养生作用对硫沥青性能影响分析

硫磺部分替代传统石油沥青用于道路工程建设可减少石油沥青用量,降低施工能源消耗,促进工业废渣中硫磺的回收利用,具有较高的经济和环保价值。为探究硫磺掺量（质量分数）及养生作用对硫沥青（SEA）性能的影响,采用差示扫描量热仪（DSC）验证硫沥青中硫磺的重结晶现象,对养生前后硫沥青的基本物理性能和黏度进行分析,并采用动态剪切流变仪（DSR）和弯曲梁流变仪（BBR）对养生前后硫沥青的流变特性和疲劳性能进行评价,最后借助荧光显微镜（FM）观察养生前、后硫磺在沥青中的微观分布特性。研究结果表明：养生后高硫磺掺量的硫沥青DSC曲线出现吸热峰,硫沥青（特别是高硫磺掺量下）的劲度有所增加,因此对硫沥青进行养生使其性能稳定后再进行相关性能评价更具现实意义;硫磺掺量较低（≤ 10%）时,硫磺主要以溶解硫的形式存在于沥青中起到软化沥青的作用,因此沥青的低温变形能力有所改善,但其高温抗变形能力有所降低;当硫磺掺量较高（≥ 35%）时,硫磺主要以重结晶的形式悬浮在沥青中使沥青变硬,在增加沥青高温抗变形能力的同时也牺牲了其低温抗裂能力;硫磺掺量较低时,硫沥青黏度随着硫磺掺量的增加而降低;硫磺掺量较高时,硫沥青90℃和105℃黏度随着硫磺掺量的增加而增加,但硫沥青120℃和135℃黏度相差不大,同时硫磺加入最高可降低沥青的施工温度达20℃;线性振幅扫描（LAS）试验结果表明,养生后的硫沥青疲劳寿命比基质沥青长,其中35%硫沥青疲劳性能最佳;硫磺掺量进一步增加,硫沥青疲劳寿命缩短至与基质沥青相近;FM分析表明,硫磺掺量不高于5%时,硫磺全部溶解于沥青中,且养生后硫磺未重结晶,相应硫沥青无荧光性;硫磺掺量高于5%时,硫磺在沥青中分布均匀,养生后10%硫沥青中硫晶斑尺寸和面积显著增大,高硫磺掺量硫沥青中硫晶斑面积仅略有增加。     

冰区航行中船体结构冰压力分布特性的离散元分析

冰区船舶表面冰压力分布规律是其结构安全预警和冰载荷监测的重要辅助信息.本文采用基于GPU(Graphics Processing Unit)并行和粘结-破碎模型的离散元方法模拟平整冰在不同冰况条件下的破碎过程,进而获得船体结构表面的冰压力分布和大小.在冰压力的计算中,考虑时间上的累积效应,即累积最大值和累积平均值,从多个角度分析了船体结构表面的冰压力危险区域和冰压力分布特性.通过船体结构直行破冰的离散元模拟,分析了船体结构的总体冰载荷和局部冰压力.为验证本文方法在船体结构冰压力分析中的可靠性,根据冰载荷的IACS规范计算了船体结构与大块浮冰自由碰撞过程,对比分析了碰撞点上的冰压力.计算结果表明,离散元计算结果与规范对比误差保持在6.7％～18.1％之间.本文方法为冰区船舶的设计研发提供了可靠的分析手段,其计算结果可为船体结构的冰区航行安全预警和冰载荷监测提供合理的辅助决策信息.     

调距桨轴内油管强度和疲劳寿命分析

对调距桨传动轴内的油管工作状况和受力情况进行分析,对4个关键工况(正车、倒车、稳态1和稳态2)进行较详细的应力和强度计算;根据3S-S-N线图对油管疲劳强度进行可靠性分析;最后,通过油管试样的疲劳试验数据估算油管的S-N曲线,从而进行疲劳寿命预测.文章所采用的方法可为调距桨轴内油管的强度设计和使用寿命计算提供参考.     

带护套的高速永磁同步电动机转子涡流损耗及其径向分布解析模型

本文提出一种针对带有护套的高速永磁同步电机转子涡流损耗及其径向分布的解析模型.模型基于子域法将护套和永磁体子域径向分域,通过计算每个细分区域产生的涡流损耗进而得到转子涡流损耗的径向分布.为提高模型的计算精度,通过扩散方程和磁导模型分别考虑了涡流反作用和定子开槽的影响.利用该解析模型计算了不同气隙长度,不同护套材料及其厚度对转子涡流损耗的影响.最后采用有限元的方法对解析模型进行验证,证明解析模型的正确性.     

