扭王字块在连云港旗台港区25万t级矿石码头围堰中应用

结合在连云港旗台港区25万t级矿石码头围堰中的施工实践,介绍了扭王块的预制施工工艺.介绍了扭王字块预制过程中出现的质量问题和原因分析,提出了改进措施.同时介绍了扭王字块的安装施工工艺,分析了安装时出现的技术问题,提出了解决措施.这对类似有关工程具有借鉴作用.     

延长堆高机门架油管及滑轮组使用寿命

为了提高堆高机门架油管及滑轮组使用寿命,分析了其故障现象,找出了故障原因。分别就油管选型不合适,油管滑轮组轴承型号选择有误,油管安装时未释放扭曲应力三个问题提出了处理方法。降低了成本,提高了生产效率。     

Competition and disruption in a dynamic urban supply chain

Rapid changes and complexities in business environments have stressed the importance of interactions between partners and competitors, leading supply chains to become the most important element of contemporary business environments. There is a concomitant need for foresight in describing supply chain performance in all operating environments, including those involving punctuated disruptions. Furthermore, the urban metropolis is now widely recognized to be an environment which is especially vulnerable to supply chain disruptions and for which integrated supply chain decisions can produce very substantial net benefits. Accordingly, this paper presents a dynamic supply chain network model formulated as a differential variational inequality; the model is fashioned to allow consideration of supply chain disruption threats to producers, freight carriers, and retail enterprises. The DVI is solved using a fixed-point algorithm, and a simple numerical example, introduced to illustrate how the impacts of supply chain disruptions may be quantified, is presented.     

Analysis of the environmental benefits of a motorcycle idling stop policy at urban intersections

In an attempt to reduce CO₂ emissions from motorized transport, the Taiwanese government introduced an idling stop policy for vehicles in early 2007. This paper seeks to quantify the environmental benefits of the policy based on a stated preference analysis. Motorcyclists were surveyed at urban intersections in Taiwan, to identify the amount of time they would be willing to turn off their engines while waiting at traffic lights (the WTO). A contingent valuation framework based on stated preference questions was designed to determine the WTO. Results obtained from the Spike model showed that the average motorcyclist’s WTO is 82 s. In another analysis, in which other variables were taken into consideration, such as the possibility that the policy will be enacted as legislation, the expected WTO increased to 101 s. In both cases, an idling stop policy would have positive environmental effects, reducing gasoline usage by 1021 L per hour and reducing CO₂ emissions by 0.56 metric tons per hour at the intersection studied during peak periods.     

大型地下互通式立交型式选择和路线标准研究

文章通过对地下和地面立交对比分析,给出了三路和四路地下立体交叉的几种立交型式建议;并从造价和行车安全的角度,给出了地下立交分岔隧道的部分路线标准确定方法。在地下隧道立交的选型中,应尽量选取少交叉口、少叠交层次和行车视距较好的型式。在路线标准的选择中,尤其要注意满足运营速度下的停车视距,以保障行车安全。在考虑安全因素的同时,经济性和工程造价也是决定隧道型式和路线标准的重要因素。     

“低碳经济”背景下公路隧道照明节能策略

目前我国公路隧道运营照明存在的突出问题主要表现在:照明设计参数有待完善、照明控制方式较为落后、照明节能理念存在误区、照明设施养护未得重视。文章基于建设"环境友好型"公路隧道理念,从系统工程角度提出公路隧道照明节能的15项重要措施,包括准确测试洞外亮度、优化照明设计参数、选择使用节能光源等,基本涵盖公路隧道照明技术性节能、结构性节能、管理性节能的各个方面。工程实践表明,这些技术和措施可实现公路隧道照明综合节能20%以上的总体目标,具有较好的生态效益、经济效益和社会效益。     

膨胀岩土地层盾构隧道结构力学行为研究

文章在提出膨胀接触压力概念的基础上,采用接触单元对膨胀接触压力和膨胀力的关系进行了研究,得出了膨胀接触压力与膨胀岩土分布、厚度、结构及地层刚度等的关系;同时对膨胀岩土地层中盾构隧道"荷载-结构"模式外荷载及"梁-弹簧"模型的特点进行了分析;并将其分析结果直接应用到成都地铁2号线膨胀岩土地层盾构隧道的结构分析中,得出了盾构隧道在不同膨胀岩土层、膨胀力、埋深和拼装方式条件下的结构内力值,对隧道结构设计起到了指导作用。     

Modeling capacity flexibility of transportation networks

Flexibility of the transportation system is one of the important performance measures needed to deal with demand changes. In this paper, we provide a quantitative assessment of capacity flexibility for the passenger transportation network using bi-level network capacity models. Two approaches for assessing the value of capacity flexibility are proposed. One approach is based on the concept of reserve capacity, which reflects the flexibility with respect to changes in terms of demand volume only. The second approach allows for variations in the demand pattern in addition to changes in demand volume in order to more fully capture demand changes. Two models are developed in the second approach to consider two types of capacity flexibility. The total capacity flexibility allows all users to have both route choice and destination choice when estimating capacity flexibility. The limited capacity flexibility estimates how much more demand volume could be added to a fixed demand pattern by allowing the additional demand to deviate from the fixed demand pattern. Numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the different concepts of capacity flexibility for a passenger transportation system under demand changes.     

华蓥山隧道硫化氢气体检测及综合整治研究

华蓥山特长隧道洞身穿越区域性含油地层,残余油气藏的原油在热作用下产生具有较强毒性和臭鸡蛋气味的硫化氢气体,透过衬砌裂缝或渗漏水进入隧道,影响隧道内的卫生标准和洞内行车的舒适性.通过隧道内渗漏水中硫化物和挥发性物质成分的测定,得出渗漏水是带出硫化氢气体的重要通道之一;检测隧道内硫化氢气体浓度的分布,确定硫化氢气体涌出的主要段落.基于隧道内硫化氢气体的涌出通道,制订采用地下水封闭引排、裂缝封堵和加强隧道内运营通风相结合的综合治理措施.参照国内外其它行业有关硫化氢气体浓度控制标准,制订了隧道内硫化氢气体的卫生标准和舒适性标准,在无现行规范可循的情况下,具有一定的参考意义.     

当前铁路隧道施工亟待解决的若干技术问题

高速铁路隧道工程建设标准高,施工难度大,安全风险高,施工管理要求严格。文章以贵广铁路隧道工程为实例,结合当前国内隧道施工技术现状和贵广铁路隧道创新技术的现场实践,研究分析了制约隧道施工安全和施工效率的突出技术问题,取得了一系列研究成果:①基于精细爆破技术的微台阶开挖工艺可有效解决IV、V级围岩隧道开挖进度与工序安全距离之间的矛盾;②得益于通风技术和空气净化技术的进步,无轨运输方式可以适应于长大隧道的施工;③隧道仰拱快速施工设备和隧道沟槽移动模架的开发应用填补了这一领域的空白;④信息化施工是未来隧道施工技术发展的大趋势。