中国企业参与境外城市轨道交通项目的投标决策提供帮助.     

基于压电陶瓷的轨道振动能量采集方法

提出一种轨道竖向振动能量采集的新方法.基于轨道竖向振动的激励模型,建立轨道竖向振动理论模型;基于压电陶瓷,建立轨道振动能量转换耦合模型.初步探讨了轨道振动能量采集对轨道安全性的影响,同时对轨道振动能量采集的规模和最佳负载进行了初步估算.结果表明,电能以短暂、爆发性的方式输出,需要匹配快速能量回收电路与储能元件.所提出的轨道振动能量采集方法为轨道竖向振动能量采集、回收和再利用提供了一种可能的途径.     

Surf-riding and oscillations of a ship in quartering waves

The behavior of a ship encountering large regular waves from astern at low frequency is the object of investigation, with a parallel study of surf-riding and periodic motion paterns. First, the theoretical analysis of surf-riding is extended from purely following to quartering seas. Steady-state continuation is used to identify all possible surf-riding states for one wavelength. Examination of stability indicates the existence of stable and unstable states and predicts a new type of oscillatory surf-riding. Global analysis is also applied to determine the areas of state space which lead to surf-riding for a given ship and wave conditions. In the case of overtaking waves, the large rudder-yaw-surge oscillations of the vessel are examined, showing the mechanism and conditions responsible for loss of controllability at certain vessel headings.List of symbols c wave celerity (m/s) - C(p) roll damping moment (Ntm) - g acceleration of gravity (m/s²) - GM metacentric height (m) - H wave height (m) - I _x ,I _z roll and yaw ship moments of inertia (kg m²) - k wave number (m^–1) - K _H ,K _W ,K _R hull reaction, wave, rudder, and propeller - K _p forces in the roll direction (Ntm) - m ship mass (kg) - n propeller rate of rotation (rpm) - N _H ,N _W ,N _R hull reaction, wave, rudder, and propeller - N _P moments in the yaw direction (Ntm) - p roll angular velocity (rad/s) - r rate-of-turn (rad/s) - R(,x) restoring moment (Ntm) - Res(u) ship resistance (Nt) - t time (s) - u surge velocity (m/s) - U vessel speed (m/s) - v sway velocity (m/s) - W ship weight (Nt) - x longitudinal position of the ship measured from the wave system (m) - x _G ,z _G longitudinal and vertical center of gravity (m) - x _S longitudinal position of a ship section (S), in the ship-fixed system (m) - X _H ,X _W ,X _R hull reaction, wave, rudder, and propeller - X _P forces in the surge direction (Nt) - y transverse position of the ship, measured from the wave system (m) - Y _H ,Y _W ,Y _R hull reaction, wave, rudder, and propeller - Y _p forces in the sway direction (Nt) - z _Y vertical position of the point of action of the lateral reaction force during turn (m) - z _W vertical position of the point of action of the lateral wave force (m) Greek symbols angle of drift (rad) - rudder angle (rad) - wavelength (m) - position of the ship in the earth-fixed system (m) - water density (kg/m³) - angle of heel (rad) - heading angle (rad) - _e frequency of encounter (rad/s) Hydrodynamic coefficients K roll added mass - N _v ,N _r yaw acceleration coefficients - N _v N _r N _rr N _rrv ,N _vvr yaw velocity coefficients K. Spyrou: Ship behavior in quartering waves - X _u surge acceleration coefficient - X _u X _vr surge velocity coefficients - Y _v ,Y _r sway acceleration coefficients - Y _v ,Y _r ,Y _vv ,Y _rr ,Y _vr sway velocity coefficients European Union-nominated Fellow of the Science and Technology Agency of Japan, Visiting Researcher, National Research Institute of Fisheries Engineering of Japan     

Performance indicators for transit management

Transit performance can be evaluated through quantitative indicators. As the provision of efficient and effective transit service are appropriate goals to be encouraged by federal and state governments, these goals are used to develop performance indicators.Three efficiency and four effectiveness indicators are described, together with two overall indicators. These nine indicators are analyzed for comparability utilizing operating and financial data collected from public transit agencies in California.Performance indicators selected for this study should not be viewed as final. Twenty-one performance indicators proposed by previous studies were reviewed. Theoretical considerations and unavailability or unreliability of data caused omission of several useful measures like passenger-miles. Circumstances such as improved data, emphasis upon goals other than efficiency and effectiveness, and local conditions might warrant the inclusion of indicators deleted from this research.This paper is based on work conducted for the Urban Mass Transportation Administration under University Research and Training Grant CA-11-0014, Development of Performance Indicators for Transit. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the University of California or the United States Government. We are indebted to John Feren for assistance with the statistical processing and data gathering.     

高压共轨喷油器精密偶件的泄漏分析

高压共轨电控喷油系统中，随着燃油喷射压力的大幅度提高，燃油的粘度-压力效应、粘度-温度效应凸显。作者分析了高压共轨喷油器精密偶件中的泄漏问题，得出的结论是：考虑了燃油的粘压效应、粘温效应后实际的泄漏量并不十分严重；如果考虑油液的极化效应、进口起始段的效应以及环形槽的影响，实际泄漏量可能还会减小。