质子交换膜燃料电池电化学建模及仿真

从热力学和动力学理论出发,对燃料电池的工作原理进行研究。通过对活化极化、浓差极化、欧姆极化的数学描述,建立电化学仿真模型。结合试验数据,辨识模型中的参数,并用MATLAB/SIMULINK仿真平台对质子交换膜燃料电池进行仿真分析。结果表明:仿真结果与实验数据比较吻合,模型具有良好的稳态性能,能够有效应用于燃料电池系统理论和技术研究。     

A G/G(n)/C/C state‐dependent simulation model for metro station corridor width design

Metro station corridor and passengers are described as a G/G(n)/C/C state‐dependent queuing system with a general random arrival interval G and a general random and state‐dependent service time G(n) to offset the shortcomings in existing design methods. The corresponding G/G(n)/C/C state‐dependent discrete event simulation model is developed, and its high‐fidelity is tested. Then the optimization algorithm based on the simulation model is designed to determine corridor width. The proposed simulation optimization method and the existing analytical optimization methods, based on M/G(n)/C/C and D/D/1/C queuing models, are applied to design corridor width in a numerical example of 48 combinations of passenger flow rates and level of service (LOS). The designed corridor widths are tested in a micro‐simulation model, and the performance measure is compared. The result shows that the corridor widths obtained by the new method are 0.357 m (7.4%) larger than that of the other two methods on average; the area per passenger of the new method increases 10.53% and 11.63%, respectively, compared with that of the other two methods; the widths designed by the new method satisfy the requirement of LOS under various passenger flows, whereas 93% of the corridor widths obtained by the other two methods fail to meet the requirement of LOS, and the corridor widths designed by the new method have high elasticity coefficients of LOS‐width. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Trigger algorithm of vehicle automatic crash notification system

The Automatic Crash Notification (ACN) system is an effective technology to decrease the crash response time, improve the level of post-accident rescue and alleviate the severity of injuries. To realize this system, a vehicle terminal is developed. And based on a moving window integral algorithm, the trigger algorithm of ACN system is designed. By comparing the effect of different window widths on the trigger algorithm, we select the window width of the moving window integral algorithm as 8 ms. After system is triggered, different notify types was determined according to the change of velocity in the moving window. A sled impact simulation test shows that the impact can be identified rapidly and also the notify types can be judged by the trigger algorithm. A vehicle road test proves that the ACN system has no false trigger cases. The outcomes of this study support identifications of accidents and crash severities for both occupants and emergency centers.     

干线公路城镇段接入方式适应性分析

地方道路随意接入干线公路不仅造成了干线公路街道化现象越来越明显,而且也严重制约了干线功能的发挥。在分析接入方式影响因素的基础上给出了直接接入、利用辅路接入、利用服务道路接入和联合出入口4种接入方式的利弊以及适用情况,为合理地规划设计地方道路接入干线公路提供了参考。     

北京市小汽车发展的外部效应分析

从公共经济学角度,对北京市小汽车的发展进行了外部效应分析,指出了随着保用量的增长,对社会产生负外部效应,提出了矫正小汽车发展外部效应的措施建议,希望能够为有关政府部门制定决策提供理论借鉴。     

夏季桥面沥青铺装层温度预估及其力学影响

为了准确预估桥面柔性铺装内的温度分布状况,根据传热学基本理论和导热微分方程相关理论,建立箱型梁桥桥面铺装温度数值预估模型,使用有限差分法对其进行了求解,结果表明夏季箱型梁桥桥面铺装全天均保持高温状态。并运用预估结果分析了连续高温天气对桥面铺装力学响应的影响,分析表明高温导致的温度梯度使得导致铺装层内应力更为不利。     

大粒径ATB高温稳定性研究

借鉴国内外沥青混合料设计方法进行大粒径沥青稳定碎石基层配合比设计,根据路基实际情况,通过车辙试验,分析不同温度下不同级配大粒径沥青稳定碎石的高温稳定性,试验结果表明：大粒径沥青稳定碎石具有较好的高温稳定性。     

斜拉桥悬臂施工中的非线性稳定性分析

在斜拉桥的悬臂施工中结构的稳定性主要由施工过程控制.文中以非线性稳定性理论为基础,利用ANSYS的单元生死功能对铁罗坪大桥进行了施工全过程的非线性稳定性分析,分析了悬臂施工长度、不平衡施工荷载和横向静风荷载等因素对斜拉桥施工稳定性的影响.     

CFD在船舶两种不同推进器中的应用研究

根据船舶螺旋桨和喷水推进器工作的特点,界定了两者数值计算流场控制体的范围.运用结构化与非结构化网格相结合的方法对流场计算区域进行网格划分.通过求解雷诺时均的控制方程,预报了2种推进器的外特性,分析了2种推进器流场的特点,比对了预报结果和试验数据间的吻合程度.比较了CFD在2种推进器上应用的不同点,说明了CFD在螺旋桨和喷水推进上应用的可行性与优缺点.     

零埋深进洞在隧道施工中的应用

依托柞水至小河高速公路杨家湾隧道右线工程,针对隧道入口处围岩为强风化板岩,节理、裂隙发育、岩体破碎、围岩稳定性差等特点,提出“零埋深进洞”,即“零开挖”的设计、施工理念。即按“早进洞、晚出洞”的原则,最大限度地缩小洞口施工对自然边仰坡原始植被的破坏程度,稳定边仰坡美化环境。工程实践证明,所提方法对于隧道洞口围岩条件较差的情况是比较适合的。