A data model applied to the knowledge-based ICAS

Image-guided computer aided surgery system (ICAS) contributes to safeness and success of surgery operations by means of displaying anatomical structures and showing correlative information to surgeons in the process of operation. Based on analysis of requirements for ICAS, a new concept of clinical knowledge-based ICAS was proposed. Designing a reasonable data structure model is essential for realizing this new concept. The traditional data structure is limited in expressing and reusing the clinical knowledge such as locating an anatomical object, topological relations of anatomical objects and correlative clinical attributes. A data structure model called mixed adjacency lists by octree-path-chain (MALOC) was outlined, which can combine patient's images with clinical knowledge, as well as efficiently locate the instrument and search the objects' information. The efficiency of data structures was analyzed and experimental results were given in comparison to other traditional data structures. The result of the nasal surgery experiment proves that MALOC is a proper model for clinical knowledge-based ICAS that has advantages in not only locating the operative instrument precisely but also proving surgeons with real-time operation-correlative information. It is shown that the clinical knowledge-based ICAS with MALOC model has advantages in terms of safety and success of surgical operations, and help in accurately locating the operative instrument and providing operation-correlative knowledge and information to surgeons in the process of operations.     

TNFα、Leptin-Rb、NF-κB和PPAR-γ在酒精性肝病大鼠肝细胞中的表达

目的 探讨TNFα、NF-κB、Leptin-Rb和PPAR-γ等在大鼠酒精性肝病中与肝组织炎症、坏死和纤维化的关系.方法 胃造瘘法建立长期大鼠酒精性肝病模型,分别在第4、8、12、24和52周用免疫组化、原位杂交和RT-PCR技术检测不同阶段大鼠肝组织中TNFα、NF-κB、PPAR-γ和Leptin-Rb等的表达.结果 TNFα、NF-κB和Leptin-Rb水平在模型组大鼠肝细胞中,第8周表达逐渐增强,第24周起高水平表达一直持续至52周(P<0.01).PPAR-γ在对照组和第4、8周模型组肝细胞中表达最强,第12周表达开始减弱.TNFα和NF-κB在肝细胞中的表达呈明显正相关关系,与PPAR-γ则呈负相关关系(P<0.01).结论 TNFα和NF-κB与肝细胞病变程度有很好的一致性关系,Leptin-Rb在肝细胞的表达与肝纤维化发展相一致,PPAR-γ则刚好相反.     

不同老化条件对沥青性能的影响

沥青老化是影响沥青路面使用性能的重要因素。沥青老化与时间、光照及温度等因素有密切关系,该文采用室内薄膜烘箱试验（TFOT）、旋转薄膜烘箱试验（RTFOT）以及压力老化试验（PAV）来模拟沥青的短期老化和长期老化。通过旋转粘度试验（Brookfield）、动态剪切试验（DSR）、低温弯曲流变梁试验（BBR）得到了不同老化条件下沥青的高温黏度、G^＊/Sinδ指标及低温性能的变化规律。     

钢桥面铺装混合料三轴重复加载试验变形特性

为了研究钢桥面铺装材料的高温变形特性及其车辙预估方法, 针对MA及SMA两种钢桥面铺装混合料, 采用三轴重复加载试验评价其高温性能, 并根据试验结果, 通过多元线性回归得到材料的非线性计算模型参数, 使用ABAQUS有限元软件, 模拟三轴试验过程, 将计算变形与实测变形相比较。发现两种混合料高温变形发展规律以及对不同荷载条件的响应方式不同, SMA具有优异的高温抗变形能力; 有限元模拟的误差约为10%。分析结果表明: 采用三轴重复加载试验和多元线性回归确定材料的非线性计算模型参数的方法可靠, 模型参数可用于沥青桥面铺装的车辙变形预估。     

预应力束张拉顺序对锚下局部应力影响分析

预应力混凝土构件中通常布置有多束预应力束,在施工设计中需要考虑预应力束的张拉顺序,合理的进行预应力筋的张拉。采用有限元程序ANSYS对不同的预应力束张拉顺序下某大桥主粱被动锚固区的局部应力进行分析计算,计算结果对同类桥梁的设计施工有一定的参考价值。     

基于单调关联系统的驾驶行为可靠度计算方法

为合理评估驾驶员驾驶行为的可靠性, 提出了驾驶行为可靠度计算方法, 将人机系统可靠性理论与驾驶行为链相结合, 构建了基于感知、判断、操作元件及模块组的驾驶行为可靠性框图, 确定了单项器官元件可靠度测试与计算方法, 运用单调关联系统理论给出了功能模块可靠度及驾驶行为系统可靠度的量化模型, 计算了模型中各生理、心理元件概率重要度, 分析了其对驾驶行为的影响度。计算结果表明: 事故组与非事故组间行为可靠性存在明显差异, 非事故组的可靠性整体大于事故组, 但整体可靠性呈下降趋势, 事故组驾驶员整体操作稳定性较差; 生理因素对驾驶行为可靠度影响度前期较大后期较小, 而心理因素则相反。     

Flow Stress Model of Stainless Steel OCr13Ni5Mo at Elevated Temperature

For a more accurate forming calculation and numerical simulation of hydraulic turbine blade,experimental studies on the flow stress of stainless steel OCr13Ni5Mo were carried out upon Gleeble-1500 thermal simulator under different deformation conditions.The results then were analyzed and the effects of all influencing factors were summarized consequently.New mathematic models were conceived.Utilizing the software Matlab,regression coefficients were calculated by the least square method.The model has an eminent capability of curve-fitting performance with impact structure whose correlation coefficient is up to 0.908 0 and the cosine coefficient is 0.995 8.All mathematic models and process parameters can be used in engineering calculations or computer simulations.     

清初福建赶缯战船复原研究

古代的福船究竟是什么样子?怎样建造起来的?又是如何操控驾驶?<钦定福建省外海战船则例>和<闽省水师各标镇协营战哨船只图说>是记载清初水师战船建造工料定额的官方文件,这两册古籍的发现、解读和研究,以及沿用福建传统造船法式对其中一款赶缯战船进行复原建造实验,从造船技术史角度初步解开了清初福建外海赶缯战船的船型与建造技术之谜.     

两种算法在公路评标中的运用对比

选择正确的承包商直接影响业主的利益和工程质量,在我国,评标方法已经有一定的发展,其中以GRA算法及最小隶属度偏差法为代表,通过介绍两种算法运用在评标过程的思路及计算步骤,对其进行分析比较,指出其相同点和不同点。