灰色关联在城市轨道交通线网规划方案评价中的应用

用AHP-Grey模型对城市轨道交通线网规划方案进行评价选优。建立线网规划方案评价的分层指标体系,采用灰色关联分析方法按灰色关联度大小对方案进行排序。通过在实际项目方案评价中的应用,证明灰色关联分析法的实用性和合理性。AHP-Grey法既充分体现了多指标对总目标的重要性程度,又充分利用并挖掘了决策矩阵中的有效信息,是一种简便而适用的方法。     

加宽路基压实方法的选择

为保证强夯工程的效果，提高高填方路基不均匀沉降机理的理论水平，开展“强夯法对加宽高填方路基承栽力和不均匀沉降控制”这一课题研究很有必要，其结果将对强夯法地基处理技术起到补充和完善的作用，并且将会进一步拓宽强夯法的应用范围。     

基于CFD扇翼推进器敞水性能预报分析

为解决现有水下潜器系统组成复杂、丢失后难以搜寻等问题,借鉴扇翼飞行器理念,提出扇翼推进水下潜器的新概念,弥补现有水下潜器的不足.针对扇翼推进水下潜器的核心装置扇翼推进器的敞水性能问题,运用CFD方法对比分析了一定的来流速度下,扇翼推进器和可倾斜轴导管桨在定深直航工况下,产生同等负升力和推力条件下的敞水效率.结果表明应用在高升推比的水下潜器上时,扇翼推进器的敞水效率远高于可倾斜轴导管桨,一定程度上论证了扇翼推进水下潜器概念方案的可行性.     

Application of a real-coded genetic algorithm for the fitting of a ship hull surface through a single non-uniform B-spline surface

In digital ship-design processes, surface modeling needs to be as accurate as possible for effectiveness in ship production as well as numerical analysis of the performance. Traditionally, the form of a ship hull is constructed from a set of cross-sectional data. This approach entails difficulties in the cross-sectional spacing and accuracy of the characteristic curves, such as the stern and bow profiles, deck side line, bottom tangential line, and unconnected curves. Genetic algorithms (GAs) have attracted increasing attention as a multimodal optimization solution for surface reconstruction that enable construction of a single non-uniform B-spline (NUB) surface at the initial stage of ship design with constraints such as knuckles, discontinuity conditions, and bulbous bows with high curvatures, . The first, simultaneous multi-fitting GA determines the boundary curves, such as the stem and stern profiles, and finds the common knot values for both curves. Similarly, the same GA technique is applied for other boundary curves at the bottom and the deck. The second GA is employed to fit the interior data points after the boundary curves are fitted. The encoded design variables for surface construction are the locations of the vertices and the knot values. Those variables are modified for improving the surface quality until a predefined degree of precision is attained. In four instances of application, the GA technique developed in this research has been shown to provide good, single, NUB surfaces with high efficiency. In the early design stage, a single NUB surface is more convenient for performance visualization and finite-element methods. It can be readily translated into many CAD/CAM packages, which facilitate the smooth transition of data across the different design stages.     

Influence of residual stresses and geometric imperfections on the elastoplastic collapse of cylindrical tubes under external pressure

The buckling problem of a circular cylindrical shell has long been widely investigated due to its great importance in the design of aerospace and marine structures. Geometric imperfections and residual stresses are inevitable in practice and have been so far frequently considered in analytical and numerical predictions. But little attention has been paid until now on the combined influence of such initial defects on the critical and often unstable response of such elastoplastic structures. In this paper, a shell finite element is designed within the total Lagrangian formulation framework to deal with the elastoplastic buckling and post-buckling of thin cylindrical tubes under external pressure and axial compression. A specific experimental process will be introduced in order to measure residual stresses in the shell very accurately, so as to include them in the numerical calculations. The present formulation will enable us to describe the complete non-linear solutions, namely the critical pressures (bifurcation and limit (collapse) loads), the bifurcation modes and the bifurcated equilibrium branches up to advanced post-critical states. Comparisons will be made between numerical results and the experimental critical value and deformation patterns of a new generation profiler. Furthermore, the combined effects of geometric imperfections, residual stresses and plasticity will be analyzed.     

长江下游福姜沙水道深水航道维护特性分析*

针对福姜沙水道深水航道维护特性问题,采用航道演变、水沙运动基本理论和实测维护量资料分析相结合的研究手段,重点研究福姜沙水道近期航道维护量分布及其响应变化特征。研究表明,在多年自然演变和人工治理工程控制作用下,福姜沙水道已形成福中、福北和福南3条靠疏浚维护的航道并存的态势。上游径流量与航道内疏浚浅区回淤量总体呈良好的正相关关系,航槽疏浚区呈现洪季回淤快、枯季回淤慢的特点。建议下阶段加强福北水道减淤措施研究。     

溶剂型保险杠涂装机器人的水性化改造应用

首先介绍了保险杠水性漆涂装工艺及特点,并针对工艺相关的需求,对涂装机器人的选型进行了对比和分析.随后,详细介绍了不停产条件下,将溶剂型保险杠涂装机器人改为水性涂装机器人的改造切换应用方案.通过利用水油通用、分步切换等方案,克服了旧线水性化改造面临的大批量垂直切换时间不足、风险大等难题,为类似涂装线的改造提供解决方案和应...     

湿热地区沥青混合料水稳定性评价方法研究

针对湿热地区的实际情况,在分析和比较浸水马歇尔试验和冻融劈裂试验优缺点的基础上,自行设计了浸水劈裂试验。对相同材料,相同级配的沥青混合料分别进行这3种试验。试验结果分析表明:浸水马歇尔试验不宜作为沥青混合料水损坏的评价方法;冻融劈裂试验具有较好的区分性,和黏附性试验相关性也较好,但仍有一些不足之处;浸水劈裂试验对冻融劈裂试验进行了改进,比较适宜作为湿热地区沥青混合料水稳性能评价方法。     

北京地铁盾构施工区间隧道质量管理和控制

盾构施工技术已发展成为我国地铁隧道施工的重要工法之一.结合北京市地铁隧道盾构法施工的现状,对施工阶段的划分及各阶段的质量管理与控制要点进行阐述.通过分析盾构法施工的全过程,分阶段、分层次、按不同内容对工程施工过程进行管理和控制,有利于进一步提高北京地铁盾构法施工的工程质量.     

两亲磁性聚合物微球的制备

以FeSO4和FeCl3为主要原料,用十二烷基磺酸钠作为表面活性剂,制备了稳定的水分散性Fe3O4磁流体.再以聚乙二醇、甲苯-2,4-二异氰酸酯和丙烯酸-β-羟乙酯合成聚氨酯(PU)大分子单体.在Fe3O4磁流体存在下,以乙醇/水为分散介质,过硫酸钾作为引发剂,通过苯乙烯与PU大分子单体共聚制备出了两亲磁性聚合物微球.所制得的磁性聚合物微球粒径小,平均粒径约14μm;在磁场中的沉降速度为自然沉降速度的8倍,试验结果说明磁性聚合物微球的磁性很强,磁性聚合物微球具有简便、快速的磁分离特性.