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化学品液货种类繁多,不少船东在化学品船设计、建造之初,并不十分清晰将来装载哪些货品,加之为了节省成本,在建造材料的选择上又往往趋向低端,导致成船可以运载的货源大大受限,最终对船舶营运效益造成严重影响。如何才能避免类似情况发生呢? 相似文献
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Ji-Feng Ding Jung-Fong Kuo Wen-Hwa Shyu Chien-Chang Chou 《Maritime Policy and Management》2019,46(4):466-490
The attractiveness of ports is usually a pre-requisite and necessary condition for ports to achieve competitiveness, as well as the springboard to explore the competitive advantages of ports. To determine whether a port is competitive, it is necessary to explore whether it boasts certain factors that make the port attractive to users. The main purpose of this article is to apply the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method and the Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) technique to evaluate key determinants of attractiveness and their cause/effect relationships for container ports in Taiwan. The empirical results showed that: (1) Top six determinates of attractiveness for container ports are ‘ample cargo sources,’ ‘favorable port charges,’ ‘dense ship network and routes,’ ‘low transshipment costs,’ ‘efficient wharf operations,’ and ‘adequate wharfs and back-line land,’ respectively. (2) Among the above six determinants of attractiveness, ‘ample cargo sources’ is the cause determinant. Three determinants of port attractiveness, ‘favorable port charges,’ ‘dense ship network and routes,’ ‘low transshipment costs,’ which are the effect determinants. They are affected by the determinants of attractiveness of ‘ample cargo sources’. In addition, this study discusses the above findings and expects to provide the study results to Taiwan’s port authorities for reference. 相似文献
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应用高精度定位解算软件PANDA对框架网进行解算,并与Bernese解进行比较,探讨不同软件模型下框架网的点位坐标解算方法及其精度;通过算例表明PANDA软件的定位解算结果与Bernese的解有较好的一致性,表明PANDA软件有较高的可靠性和稳定性。 相似文献
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通过对进气系统在零部件系统试验、发动机台架试验、整车试验上的核心试验方法解读,让读者对进气系统有更全面的认识。 相似文献
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Bo-yan Xu Xiang-long Liu Long-long Jiang Juan Xu 《International Journal of Automotive Technology》2017,18(3):489-497
To obtain an ultralean air-fuel ratio and to reduce engine-out NOX and HC emissions induced by the richer mixture near the spark plug, a spray and wall complex guided combustion system has been developed by utilizing the fuel characteristics of LPG. The new combustion system configuration is optimized by using a commercial CFD code, FIRE V2013, and the reliability of the system has been experimentally demonstrated by Plane Laser-Induced Fluorescence (PLIF). The mixture formation in the new combustion system under part load (2,000 rpm) is numerically simulated. With an injection timing of 40°CA BTDC, the LPG spray which is injected from two upper holes, reaches the ignition point, and the other part of the LPG spray which is injected from the bottom hole, is directed to the ignition point through the vertical vortices at the same time. At the ignition timing of about 20°CA BTDC, the two-part mixtures have been shown to form a stable and richer stratified mixture around the ignition point, and the maximum global air-fuel ratio reaches to 60: 1. 相似文献