历史教训不能忘记

在＂后金融危机＂时代,国际贸易保护愈演愈烈。造船业和航运业是技术密集型和劳动密集型行业。这些行业本身是薄利的,一旦＂战斗＂升级到海事和海商纠纷阶段就会非常残酷,成为＂你死我活＂的斗争。无论是造船合同还是提单,都涉及到双方的底线,即核心利益所在。     

港口起重机金属结构安全性评价研究

提出港口起重机金属结构安全性评价过程和指标体系的构建原则以及正常指标和故障指标两类评价指标;针对不同指标的特点,采用不同的无量纲化处理方法,使结果符合评价要求;采用多层次评价构权方法和混合合成法,使构权和评价值更符合实际情况.     

船检专业委员会召开第二次会议

中国航海学会第一届船检专业委员会第二次会议于8月29～30日在银川召开。中国航海学会理事长洪善祥，宁夏回族自治区政协常委海巨增．自治区交通厅党委书记、厅长周舒，交通部海事局副局长李青平、农业部渔船检验局局长张合成和中国船级社总裁李科浚参加了开幕式。船检专业委员会主任、中国船级社总工程师莫鉴辉主持了开幕式。     

PMC＆Andon系统在生产管理中的应用

PMC＆Andon系统是生产实时监控系统，在现代化大规模生产中，该系统对于加强生产管理的有效性发挥着越来越大的作用。文章介绍了PMC＆Andon系统在某部门的使用经验，结果表明，不仅提高了生产管理的效率，而且发现并解决了生产线上一些平时影响不大但却长期令人困扰的问题，指出通过推广使用该系统，做到了联系实际，提高了车间的生产管理水平。     

新一代高速动车组380CL头型与原型车气动特性比较

为研究时速380 km/h的新一代高速列车,北车长客公司设计了新一代头型,通过数值模拟技术,对比研究了新头型与原型车的气动特性,模拟结果表明:计算结果与风洞试验结果吻合良好,CRH380CL头型气动性能全面优于CRH3C头型;各项减阻措施中,头型优化、车底整流均有明显减阻效果,特别车底整流的减阻效果可以推广应用于长大编组情况.     

焊管机组焊缝温度的测量与控制

采用单比色测温法，解决了焊缝温度的控制问题，通过对水膜透过率及光谱响应曲线的分析，采用0．8μm和0．9μm两种工作波长，通过变送器采集测温探头在焊缝处波长的辐射信号并进行光电转换放大，最后利用单片机进行PID调节，在设计过程中，注重了对误闰的消除。本方案对于冶金、铸造、水泥等行业都有实用价值。     

大窑湾二期工程采场周边环境及地质地形对爆破振速的影响

对爆破区域岩石生成历史进行了追溯；揭示爆破区域岩石的动态特性：并对各岩石合成振速及计算单位振速进行了分析，初步找出规律；得出大窑湾二期工程爆破区域周边环境对爆破振动速度的影响，对确定爆破振速的综合影响及制定该区域爆破振速控制技术措施提出展望。     

An equity‐based passenger flow control model with application to Hong Kong‐Shenzhen border‐crossing

Cross‐border passengers from Hong Kong to Shenzhen by the east Kowloon‐Canton Railway (KCR) through the Lo Wu customs exceed nearly 200 thousand on a special day such as a day during the Chinese Spring Festival. Such heavy passenger demand often exceeds the processing and holding capacity of the Lo Wu customs for many hours a day. Thus, passengers must be metered off at all entrance stations along the KCR line through ticket rationing to restrain the number of passengers waiting at Lo Wu within its safe holding capacity. This paper proposes an optimal control strategy and model to deal with this passenger crowding and control problem. Because the maximum passenger checkout rate at Lo Wu is fixed, total passenger waiting time is not affected by the control strategy for given time‐dependent arriving rates at each station. An equity‐based control strategy is thus proposed to equalize the waiting times of passengers arriving at all stations at the same time. This equity is achieved through optimal allocation of the total quota of tickets to all entrance stations for each train service. The total ticket quota for each train service is determined such that the capacity constraint of the passenger queue at Lo Wu is satisfied. The control problem is formulated as a successive linear programming problem and demonstrated for the KCR system with partially simulated data.     

Estimation of origin-destination matrices from link traffic counts on congested networks

Conventional methods for estimating origin-destination (O-D) trip matrices from link traffic counts assume that route choice proportions are given constants. In a network with realistic congestion levels, this assumption does not hold. This paper shows how existing methods such as the generalized least squares technique can be integrated with an equilibrium traffic assignment in the form of a convex bilevel optimization problem. The presence of measurement errors and time variations in the observed link flows are explicitly considered. The feasibility of the model is always guaranteed without a requirement for estimating consistent link flows from counts. A solution algorithm is provided and numerical simulation experiments are implemented in investigating the model's properties. Some related problems concerning O-D matrix estimation are also discussed.     

乘务员、旅客对列车厕所的主观评价

采用主观询问的方法对列车直排式和密闭式的清扫方式，是否有臭味，以及对厕所排泄方式的选择进行了调查。结果表示：９７．５０％的乘务员认为密闭抽真空式厕所清扫方便，一次冲洗能干净（８７．５０％），１００％选择密闭轴真空式厕所。旅客对厕所臭味的评价，无论是工人农民，干部及其他人群认为密闭式厕所无臭味均在８０％以上。