Optimization of isolation structure under wind load excitation and experimental study of the wind resistant bearing

The method of collaborative work between steel plate anti-wind bearing (AWB) and rubber isolation bearing is proposed to study the vibration reduction effect of isolation structure under stronger wind load, and the function mechanism is explained. Based on a practical project, three kinds of schemes with different isolation layers are put forward, the finite element software ETABS is used for time history analysis, and comparison is made on the seismic response of different isolated structure and aseismic structure. Comparison result shows that the isolation layer with rubber bearing and AWB can work reasonably, but further optimization on the designed parameters is needed. Moreover, the design value of horizontal bearing capacity of lead rubber bearing (LRB) is appropriate to be close to the seismic isolation layer under wind load excitation. Finally, numerical simulation and comparative analysis of shear test of the AWB are conducted. With a very small yield displacement and yield strength over 80% of the set of horizontal bearing capacity, the AWB is validated to satisfy the working conditions which provide the horizontal bearing capacity under normal operating conditions and designed earthquake. The AWB yields and malfunctions, when the maximum displacement is less than the displacement of the isolation layer.     

Carbon dioxide emissions from diesel and compressed natural gas buses during acceleration

Motor vehicle emission factors are generally derived from driving tests mimicking steady state conditions or transient drive cycles. Neither of these test conditions, however, completely represents real world driving conditions. In particular, they fail to determine emissions generated during the accelerating phase – a condition in which urban buses spend much of their time. We analyse and compare the results of time-dependant emission measurements conducted on diesel and compressed natural gas buses during an urban driving cycle on a chassis dynamometer and we derive power-law expressions relating carbon dioxide emission factors to the instantaneous speed while accelerating from rest. Emissions during acceleration are compared with that during steady speed operation.     

全场景城轨网络化运营指挥平台探索与研究

通过阐述运营调度指挥平台的现状和发展趋势,结合新一代信息技术和运营指挥业务需求,提出一套基于全时空多数据融合、全业务场景交互的运营调度指挥平台建设思路和系统设计方案,促进实现信息"需要即可呈现,需要即可操作,需要即可分析"的线网调度指挥和设备集中管控的新型调度指挥系统建设,打造网络化运营的"最强大脑",为城市轨道交通网...     

肘形橡胶软管平衡性能研究

推导了肘形橡胶软管帘线缠绕的平衡角和实际缠绕角,利用非线性有限元软件MSC.MARC,分析了不同缠绕角的肘形软管在内压作用下的平衡性.结果表明,缠绕角大于平衡角时肘形管会外张,缠绕角小于平衡角时肘形管会内收;实际缠绕时,最佳平衡性点并不是在ψ=90°时缠绕角为54.7°,而是要比这个角度稍小一些.     

隧道监控系统软件设计与实现

隧道监控系统软件开发平台主要分为组态与非组态两种,文中分析了两种平台各自的优缺点,提出采用组态与非组态组合开发的方案,并结合诸永高速公路东阳隧道群监控系统的开发对软件模块的设计和实现方法进行了详细阐述。     

海底管线的地球物理探测技术探讨

从应用原理、工程实例、应用效果等方面分析了目前国内外常用的海底管线探测的技术方法,并且探讨了各种方法的优缺点及适用条件,总结了海底管线探测现状及发展趋势.     

大直径PHC桩竖向承载力分布的试验研究

结合某跨海大桥桩基试验项目,对4组大直径PHC桩进行了竖向承载力静载试验,并通过桩身预埋的应变式钢筋计测试桩身轴力分布.试验结果表明,随着桩端土层刚度的提高,单桩极限承载力也将进一步增大,因此对于大直径PHC桩,也应选择较好土层作为持力层;随着桩顶荷载的不断增大,桩端阻力分担荷载所占的比例也逐渐增大,表明大直径PHC桩呈端承摩擦桩的承载性状;对于桩端持力层较好,而上覆软弱土层较厚的大直径PHC桩,尚应考虑上部土层侧摩阻力软化现象的影响;尽管大直径PHC桩桩身刚度较大,但在设计工作荷载下,此次试验的桩顶实测沉降主要由桩身压缩引起.     