Micro-Grinding Performance of Hard-Brittle Chip Materials in Precision Micro-Grinding Microgroove

The micro-structure on hard-brittle chip materials (HBCMs) surface can produce predominant functions and features. The micro-grinding with diamond wheel micro-tip is an efficient method to machine microstructure on HBCMs. However, different HBCMs and crystal orientation may have a significant influence on the micro-grinding performance. In this paper, the micro-grinding performance along different crystal orientation of HBCMs is investigated. First, a dressed 600^# diamond grinding wheel is used to micro-grind micro-structure on HBCMs. Then, the experiment of micro-grinding force test is completed. Finally, the quality of microgroove, the grinding ratio and the micro-grinding force are investigated and they are related to the crystal orientation of HBCMs. It is shown that the stronger resistance to the micro-crack propagation has the best quality of microgroove and the smallest grinding ratio. Moreover, the hardest single-crystal SiC has the best machinability and the micro-grinding force is 38.9%, 10.8% and 46.8% less than the one of sapphire, single-crystal Si and quartz glass, respectively. The direction to micro-grind easily is the crystal orientation 〈10\(\overline 1 \)0〉 for single-crystal SiC and sapphire. In addition, the micro-grinding force increases with the increase of the micro-grinding depth and feed rate and decreases with the increase of the grinding wheel speed.     

济南轨道交通R1线工程新技术探索及应用

R1线是济南首条轨道交通线路,在工程建造过程中探索、应用了多项绿色技术,详细介绍结构工程中的清水混凝土技术,深基坑支护及稳定性控制技术,混凝土刚性防水技术及预制构件应用技术;车辆基地上盖物业开发和建筑废弃物再利用技术;设备系统中的可调通风型站台门和隧道嵌装型蒸发冷凝技术等改造工艺,以及"海绵"设施应用、高架车站光伏发电和中压能馈等自然资源利用技术,以期为后续济南和其他城市轨道交通建设提供参考和借鉴。     

快慢车模式下基于扣除系数的线路通过能力研究

采用扣除系数法对快慢车模式下的城市轨道交通线路通过能力展开研究。先根据扣除系数理论设定基准列车,并以某线路若干个中间站为例设定列车越行的判定条件;然后确定模糊开行比例范围、铺画5种不同开行比例及越行次数的列车运行图,并分别列出扣除系数、损失通过能力及实际通过能力的计算表达式。最后以上海轨道交通16号线为例,结合线路输送能力及客流需求进行对比分析,确定高峰时段线路通过能力最佳的开行比例。     

Research on the Influence of Vertical Deformation of Bridge on the Track RegularityEI北大核心

Research purposes: The vertical deformation of high-speed railway (HSR) bridge will cause the track irregularity, which threatens the safe and efficient operation of the HSR. Taking the 32 m simple supported beam bridge as the research object, based on the existing mapping analytical model for bridge vertical deformation and rail geometry, the influence of the track regularity of the CRTS Ⅰ slab ballastless track structure caused by the key parameters such as the bridge vertical deformation amplitude, the hanging length of the beam end and the vertical stiffness of mortar layer were studied, and the corresponding measures to control the rail deformation were proposed, to provide theoretical reference for comprehensive treatment of rail deformation of HSR bridge. Research conclusions:(1) The pier settlement, the vertical rotation of the beam end and the beam fault will cause the rail to follow the beam deformation, and "up-warping" of the rail on the vertical deformation boundary will appear. (2) The rail deformation is directly proportional to the vertical deformation amplitude of the bridge and the key to control the rail deformation is to reduce the vertical deformation of the bridge. (3) The rail deformation can be controlled by reducing the hanging length of beam and vertical stiffness of mortar layer. (4) The research results can provide a theoretical reference for controlling the vertical rail deformation of high-speed railway bridges. © 2018, Editorial Department of Journal of Railway Engineering Society. All right reserved.     

The Reinforcement Analysis of Prestressed Anchor Frame Beam in the Deep Cutting Slope under Three Dimensional Strong EarthquakeEI北大核心

Research purposes: In order to further study the reinforcement of prestressed anchor frame beam in the deep cutting slope under three dimensional strong earthquake, a model of the deep cutting slope is built through FLAC 3D simulation software, the seismic wave to the model from three directions of x,y and z is input, and the dynamic response of the slope is analyzed. Then, the prestressed anchor frame beam reinforcement measures are applied to the model, and this paper analyzes the reinforcement effect of the prestressed anchor frame beam to the deep cutting slope under three dimensional strong earthquake. Research conclusions:(1) The prestressed anchor frame beam has a good effect on restraining the horizontal displacement of the deep cutting slope. (2) Under the three dimensional strong earthquake, the prestressed anchor frame beam has a good effect on the horizontal acceleration and horizontal velocity of the deep cutting slope, which reduces the peak of horizontal acceleration and horizontal velocity. (3) Through the comparison of the response before and after the reinforcement of the prestressed anchor frame beam is given under the 9 degrees three dimensional strong earthquake, it can be concluded that the prestressed anchor frame beam can provide good reinforcement effect to the deep cutting slope. (4) This research can be used for reference to the earthquake resistance of the slope engineering. © 2018, Editorial Department of Journal of Railway Engineering Society. All right reserved.     

成灌铁路计算机联锁系统的设计与实现

成灌铁路是我国第一条通车运营的市域铁路,联锁系统采用TYJL-ADX型二乘二取二计算机联锁。该系统是在既有结构的基础上,按市域铁路信号系统的技术要求开发完成。介绍了成灌铁路计算机联锁系统的硬件构成,软件的显著特点,新增客运专线信号机点灯控制功能的设计方法,无配线车站控制功能的软件实现等,以及对一次解锁等功能的探讨与研究。