Understanding travellers’ response is essential to address policy questions arising from spatial and transport planning sectors. This paper demonstrates the usefulness of the multi-state supernetwork approach to investigate the effects of land-use transport scenarios on individuals’ travel patterns. In particular, it illustrates that multi-state supernetworks are capable of representing activity-travel patterns at a high level of detail, including the choice of mode, route, parking and activity location. Multi-faceted activity-travel preferences can be accommodated in supernetworks. Using a micro-simulation approach, the adaptation of individuals’ travel patterns to policies can be readily captured. The illustration concerns hypothetical land-use and transport scenarios for the city of Rotterdam (The Netherlands), focusing on accessibility changes, modal substitution and shift in the use of transport and location facilities. 相似文献
The strip assumption is the basis of current buffeting analysis. However, the strip assumption has limitation in describing the buffeting load on a line-like structure. The validity of strip assumption was presented and an empirical 3-D aerodynamic admittance was proposed to describe the lift on streamlined decks. The relations between the 3-D admittance and Sears function are depicted. 相似文献
Joint travel problem (JTP) is an extension of the classic shortest path problem and relevant to shared mobility. A pioneering endeavor via supernetwork framework has been put forward to model two-person JTP. However, it was only addressed in the static context and with the assumption of zero waiting disutility, which resulted in no or weak synchronization among the travelers. This paper proposes a space–time multi-state supernetwork framework to address JTP for conducting one joint activity in the time-dependent context. Space–time synchronization and various choice facets related to joint travel are captured systematically. Two-person JTP is first discussed in a uni-modal transport network, and further extended to incorporate multi-modal and multi-person respectively. Stage-wise recursive formulations are proposed to find the optimal joint paths. It is found that JTP is a variant of Steiner tree problem by reduction and the number of meeting/departing points has no impact on the run-time complexity in space–time multi-state supernetworks.
