真空预压施工质量控制要点与常见问题的应对措施

真空预压软基加固技术已渐趋成熟并得到广泛应用,真空预压施工中的质量控制是决定整个软基加固工程质量的关键。结合多年来积累的真空预压软基加固施工经验并参考相关文献,阐述真空预压施工质量控制的要点,针对施工中常见的工程质量问题提出应对措施．可供同类工程参考。     

不同纽配结构水泥稳定穆砾材料CT试验分析

利用工业CT三维扫描成像技术,进行了3类典型级配结构对比试验,分析了不同结构水泥稳定砂砾材料在过载条件下破坏前、后的微观特性．研究结果表明：悬浮密实结构、骨架密实结构及骨架空隙结构这3种典型级配结构的空隙率主要受最大空隙体积的影响;骨架密实型结构大粒径骨料破坏后形成的较小骨料和胶结料形成的整体仍有一定的强度,该结构抗疲劳破坏潜力较大;优化水泥稳定砂砾基层级配结构可有效增强其抗破坏能力．该研究成果对干旱荒漠区公路工程施工和设计具有指导作用．     

Impact of special shipping across the Taiwan Straits on the employment of Taiwanese ship officers

Nowhere else in the world are there marine transportations highly confined than across the Taiwan Straits (mainland China and Taiwan). This study strives to explore the present employment status of Taiwanese ship officers under the influence of special shipping across the Taiwan Straits, and to make sure if such an employment trend has a negative impact on the future operating mode of Taiwan shipping companies. By means of field interview and questionnaire, this study collected the employment data of ship officers from 21 leading shipping companies in Taiwan, and made a statistical analysis. The research findings show that the existing cross-strait shipping relationship, which is seriously distorted by the hostility between the governments of Taiwan and mainland China across the Taiwan Straits, has made Taiwanese shipping companies turn to flagging-out in order to enter the extensive shipping market of mainland China. This leads to a decline of job opportunities for Taiwanese ship officers. Ironically, the ship officers from mainland China pose a biggest threat to those in Taiwan in this respect. In addition, the operating modes of Taiwanese shipping companies also change gradually in tune with the increasing number of non-Taiwanese ship officers (mainly those from mainland China).     

高速列车车体侧顶圆弧结构优化

以新一代高速列车车体为研究对象,对车体结构进行了有限元分析,得到了车体侧顶圆弧结构区的应力分布.在对圆弧结构区弹性力学平面简化模型分析的基础上给出了型材分布规律,对型材结构进行了优化改进,使车体圆弧结构区的应力明显降低,为车体结构的实际设计和优化提供了有效的参考依据.     

橡胶粉对混凝土抗冻耐久性的影响

通过室内试验,采用冲击弹性波技术测量混凝土的动弹模,研究了橡胶粉及掺量对混凝土抗冻耐久性的影响.结果表明:与普通混凝土相比,冻融次数较少时,适量掺加橡胶粉,混凝土的质量增加、动弹模降低、相对动弹模增加、抗压强度有所降低,橡胶粉掺量对抗冻性能影响不大;但冻融次数较大时,适量掺加橡胶粉,混凝土的质量损失率减小,动弹模、相对动弹模及抗压强度增加,抗冻性能增强,最佳橡胶粉掺量为15～20 kg/m3.通过扫描电镜试验分析,揭示了掺加橡胶粉提高混凝土抗冻耐久性的微观机理.研究成果可为混凝土抗冻耐久性设计提供理论依据和参考.     

Symmetry based searching process for initial conditions of passive running

Symmetrical passive running of a simple spring model is commonly used to predict the locomotion of real animals and develop the design strategies for legged systems. If the initial conditions for running can be found automatically, we can expand the ranges of the model parameters freely. To achieve this objective, we derive an efficient searching procedure based on analysis of the symmetries. Using this process, the desired initial states of the passive running are obtained. Existence of the results reveals that the leg symmetries can be used to generate the symmetrical running. Moreover, the leg forces are associated with the running pattern, implying that we should choose suitable motion for the given model characteristics.     

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无线传感网是采集实时交通信息的重要工具.因其节点能量有限,必须设计高能效的分簇路由算法以延长网络周期.本文通过建立一种智能交通中无线传感器网络的应用模型,根据其特点和要求分析LEACH协议的优缺点并提出一种能量负载均衡的分簇算法.该算法对LEACH协议当中的簇首机制进行改进,综合考虑候选节点的剩余能量和簇首节点的分布位置;建立簇间多跳路由机制以避免单跳通信的大能量消耗;创造一种簇重构方法,避免过于频繁的簇重构引起的不必要能量消耗.仿真结果表明,能量均衡算法可有效平衡节点能量消耗分布,延长网络生命周期,可很好的应用于基于WSN的ITS当中.     

沥青检测指标统计与试验影响因素分析

通过统计分析大量沥青指标数据,总结了沥青指标中的受条件影响显著的指标,以及试验操作中需要注意的操作事项。     

液压混合动力汽车在典型城市工况下的性能分析

本文中提出了一种液压混合动力无级变速器,它将发动机的输出功率分流为液压功率和机械功率两部分,通过调整两部分功率的比值,能实现无级变速,还能有效回收车辆的制动能量。通过建立数学模型和仿真,分析了装用该变速器的液压混合动力汽车在典型城市工况下的性能,结果表明,与原汽油车相比,该混合动力汽车在两种不同运行情形下分别节能10.4%和16.4%。     

基于改进水压分布的岩石边坡倾覆稳定性分析

基于改进地下水力分布假设,运用极限平衡方法,综合考虑锚固效应、冰雪冻胀作用和地震荷载的影响,推导出典型岩石边坡倾覆稳定系数计算式.算例分析表明:采用改进后的水力分布假设进行岩石边坡倾覆稳定性分析更加合理;出流缝堵塞、地下水位升高、锚杆(索)锚固力和设置高度降低、冰雪冻胀作用加强、水平背向坡体和竖直向上的等效地震荷载对岩石边坡倾覆稳定性不利;锚杆(索)设置角度对边坡倾覆稳定性影响不大.同时,绘制了饱水岩石边坡倾覆稳定系数与几何要素之间的关系图,据此可迅速判定复杂条件下一定几何要素饱水边坡的倾覆稳定状态,便于工程实际运用.