Managing transportation during highway reconstruction: A recommended process

Major highway reconstruction can cause significant disruptions to existing travel patterns and economic activity. Reducing these impacts on travelers, shippers, businesses and residents requires that innovative and effective transportation management actions be developed and implemented. This paper reports the major findings and recommendations of a research study on managing transportation during highway, reconstruction. The primary objectives of the study were

Joint development at transit stations in the United States

Joint development, as the term is generally used in connection with transit systems in the United States, is real estate development that is closely linked to public transportation services and station facilities, and takes advantage of the market and locational advantages provided by them. Research conducted by LEK Associates for the Urban Mass Transportation Administration (UMTA) suggests that, in addition to helping shape urban growth and land development, joint development is also a surprisingly effective means of increasing transit system ridership and farebox revenues, as well as a source of increasingly significant revenues from the sale or lease of air rights.The completion of nine joint development projects in as many different cities, started under the former Urban Initiatives Program, for example, net additional annual ridership might reach 12000000 one-way trips. Net additional annual farebox revenues might reach over $9000000. This added revenue would be sufficient to repay the $62 million combined UMTA/transit operator investment in the nine projects, exclusive of the costs of the basic transit system improvements around which the projects are planned, in less than six years.Among transit authority-administered joint development programs examined in a separate study, the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority (WMATA) has had the most success in generating significant value capture income. For example, the cumulative revenue realized by WMATA from just six joint development projects in the Washington, DC region, through September 1983 exceeded $ 6.9 million. Projections through fiscal year 1986 indicate cumulative revenues approximating $ 28 million will be received from developer leases.     

Urban transportation modeling: The discussion continues

This article is a response to John Polak's article, entitled, A Comment on Supernak's Critique of Transport Modeling, published elsewhere in this issue of TRANSPORTATION. It offers necessary clarifications to the issues discussed in an earlier article in this journal (Supernak, 1983). It also responds to the philosophical issues discussed in Polak's article, such as the nature of transport phenomena, and the role, form and methodology of transport modeling.     

Regional impacts of new transport infrastructure: a multisectoral potentials approach

This is the second of two background papers sponsored for the Symposium by the Administrative Commission for the north of the Netherlands. Its purpose is to provide an indication of the effects of the proposed high speed rail line between Amsterdam, Groningen and Hamburg on employment in the corridor. The authors first review the techniques of forecasting these effects discussed in the literature. The potentials approach is adopted for their analysis, the mathematics and underlying assumptions of which are presented. Finally, this model is run to provide an estimate of the impact on regional employment of three variants of the proposed rail line.     

The design of bus route systems — An interactive location-allocation approach

An interactive modelling approach is developed to solve the practical problem of bus route network design. Possible bus routes are identified with facilities which can be located. Zones or pairs of zones in the urban area are identified with customers who will be allocated to the established facilities. It is shown that the classical Set Covering Problem is useful under the assumption of fixed demand; the Simple Plant Location Problem is effective under the assumption of demand which is sensitive to the level of bus service provided.     

城市轨道交通车地无线通信的应用

针对城市轨道交通车地无线通信系统的现状和问题,分析城市轨道交通运营对无线通信的需求;结合郑州地铁1号线TD-LTE(分时长期演进)车地无线通信系统的建设方案和实际测试数据,证明TD-LTE技术在高速移动状态下的大带宽传输能够实现多业务承载,具备城市轨道交通无线通信业务整合的条件,满足城市轨道交通环境的安装要求,说明TD-LTE技术在城市轨道交通通信专网的应用是可行的.     

人类仿真技术在铁路系统中的应用

摘要：对应用于铁路人机工程学的人类仿真方法进行了总结,即一种仿真器是采用虚拟现实技术来模拟环境,例如驾驶仿真器、乘坐舒适度仿真器、铁路车站仿真器等。另一类仿真器则采用计算机仿真技术来评价列车司机工作时承受的精神负担、列车碰撞引起的旅客运动方式及损伤等。     

解读铁道行业标准《43kg/m～75kg/m钢轨订货技术条件》

介绍我国普速铁路用钢轨标准的主要内容,叙述铁道行业标准的修订背景和修订内容,对标准中钢轨的断面尺寸精度和平直度、长度和重量、钢牌号及化学成分、拉伸和硬度、钢中非金属夹杂物、表面质量和试验方法等的修订情况予以详细说明。通过对比分析普速铁路、高速铁路和道岔用非对称断面钢轨标准中各指标的差异性,提出相关建议。     

科技人文视角下京津沪地铁服务设施比较研究

地铁站的公共服务设施是考量地铁站空间质量、评价交通服务职能优劣的重要部分.当今城市发展背景下,地铁服务设施更应注重人性化设计和科技含量提升.地铁服务设施的科技人文性设计在国内地铁站中得到了不同程度的体现,通过对京津沪三地地铁服务设施及地铁运营管理中的科技人文性表达现状进行实地调查,结合环境心理学领域的相关研究,运用比较分析的方法,提出构建具有创新科技人文特色的地铁服务设施建议,以期为城市地铁建设提供一定的参考.     

高铁运维阶段CPⅢ平面网复测方法研究与应用

CPⅢ轨道控制网是高铁运维阶段轨道系统静态检查的控制基准,需要定期进行必要的复测,且复测工作仅能在夜间4 h天窗维修时间内进行。为此,提出了通过对相邻CPⅢ点位之间组成的纵横向弦长的变化进行CPⅢ网复测的新方法,推导出了纵横向弦长较差及其限差的计算模型,通过模拟计算确定了CPⅢ网复测的横向和纵向弦长较差限差的建议值分别为±1 mm和±2 mm,并据此进行了复测点位稳定性判定的试验验证。理论分析和试验结果表明,该方法是正确可行的,研究成果对CPⅢ网的复测及相关测量规范的制定和完善有参考价值。