东海大桥近岛段工程海上钻孔桩施工

东海大桥Ⅲ标近岛段钻孔桩共有φ2.0 m、φ2.5 m、φ3.0 m三种不同桩径,在浪高流急、风大涌强且覆盖层较浅、基岩强度极高、岩面倾斜较大的海域内进行钻孔桩施工,对于钢护筒的插打与固定、钻机的选型、钻孔桩的钻进及斜岩面的处理等方面与内河相比均有特殊之处.介绍海上钻孔桩施工的方法.     

PQI在沥青路面压实度检测中的应用

介绍了PQI的标定及使用方法,将PQI和钻芯取样表干法检测压实度的对比试验结果进行回归分析,并且验证PQI检测高速公路沥青混凝土路面压实度的有效性和可靠度.     

船用伙食冷库自控系统的改造设计

文章针对早期船用伙食冷库以继电器为主导的控制系统所存在的问题,以某一滚装客船冷库为例,根据该冷库的运行技术特点,开发出以西门子s7系列可编程控制器为核心的自动控制系统,满足了冷库运行过程的精确掌控、节约耗能和可靠性等要求。     

地铁客车重要零部件转向架轴端吊耳螺栓脱落故障分析及解决措施

地铁客车运营时转向架轴箱体端部与吊耳的连接螺栓脱落严重威胁着地铁的安全行车.通过对脱落螺栓的形貌分析、材质检验及断口金相检测,基本排除了螺栓质量问题,但发现吊耳与其连接件间存在相对滑动的可能性;在EN13749标准规定的轴箱振动加速度以及线路实测振动加速度载荷的分别作用下,基于VDI 2230-2003标准对吊耳的连接螺栓进行强度分析,结果表明:两种载荷作用下螺栓强度均满足要求,但在线路实测载荷下连接螺栓的被连接件间的防滑移安全系数仅为0.997,同时疲劳工况下的安全系数也相对较低;接着,考虑到吊耳结构重量直接决定着连接螺栓的承载大小,提出新型吊耳结构,其重量仅为原结构重量的35％,一阶固有频率为原结构的1.3倍.同时,建议采用10.9级的法兰面螺栓M12mm×100mm作为吊耳连接螺栓,并配合使用宽边NordLock防松垫圈.     

港口供电系统改进

目前港口供电系统存在体积大、结构设置不合理和不适应环境等问题,经研究提出了减小体积、优化系统配置、提高箱变安全性和环境适应性等相应对策,在研究的基础上设计了一种新型箱式变电站,解决了目前港口供电系统存在的不足.     

Subjective-utility travel time budget modeling in the stochastic traffic network assignment

ABSTRACT

In this article, we propose a new model called subjective-utility travel time budget (SU-TTB) model to capture travelers' risk-averse route choices. In the travel time budget (TTB) and mean-excess travel time (METT) model, a predefined confidence level is needed to capture the risk-aversion in route choice. Due to the day-to-day route travel time variations, the exact confidence level is hard to be predicted. With the SU-TTB model, we assume travelers' confidence level belongs to an interval that they may comply with in the route choice. The two main components of SU-TTB are the utility function and the TTB model. We can show that the SU-TTB can be reduced to the TTB and METT model with proper utility function for the confidence levels. We can also prove its equivalence with our recently proposed nonlinear-expectation route travel time (NERTT) model in some cases and give some new interpretation on the NERTT with this equivalence. Finally, we formulate the SU-TTB model as a variational inequality (VI) problem to model the risk-averse user equilibrium (RAUE), termed as generalized RAUE (GRAUE). The GRAUE is solved via a heuristic gradient projection algorithm, and the model and solution algorithm are demonstrated with the Braess's traffic network and the Nguyen and Dupuis's traffic network.     

State estimation in roll dynamics for commercial vehicles

Accurate lateral load transfer estimation plays an important role in improving the performance of the active rollover prevention system equipped in commercial vehicles. This estimation depends on the accurate prediction of roll angles for both the sprung and the unsprung subsystems. This paper proposes a novel computational method for roll-angle estimation in commercial vehicles employing sensors which are already used in a vehicle dynamic control system without additional expensive measurement units. The estimation strategy integrates two blocks. The first block contains a sliding-mode observer which is responsible for calculating the lateral tyre forces, while in the second block, the Kalman filter estimates the roll angles of the sprung mass and those of axles in the truck. The validation is conducted through MATLAB/TruckSim co-simulation. Based on the comparison between the estimated results and the simulation results from TruckSim, it can be concluded that the proposed estimation method has a promising tracking performance with low computational cost and high convergence speed. This approach enables a low-cost solution for the rollover prevention in commercial vehicles.     

掺混甲烷对乙烯层流预混火焰炭烟形貌的影响

针对掺混甲烷的乙烯层流火焰中的炭烟颗粒从形貌角度进行了研究,构建了具有相同当量比(2.07)、火焰温度、气体流速的层流预混乙烯火焰和掺混甲烷的乙烯火焰,并各自选取了3个高度进行热泳探针取样,采用TEM和AFM方法对各个工况的炭烟颗粒粒径分布、平均粒径、平均体积当量球径进行了对比。发现少量的甲烷掺混会令乙烯火焰中炭烟颗粒的尺寸变大,而当甲烷掺混量变多时该现象消失。而通过对颗粒的圆度、球度和分形维数计算和分析,发现即使是很小的颗粒也具有相似的不规则形状,这一现象广泛存在于各种火焰和各种大小的颗粒中,不受掺混比的影响,并且越大的颗粒结构越松散。     

基于GSM短消息的木材运输码单稽查系统

为解决因网络无法延伸到达林区作业现场而无法实时荻取运输数据问题,作者应用手机短信技术研究和构建了适合于南方林区特点的县级木材运输稽查管理网络系统。本文着重分析手机短信检尺码单信息处理系统的组成、短信平台的特点与选择、信息编码的格式与计算方法,详细论述了系统软件设计方法、长短信处理技术、稽查数据的短信格式和系统运行模式．系统的应用显著提高了木材运输稽查管理水平和工作效率,有良好的推广前景。     

快速老化小鼠的学习记忆缺陷及其生化机制

目的用快速老化小鼠(SAMP8)模拟老年痴呆,观察其学习记忆能力,并探讨其学习记忆能力下降的可能机制。方法采用10月龄SAMP8,并用同龄抗快速老化小鼠(SAMR1)作为正常对照。用水迷路检测近记忆以及空间学习记忆能力。用生物化学方法检测大脑皮层线粒体膜电位和ATP酶活力,观察线粒体功能;检测皮层和海马胆碱乙酰基转移酶(ChAT)和乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)的活力,观察中枢胆碱能神经功能;检测血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力和丙二醛(MDA)含量,观察其全身性氧化应激状况。结果与SAMR1相比,SAMP8出现明显的衰老体征,其近记忆和空间学习记忆能力明显减弱,具有衰老和痴呆特征;皮层线粒体膜电位和ATP酶活力显著降低,海马ChAT活力显著下降,AChE活力显著升高,血清SOD活力稍有增高。结论SAMP8可以很好地模拟老年痴呆,其机制包括大脑皮层线粒体功能降低、海马胆碱能神经功能下降以及氧化应激等。