Ventilation of bottom water in the North Sea–Baltic Sea transition zone

The transition zone between the North Sea and the Baltic Sea is a highly dynamic region where a general estuarine circulation forms a regional scale frontal system from northern Kattegat to the Arkona Sea. This system is characterized by an upper low saline out?owing Baltic water mass from the in?owing saline Skagerrak bottom water to the Kattegat and Belt Sea area. Large and rapid ?uctuations of the frontal system are caused by barotropic transports, forced by changing sea level difference between northern Kattegat and the western Baltic Sea, and this results in high variability of the hydrographic conditions and also in frequent in- and out?ow events to the Baltic. The dynamics in the region are here analyzed by a regional model of the transition zone, covering the area from the northern Kattegat to the Arkona Sea. The model is validated against water level, temperature and salinity measurements from the region, and the transports through the Danish straits are related to previous estimates and empirical relations. A sensitivity study quantify the role of bathymetry, the tidally induced mixing and the in?owing Skagerrak bottom water for ventilating the bottom water with Skagerrak water or surface water.Furthermore, the dynamics in the region is analyzed with tracers representing the age of the water. The distribution of age tracers with different boundary conditions are analyzed, and the role of advection and mixing for ventilating the bottom water is quanti?ed in terms of the water age. It is shown that the Great Belt area is a very dynamical area where bottom water is ventilated with surface water. The interannual variation of the ventilation of bottom water in the period 2001–2003 is analyzed by various age tracers and related to observed oxygen conditions, and it is shown that the extreme hypoxic event in the autumn 2002 in the southern Kattegat, the Great Belt and in the western Baltic Sea coincide with an unusual low vertical ventilation rate in the Great Belt area, but normal advection rates of bottom water from the northern Kattegat. This indicates that during this particular event, and probably in general, ventilation of bottom water in the Great Belt has signi?cant in?uence on oxygen conditions in the southern part of the region and for ventilation of bottom waters in the western Baltic Sea. In contrast, the central Kattegat is primarily ventilated by advection of bottom water from the Skagerrak. An age tracer representing the ventilation rate of bottom water with either Skagerrak water or surface water is shown to be inversely correlated to the observed oxygen distribution in the region.     

Analysis of Clogging Mechanism and Filter-cake Structure of Slurry Containing Coarse-particle Materials in Sandy Strata北大核心CSCD

The problem of filter-cake formation in highly permeable strata is urgently to be solved for slurry shield tunnelling. Adding coarse-particle materials in slurry is an effective method to solve the problem. A selfdesigned test device of slurry invasion and filter-cake formation in strata was adopted, and one kind of lightweight sand was selected as coarse particle materials. By changing the particle sizes of light-weight sand particles, the filtrate mass and the time of filter-cake formation under the condition of different additive contents and pressures were measured. And the influence of particle size of coarse-particle materials on filter-cake formation characteristics was analyzed. A triangular constriction calculation method was proposed, which can be used to quickly determine the influence range of coarse-particle materials on the pore size variation of the strata. The test results show that: (1) the addition of coarse-particle materials can significantly reduce the inter-particle pore size and effectively improve the clogging effectiveness under the condition of this tested strata. (2) The particle size of coarse-particle materials has a great influence on filter-cake formation characteristics. The coarse-particle material with smaller particle size has a better clogging effect, and its filter-cake formation characteristics are more stable. The coarse-particle material with larger particle size has a higher volatility in its filter-cake formation characteristics. (3) Coarse-particle materials with different particle sizes result in different final filter-cake structures. When the coarse-particle materials possess a larger particle size, a mixed filtercake structure is formed, and when the particle size is small, a double-layer filter-cake structure is formed. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

Study of Controlling Measures for Existing Railway Deformation Caused by Metro Shield Tunnel Under-passing Construction北大核心CSCD

Based on the background of the first phase project of the R3 line of Jinan Rail Transit, and in view of the metro shield tunnel passing under the existing railway bridge and subgrade, this paper uses Abaqus to establish a numerical model to simulate the deformation of the existing bridge and subgrade of the Jiaoji railway line under the two conditions of non-active reinforcement and reinforcement. The results show that under the condition of no reinforcement, the maximum settlement of the top bridge on the pier is -5.88 mm, and the maximum settlement difference is 5.16 mm, which exceed the deformation control requirements of the 5 mm regarding the bridge pier of the railway with ballast track. The maximum lateral displacement and longitudinal displacement of the pier are 0.28 mm and -3.01 mm, respectively. After the reinforcement measures of the bored piles are adopted, the maximum settlement of the top bridge on the pier is -1.71 mm, and the maximum settlement difference is 1.16 mm, which fully meet the bridge pier deformation control standard. The maximum lateral displacement and longitudinal maximum displacement are -0.245 mm and -2.83 mm, respectively, which meet the requirements of the control standard. The vertical settlement of the railway subgrade is relatively small. The maximum settlement values under the two working conditions are -12.31 mm and -11.97 mm, respectively, which meet the subgrade settlement control requirement of 20 mm. It is proved that the reinforcement effect of the bored pile is good, and the reinforcement scheme is safe and feasible. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.