Crosswind Feedforward Control - A Measure to Improve Vehicle Crosswind Behaviour

The theory of crosswind feedforward control was explained using the example of a vehicle with active front-wheel steering. Beforehand, the calculation formulas and frequency responses of the transient crosswind force and of the wind yaw moment acting on the vehicle were derived using the example of a simple vehicle fluid model. The influence of the transiency of crosswind disturbance on the dynamic crosswind behaviour of a vehicle was then presented. The results of simulation confirmed the analyses carried out in the frequency domain for feedforward control with front, rear and all-wheel steering. With front-wheel steering, the influence of crosswind on one of the vehicle movement variables (lateral acceleration or yaw rate) could be almost completely compensated by dynamic feedforward control. With rear-wheel steering, it is only possible to compensate directly for the influence on the yawing rate. Due to the setting of the side force in the same direction as the lateral wind force at the start, active rear-wheel steering is not so successful as active front-wheel steering. Nevertheless, the crosswind behaviour of a vehicle can be considerably enhanced by feedforward control with rear-wheel steering. The best crosswind behaviour was obtained with active all-wheel steering: the vehicle hardly responds at all to crosswinds and remains on course despite heavy gusts of wind.     

Intra-Platoon Collision Behavior during Emergency Operations

This paper presents current research regarding intra-platoon collision dynamics for rapid decelerations. Measures of ride quality and impact severity are introduced to allow comparisons between different collision scenarios. In this study, the disturbance input to the platoon is assumed to be a rapid braking of the lead vehicle. Several deceleration rates are used to assess the overall platoon behavior and the effect of the intra-platoon collisions on the platoon passengers. The role of the desired headway spacing on preventing the occurrence of intra-platoon collisions and improving rider comfort is discussed.     

主跨138m预应力混凝土连续梁桥的施工控制

本文以广州市金沙洲大桥主桥大跨度预应力混凝土连续梁桥为背景 ,介绍大跨度混凝土连续梁桥施工控制的目的、内容、方法和措施等 ,并根据现场测试的结果来验证本文所使用的控制方法的正确性和合理性     

柴油-酒精混合燃料发动机的性能研究

在分析柴油—酒精混合燃料物理化学特性的基础上，研究了不同混合比例的柴油—酒精混合燃料发动机的性能。研究表明：柴油醇燃料发动机的有效燃油消耗率较柴油机的升高，而有效能耗率有一定程度的降低；发动机的碳烟排放明显降低，在保持同样排温的前提下，其功率有一定程度的升高，尾气排放明显降低；柴油机使用混合燃料后，滞燃期延长，燃烧持续期缩短。在采用推迟供油的条件下，柴油—酒精混合燃料发动机的尾气排放性能可以得到较大幅度的提高。     

上海市杨浦区防汛决策支持系统研究

在分析杨浦区城市防汛问题的基础上 ,设计了其防汛决策支持系统 ,并开发了基于GIS的城市地面积水的动态显示系统。系统可以迅速、可靠和正确地模拟城市雨情、水情、灾情的发展过程和可能后果 ,为城市防汛决策提供多层次的信息服务和多种支持手段     

公路雨水口篦子泄水量试验研究

雨水口篦子泄水量是雨水口泄水能力好坏的关键因素 ,本文通过水工模型试验对不同型式的篦子在不同上游来水流量以及不同纵坡条件下的泄水量做了系统的试验研究 ,最后对雨水口篦子型式的选择提出了推荐方案 ,并对篦子的安装和维护提出了应注意的事项。     

34.2m双曲拱桥力学性能分析34.2m双曲拱桥力学性能分析

对34.2m双曲拱桥加固前、后的力学性能进行了分析。根据双曲拱桥的结构特点,采用有限元对其进行离散,利用大型通用有限元结构分析程序ANSYS对该桥加固前、后分别进行了受力和位移计算,并与试验结果进行了对比,评价了该桥梁的加固效果。     

Vehicle interior noise model based on a power law

Identifying the components of a vehicle’s interior noise is important in many phases of the noise, vibration, and harshness (NVH) development process. Many test methods that have been widely used in the automobile industry to separate noise sources are based on system identification methods in the frequency domain. However, none of the frequency response function-based methods can directly estimate the wind noise component. In this article, an analytical model for the interior noise level based on a simple power law was developed. It was assumed that the mean squared acoustic pressure for the interior noise could be obtained by summing up those of the wind noise, road noise, and background noise. The wind noise and road noise were further assumed to depend only on wind speed and the vehicle’s driving speed, respectively, and to follow a simple power law. The resulting analytical model includes five parameters that can be optimized for the vehicle and the road. The validity of the model was verified by using data obtained from cruise tests performed on a proving ground for cruise speeds ranging from 40 km/h to 130 km/h. The model is applied to the overall and 1/3-octave bands of interior noise and is shown to describe the data trends fairly well. For the test vehicle used in the present work, the overall mean squared pressures for the wind and road noise components are shown to be proportional to the wind speed to the 5.8 power and to the driving speed to the 3.4 power, respectively.     

Parameter identification for a LuGre model based on steady-state tire conditions

The purpose of this study was to effectively identify parameters for a LuGre friction model based on experimental measures. In earlier work related to this study (Yang et al., 2009), which was based on the characters of polygonal wear (Sueoka and Ryu, 1997), we showed a frictional vibration model for a mass on a moving belt. This model reflected lateral vibrations caused by velocity and toe-in angle. An important aspect of the present study is the improved friction model. A previous friction model, which divided the process into four parts, expressed the sable excited vibration well but failed to reflect the hysteresis loop change when vehicles accelerated or decelerated continuously. A LuGre friction model can solve this problem, but several model parameters must be obtained experimentally. We measured contact width and length of tires as vertical pressure changed; this provided a theoretical basis for apparent stiffness of a unit of tire tread. Based on tire data from Bakker E’s article in a SAE paper from 1987, we identified the Stribeck exponent and Stribeck velocity in LuGre. Then, the results were implemented in a vibration system that verified the rationality of the data.     

Le transport ferroviaire régional de voyageurs : un processus collectif d’apprentissage

Regional passenger rail services are prevalent in France, as opposed to the more marginal role they play elsewhere in the world. It is indeed at the regional level that reforms have been successfully implemented, probably because the process was gradual and cautious. Initially in 1997, seven regions began experimenting with a decentralized system of regional passenger transportation services. By 2002, all metropolitan regions, with the exception of Corsica and Ile-de-France, were involved. Today we have reached a point where this process can be retrospectively and prospectively assessed. This article is first a retrospective assessment of the role of actors and the emerging dynamic between regional passenger rail transport supply and demand. Then, a prospective evaluation is offered since regionalization is best understood as an ongoing learning process that can be discontinuous or continuous.