Adaptive neuron control using an integrated error approach with application to active suspensions

This paper proposes a new neuron control strategy for an active vehicle suspension system, with the emphasis on the study of multivariable and uncertain suspension characteristics. The novelty of this strategy is in the use of integrated error, which consists of multiple output errors in the regulated plant. By combining the integrated error approach with the traditional neuron control (TNC), integrated error neuron control (IENC) is presented. It provides a direct control to the multiple outputs of the control plant simultaneously. Taking a quarter-car model as an example, the proposed control strategy is applied and comparative simulations are carried out with various vehicle parameters and road input conditions. Simulation results prove the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed IENC method. In addition, the newly proposed neuron scheme provides a simple yet efficient new possibility for the control of a class of uncertain multivariable systems similar to an active vehicle suspension.     

提升沥青路面抗水损害能力措施综述

水损害是道路工程领域持续关注的问题。为了提升沥青路面抗水损害能力,缓解沥青路面水损害,该文综合梳理了国内外相关文献,在分析水损害机理的基础上,对提升沥青路面抗水损害能力措施进行了总结与评价。结果表明:合理选择原材料,添加抗剥落剂,优化路面结构、控制施工质量等措施均可以提高沥青路面抗水损害能力,但应根据具体的情况综合考虑加以选择,才能相得益彰。     

Aspects of the stability of jack-up spud-can foundations

A three-level procedure for assessing jack-up foundation stability for more or less homogenous soils is described. The objective is to provide a rational framework for these assessments that ensures their safe operation in extended year-round operations and enables their use in deeper waters than at present.

The three levels of the procedure have to be entered successively as long as foundation stability cannot be proven. The first level is a screening exercise and essentially replaces the well-known preload check. The second level compares factored foundation loads resulting from a structural analysis with foundation capacities obtained with ultimate bearing capacity formulae. The most refined third level assesses whether the displacements associated with these loads lead to an acceptable situation, i.e. capacity increase and/or load redistribution that does not result in collapse of the jack-up unit.

Since, for maximum benefit, this third-stage analysis requires a non-linear foundation model to be linked with the structural package used: such a tool is provided in the paper. Examples are given to demonstrate the impact of the assessment procedure.

This procedure forms part of the overall in-house approach to the assessment of jack-ups and has already been offered to the jack-up industry as part of the continuing efforts towards establishing common and accepted standards for jack-up assessments. Further developments have been identified and will be pursued.     

Changes in perceived travel cost and time for the work trip during a period of increasing gasoline costs

This study was designed to examine the relationship between actual and perceived values of cost and time for the work trip and to examine how perceptions have changed over a period of dramatically increased travel costs. Variations in the relationship between perceived and actual values were examined as a function of situational and attitudinal variables. Two telephone surveys were conducted one year apart (Fall 1978 and Fall 1979). On the next working day following a survey, a research assistant recreated the respondent's work trip, recorded time values and used distance measures, car type information and parking costs to compute travel cost. The first survey revealed that most auto users were unable to articulate dollars-and-cents driving costs for the work trip, but auto users in the second survey were able to provide fairly accurate cost estimates. Dramatic changes in fuel prices between surveys is probably the main reason for the change in driving cost awareness. Auto users were also asked to rate relative costs of driving a car compared to using the bus for the work trip. These ratings showed that auto users tended to underestimate driving costs relative to bus costs, but this tendency decreased from the first to the second time period. Commuters in all modal groups at both time periods tended to overestimate travel times. Perception of travel time varied as a function of mode, perceived comfort (for car users), and perceived convenience and number of transfers (for bus users).To whom correspondence should be addressed.     

便捷低碳出行与优质公共交通体系

“公交都市”倡导的可持续发展理念为公共交通发展指引了方向并得到广泛认可。然而,对“公交都市”理念的误解和在实际行动中的偏离,使得最初的目标往往难以实现。首先分析公交出行分担率的作用和特征,指出建设“公交都市”不应过分看重公交出行分担率的短期提高,公共交通体系的建设应聚焦便捷和低碳目标。提出优质的公共交通体系应是由功能分层清晰、覆盖各层次服务水平要求的多种公共交通方式组合形成一体化体系。最后,以便捷低碳为纲要,从轨道交通系统、公共汽（电）车系统、辅助公交系统三方面探讨构筑优质公共交通体系的途径。     

济南轨道交通R1线工程新技术探索及应用

R1线是济南首条轨道交通线路,在工程建造过程中探索、应用了多项绿色技术,详细介绍结构工程中的清水混凝土技术,深基坑支护及稳定性控制技术,混凝土刚性防水技术及预制构件应用技术;车辆基地上盖物业开发和建筑废弃物再利用技术;设备系统中的可调通风型站台门和隧道嵌装型蒸发冷凝技术等改造工艺,以及"海绵"设施应用、高架车站光伏发电和中压能馈等自然资源利用技术,以期为后续济南和其他城市轨道交通建设提供参考和借鉴。     

基于有限元法的船用浮筏隔振系统仿真计算

采用有限元法对某船用浮筏隔振装置的静态特性、固有振动特性、隔振效果和抗冲击性能进行了数值分析，并对浮筏隔振装置的隔振效果进行了测试，浮筏隔振装置的加速度振级落差实验台架测试结果超过35dB，测试结果表明文中的数值分析方法是可行的．     

穿浪双体船兴波阻力研究

对穿浪双体船（WavePiereingCatamaran,简称WPC）兴波阻力理论计算方法进行了研究,在此基础上对一艘穿浪双体船模型的兴波阻力进行了理论计算,并将理论计算结果与模型试验结果、25°系列阻力图谱计算结果进行比较,探讨了片体修长系数、片体间距对WPC兴波阻力影响的规律。     

自主神经功能检测对早期糖尿病自主神经功能损害的诊断价值

目的评价自主神经功能检测对早期糖尿病自主神经功能损害的诊断价值。方法50例2型糖尿病患者进行自主神经功能检查,即交感皮肤反应和心血管自主神经功能检测,并与30名健康人进行对比分析。结果糖尿病患者自主神经功能检测中交感皮肤反应,瓦氏比值和深呼吸时心率变异与对照组比较均有显著性差异(P<0.05),三者的异常率分别为70%,46%和50%;以交感皮肤反应的异常率最高,尤其以双下肢明显。立卧位血压差和冰水试验与对照组比较无显著性差异(P>0.05),其异常率分别为12%和16%。结论检测外周器官自主神经功能状态的方法中以交感皮肤反应的阳性率最高,可以作为检测早期糖尿病自主神经功能的常规筛选检查。     

重庆鱼洞长江大桥轻轨接口工程设计

建设中的重庆鱼洞长江大桥工程总长11.06km,其主桥为(145 2×260 145)m连续刚构桥,是目前世界上最大的公轨共用且无特殊处理的连续刚构桥。本文介绍了该工程为满足后期轻轨建设而进行的接口工程设计内容。