一种直接控制神经元模型及其在列车停车控制中的应用

本文提出了一种直接控制的神经元模型，并用它构成了前馈神经网络，该网络在用ＢＰ学习算法学习时，提出了变学习步长和势态项系统的方法。并且该网络在特殊情况下，其输出可直接受输入神经元控制，把该神经元所构成的前馈网络应用于列车停车控制中。     

Enhancing roll stability of heavy vehicle by LQR active anti-roll bar control using electronic servo-valve hydraulic actuators

Rollover of heavy vehicle is an important road safety problem world-wide. Although rollovers are relatively rare events, they are usually deadly accidents when they occur. The roll stability loss is the main cause of rollover accidents in which heavy vehicles are involved. In order to improve the roll stability, most of modern heavy vehicles are equipped with passive anti-roll bars to reduce roll motion during cornering or riding on uneven roads. However these may be not sufficient to overcome critical situations. This paper introduces the active anti-roll bars made of four electronic servo-valve hydraulic actuators, which are modelled and integrated in a yaw-roll model of a single unit heavy vehicle. The control signal is the current entering the electronic servo-valve and the output is the force generated by the hydraulic actuator. The active control design is achieved solving a linear optimal control problem based on the linear quadratic regulator (LQR) approach. A comparison of several LQR controllers is provided to allow for tackling the considered multi-objective problems. Simulation results in frequency and time domains show that the use of two active anti-roll bars (front and rear axles) drastically improves the roll stability of the single unit heavy vehicle compared with the passive anti-roll bar.     

Eradication of algae in ships＇ ballast water by electrolyzing

In order to verify the effectiveness of electrolytic treatment on ships＇ ballast water, experiments are carried out by a pilot system in laboratory. The raw seawater and seawater with different concentrations of different algae are simulated as ships＇ ballast water. The algae in the raw seawater can be killed if it is treated by electrolysis with an initial residual chlorine concentration of 5 mg/L. If the seawater with one kind of algae （Nitzschia closterum, Dicrateria spp., or Pyramidomonnas sp.105cells/mL） is treated by electrolysis with an initial residual chlorine concentration of 5 mg/L the alga can be sterilized, If the seawater with one kind of algae （Dunaliella sp., Platymonas or Chlorella spp.） is directly treated by electrolyzing with an initial residual chlorine concentration of 4 mg/L, the instant mortality changes with the concentration of different algae. However, after 72 hours, in all treated samples, there are no live algal cells found.     

Pruning and ranking the Pareto optimal set,application for the dynamic multi‐objective network design problem

Solving the multi‐objective network design problem (MONDP) resorts to a Pareto optimal set. This set can provide additional information like trade‐offs between objectives for the decision making process, which is not available if the compensation principle would be chosen in advance. However, the Pareto optimal set of solutions can become large, especially if the objectives are mainly opposed. As a consequence, the Pareto optimal set may become difficult to analyze and to comprehend. In this case, pruning and ranking becomes attractive to reduce the Pareto optimal set and to rank the solutions to assist the decision maker. Because the method used, may influence the eventual decisions taken, it is important to choose a method that corresponds best with the underlying decision process and is in accordance with the qualities of the data used. We provided a review of some methods to prune and rank the Pareto optimal set to illustrate the advantages and disadvantages of these methods. The methods are applied using the outcome of solving the dynamic MONDP in which minimizing externalities of traffic are the objectives, and dynamic traffic management measures are the decision variables. For this, we solved the dynamic MONDP for a realistic network of the city Almelo in the Netherlands using the non‐dominated sorting genetic algorithm II. For ranking, we propose to use a fuzzy outranking method that can take uncertainties regarding the data quality and the perception of decision makers into account; and for pruning, a method that explicitly reckons with significant trade‐offs has been identified as the more suitable method to assist the decision making process. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

集装箱运煤列车拨车机的设计

针对某港口支线铁路煤炭装箱作业的实际情况,设计了一种全液压驱动的拨车机,用来牵引待装箱作业的空车列以及将满载集装箱重车列推出装箱区域,可代替机车的牵引定位作业,提高装箱作业的效率,减少能耗.     

散货船的总振动模态计算和动力响应预报

针对某散货船建立一维梁模型和混合有限元模型。在总振动计算的基础上,对3种不同的螺旋桨激振力的施加方式进行比较研究,计算其尾部及上层建筑的强迫振动响应,最后根据船舶振动基准进行振动评价。计算结果表明,该散货船的振动特性良好,对该类型船舶的振动和响应预报具有一定的参考价值。     

Modelling Externalities using Dynamic Traffic Assignment Models: A Review

Recently, there has been a growing interest in externalities in our society, mainly in the context of climate and air quality, which are of importance when policy decisions are made. For the assessment of externalities in transport, often the output of static traffic assignment models is used in combination with so-called effect models. Due to the rapidly increasing possibilities of using dynamic traffic assignment (DTA) models for large-scale transportation networks and the application of traffic measures, already several models have been developed to assess the externalities using DTA models more precisely. Different research projects have shown that there is a proven relation between the traffic dynamics and externalities, such as emissions of pollutants and traffic safety. This means that the assessment of external effects can be improved by using temporal information about flow, speed and density, which is the output of DTA models. In this paper, the modelling of traffic safety, emissions and noise in conjunction with DTA models is reviewed based on an extensive literature survey. This review shows that there are still gaps in knowledge in assessing traffic safety, much research is available concerning emissions, and although little research has been conducted concerning the assessment of noise using DTA models, the methods available can be used to assess the effects. Most research so far has focused on the use of microscopic models, while mesoscopic or macroscopic models may have a high potential for improving the assessment of these effects for larger networks.     

核桃壳对水中Pb2+和Ni2+吸附研究

以1.6~2.5 mm的新疆核桃壳作为吸附剂,研究其对模拟废水中Pb2+和Ni2+的吸附性能。实验表明：25℃,pH值为5.5,吸附剂用量1.2 g时Pb2+的吸附量最大;pH值为6.0,吸附剂用量2.0 g时Ni2+的吸附量最大,Pb2+的吸附容量为Ni2+的3倍。Pb2+, Ni2+竞争及偏好吸附表明,Ni2+的干扰使Pb2+的吸附容量下降14.8%,Pb2+的干扰使Ni2+的吸附容量下降66.5%,吸附剂对Pb2+的选择性更高。     

国内客车安全技术研究进展

为提高客车安全性,了解目前客车相关安全标准法规的状况及不足,分析了当前先进的国内汽车主动安全新技术,尤其是部分国内客车企业在安全预警系统、基于ABS的拓展技术及协同式智能安全技术等先进主动安全新技术在客车上的研发和应用;针对国内客车被动安全性存在的问题,分析了部分客车企业在全承载技术、正面碰撞及侧翻试验方面的最新进展状况,并简要概述了国内外安全法规对客车被动安全的性能要求和试验方法。对国内客车安全技术研究进展分析有助于制订更加先进、合理的客车技术标准法规,使其进一步促进国内客车安全技术水平的提高。     

北京地铁5号线宋家庄站铺轨基地的实施与作用

介绍在宋家庄车站顶板设置铺轨基地的起因、建设经历,阐述该基地的实施效果即有力地保证北京地铁5号线总工期,证明施工过程中良好的适应性和应变能力的必要性和重要性。