Model-based analysis of the mechanical subsystem of an air brake system

Most commercial vehicles such as buses and trucks use an air brake system, often equipped with an S-cam drum brake, to reduce their speed and/or to stop. With a drum brake system, the clearance between the brake shoe/pad and the brake drum may increase because of various reasons such as wearing of the brake shoe and/or brake drum and drum expansion caused by high heat generation during the braking process. Hence, to ensure proper functioning of the brake system, it is essential that the clearance between the brake shoe and the brake drum is monitored. In this paper, we present a mathematical model for the mechanical subsystem of the air brake system that can be used to monitor this clearance. This mathematical model correlates the push rod stroke transients and the brake chamber pressure transients. A kinematic analysis and a dynamic analysis of the mechanical subsystem of the air brake system were performed, and the results are corroborated with experimental data.     

Vehicle interior noise model based on a power law

Identifying the components of a vehicle’s interior noise is important in many phases of the noise, vibration, and harshness (NVH) development process. Many test methods that have been widely used in the automobile industry to separate noise sources are based on system identification methods in the frequency domain. However, none of the frequency response function-based methods can directly estimate the wind noise component. In this article, an analytical model for the interior noise level based on a simple power law was developed. It was assumed that the mean squared acoustic pressure for the interior noise could be obtained by summing up those of the wind noise, road noise, and background noise. The wind noise and road noise were further assumed to depend only on wind speed and the vehicle’s driving speed, respectively, and to follow a simple power law. The resulting analytical model includes five parameters that can be optimized for the vehicle and the road. The validity of the model was verified by using data obtained from cruise tests performed on a proving ground for cruise speeds ranging from 40 km/h to 130 km/h. The model is applied to the overall and 1/3-octave bands of interior noise and is shown to describe the data trends fairly well. For the test vehicle used in the present work, the overall mean squared pressures for the wind and road noise components are shown to be proportional to the wind speed to the 5.8 power and to the driving speed to the 3.4 power, respectively.     

一种追尾碰撞主动防护头枕机构设计研究

根据基于安全间距的追尾防撞模型和挥鞭伤的生物力学机理,结合主动安全和被动安全的防护思想,研究了提前判断并启动主动头枕的控制策略,设计了电机控制及运动可逆的新型主动头枕机构,观测和记录了原理样机的工作状态和参数.与传统头枕相比,该主动头枕可降低追尾碰撞下乘员颈部伤害,同时弥补传统纯机械主动头枕响应滞后的不足.     

应用Excite Designer对汽油机进行曲轴轴系分析

为解决曲轴轴瓦间隙不合理而造成的轴瓦易磨损问题,本文运用AVL—Excite Desirer对直列四缸汽油机机曲轴轴系进行了模拟分析,得到曲轴主轴承设计间隙下限情况下（目前设计间隙0．024-0．048）的各主轴承相关参数。同时就主轴承间隙对最小油膜厚度和最大油膜压力的影响进行了对比分析,得到了最佳的主轴承设计间隙,为曲轴主轴承的间隙设计提供了依据。     

Development of hot stamped center pillar using form die with channel type indirect blank holder

The hot stamping process has been used in the automotive industry to reduce the weight of the body-in-white and to increase passenger safety via improved crashworthiness. However, defects such as fracture and wrinkle occur when hot stamping is performed using a conventional drawing or forming method. In this study, a channel-type indirect blank holder (CIBH) is proposed to develop a high-strength center pillar in form-type hot stamping, so that the aforementioned drawbacks are overcome. This type of blank holder plays an important role in reducing severe wrinkling at the flange; such wrinkling leads to folding after the completion of form-type hot-stamping. First, we investigated the effect of the channel shape on the indirect blank holding force by using a simplified two-dimensional plane-strain stamping process. Second, we selected the slope angle and corner radius of the channel as the main shape parameters by finite element analysis and artificial neural network (ANN). It is known that fracture at the hot formed wall and wrinkle at the flange are significantly affected by the slope angle of the channel, and the appropriate value for eliminating fracture and wrinkle is determined to be 99°. By performing hot stamping using a form die with the selected channel, we can manufacture a high-strength center pillar without wrinkle and fracture.     

沥青—集料表面能参数及其对水损害影响

沥青混合料水损坏是沥青路面主要破坏形式之一。运用表面自由能理论来分析沥青混合料的水损害问题。表面自由能是指处于液体或固体表面的分子与它们处于内部时相比所具有的自由能过剩值。基于表界面理论,推导出沥青在矿料表面的黏附模型和水损坏模型;通过测得矿料和沥青的表面能参数指标带入模型分析得出,沥青在矿料表面的黏附趋势以及发生水损坏的趋势;讨论了沥青和矿料的表面能参数对黏附及水损坏的过程的影响,为沥青和矿料的匹配选择提供了更加科学的手段,具有重要的理论意义和工程应用价值。     

排气系统热管理及装置开发研究

阐述了排气系统热管理的必要性和实施办法.设计一种EGTC装置,用于实现排气温度的瞬时可控,对实现排气温度热管理具有重要作用.     

Computer-Simulation of the Dynamical Curving Behaviour of a Railway-Bogie

This paper describes the modelling of a two axle railway-bogie with variable design configurations and its application in the investigation of the behaviour in transitional and circular curves. Several results indicate possibilities to improve the curving properties and recommend the usage of forced-steering bogies, which show better performance in narrow curves without unbearable sacrifices to high-speed-behaviour on straight track.     

汽车接近角,离去角和纵向通过角的测量

介绍了日本汽车标准化协会（JASO）对汽车接近角、离去角和纵向通过角的定义。按照该定义，可以用简单的测量工具测得若干个长度尺寸，然后代入按几何关系推导出的公式中求得上述三个角度的精确值，既提高了测量精度，又便于各车型之间这些参数的比较。     

键合图理论在汽车纵向角振动主动控制中的应用

本文应用键合图理论建立了汽车5自由度振动系统的键图模型并推导出状态方程，以垂直振动、纵向角振动能量最小和控制能量最小为目标函数，利用状态反馈原理代化出前悬架减振器的最佳控制力，对汽车驶过三角形单凸起时的振动响应进行了计算机仿真分析。结果表明，具有主动控制悬架的汽车，其纵向角振动得到明显的衰减。