Airline emission charges: Effects on airfares,service quality,and aircraft design

This paper explores the effect of airline emissions charges on airfares, airline service quality, aircraft design features, and network structure, using a detailed and realistic theoretical model of competing duopoly airlines. These impacts are derived by analyzing the effects of an increase in the effective price of fuel, which is the path by which emissions charges will alter airline choices. The results show that emission charges will raise fares, reduce flight frequency, increase load factors, and raise aircraft fuel efficiency, while having no effect on aircraft size. Given that these adjustments occur in response to the treatment of an emissions externality that is currently unaddressed, they represent efficient changes that move society closer to a social optimum.     

基于LabVIEW与PLC的船舶柴油机监控系统

设计了基于LabVIEW与PLC船舶柴油机监控系统。上位机采用LabVIEW软件实现,下位机采用西门子可编程控制器S7-300PLC。通过S7-300及CP340模块,对船舶柴油机的油压、油温、水位、开关量等进行监控;利用OPC标准驱动方式和LabVIEW中的Data Socket实现了上位机与下位机的实时通讯,实现了良好的人机界面与可靠的系统控制。经实际运行表明该系统功能强、性能好、可取性高,能满足船舶航行的要求。     

浅谈交通行业的采标工作

采用国际标准和国我先进国家标准是我国的一项重要的技术经济政策，为此应予以高度重视，并将这项工作做好。     

Application of genetic algorithms for joint optimization of signal setting parameters and dynamic traffic assignment for the real network data

This paper presents the joint optimization of signal setting parameters and dynamic user equilibrium (DUE) traffic assignment for the congested urban road network. The simulation-based approach is employed to obtain the DUE condition for the case of multiple-origin multiple-destination traffic flows. The dynamic traffic assignment simulation program (DTASP), developed in C language is used to assign the traffic dynamically on the road network, whereas method of successive averages (MSA) is modified and used to arrive at the DUE condition. The artificial intelligence technique of genetic algorithms (GAs) is applied to obtain the optimal signal setting parameters and path flow distribution factor for DUE condition. The methodology developed in such a way that joint optimization of signal setting parameters with DUE is obtained. The proposed method is applied to the real network data of Fort Area of Mumbai city comprising of 17 nodes and 56 unidirectional links with 72 Origin–Destination pairs, where all the 17 nodes are signalized intersections. The traffic flow condition for the optimized signal setting parameters is considerably improved compared to the existing signal settings. The results prove that the GA is an effective technique to solve the joint optimization problem for the real network data.     

Development of hot stamped center pillar using form die with channel type indirect blank holder

The hot stamping process has been used in the automotive industry to reduce the weight of the body-in-white and to increase passenger safety via improved crashworthiness. However, defects such as fracture and wrinkle occur when hot stamping is performed using a conventional drawing or forming method. In this study, a channel-type indirect blank holder (CIBH) is proposed to develop a high-strength center pillar in form-type hot stamping, so that the aforementioned drawbacks are overcome. This type of blank holder plays an important role in reducing severe wrinkling at the flange; such wrinkling leads to folding after the completion of form-type hot-stamping. First, we investigated the effect of the channel shape on the indirect blank holding force by using a simplified two-dimensional plane-strain stamping process. Second, we selected the slope angle and corner radius of the channel as the main shape parameters by finite element analysis and artificial neural network (ANN). It is known that fracture at the hot formed wall and wrinkle at the flange are significantly affected by the slope angle of the channel, and the appropriate value for eliminating fracture and wrinkle is determined to be 99°. By performing hot stamping using a form die with the selected channel, we can manufacture a high-strength center pillar without wrinkle and fracture.     

浅埋暗挖平顶直墙大断面隧道施工变形控制

结合北京地铁八号线安德里北街站1号风道工程,对平顶直墙大断面隧道在浅埋暗挖法施工条件下的变形及其控制措施进行分析.采用有限元分析软件ANSYS分别对2种支护方案进行模拟分析.方案一：采用格栅钢架、钢筋网加喷射混凝土的初期支护措施；方案二：在方案一基础上加设大管棚和小导管注浆超前支护措施.另外,还对模拟结果与现场监测数据进行对比分析.通过分析得出：采用方案二的支护措施施工浅埋暗挖平顶直墙大断面隧道,可以控制变形量值在要求的范围内,达到安全施工的目的.     

自升式移动平台结构安全评估

现在,有许多海洋平台在从事海上油气田的勘探和开发,其中自升式移动平台扮演着重要的角色.我国目前有自升式移动平台30座,这些平台大多经历了较长的服役期,有些平台的结构已发生了一些变化.如何保证这些平台的安全,最大限度地发挥其结构潜能是工程界和理论界迫切需要解决的问题.     

Calculation of Transient Stress Field During Laser Transformation Hardening Process

IntroductionHighpowerCOzlaserssdsetransformationhardeningtechniquehasbeensuccessfullyusedinindusnyforWYears.BecausethetemPeratUrefleldislocalizedinmaterialdurllglasertransfonnationhMngProcess,highthermstrCsswillgenerateinmatgrialduringlasertfansformationhardeningProcess.Therisalsohighresidualstressinmaterial,bothintCnsionandcomPression['-'].ComPressresidualstressishelptoincreasethefatigueldrimeofthelasertreatedmaterial,butthetensilestresswillshortenthefatiguelifetmeofthelasertreatedmator…     

RECENT DEVELOPMENT OF PROCESS SIMULATION AND ITS APPLICATIONS TO MANUFACTURING PROCESSES

l.IntroductionThemostboortantdrivingforceinmanufacturillistoPrOduCeabetterPrOductatalowercost.GenerallyeffecthemethodsinchideshOrtenintheleadtiminthedesigncyCle,andredUcinthetoolingcostandmaChinedOWnmeatProductionst4e.AllOfthemrewtabettertmderstandingofhO…     

在基建工程中怎样做好内部审计工作

社会主义市场经济的迅速发展，给建筑市场带来了生机与活力，各地区、各单位的建设项目也明显增多，但工程项目投资浪费、工程质量低劣以及权钱交易的腐败行为也随之而来，因此，在新形势下如何使工程造价更加合理地确定和有效控制，