一种混合式直流断路器设计方法

针对一种典型的混合式直流断路器,本文提出了优先进行"零电流换流过程设计",随后进行"零电压换流过程设计"的设计方法。以8 k V/4k A的混合式直流断路器为例,针对预期短路电流160 k A且短路时间常数为7 ms的工况,基于该方法成功实现了短路分断时间不超过1.8 ms且分断峰值电流不超过40 k A的设计指标。该方法对混合式直流断路器的设计具有一定的指导意义。     

Incorporating container location dispersion into evaluating GCR performance at a transhipment terminal

The degree of container dispersion at a transhipment terminal is measured by an index termed container location dispersion, which represents the range, both horizontal and vertical, of all containers for ship loading that are scattered in the yard. First, this paper identifies the impacts of container location dispersion on loading performance with insufficient or sufficient equipment deployment in real-life settings at a terminal. Then, we investigate those scenarios with different levels of interference. This research aims to explore the relationship between the container location dispersion and Gross Crane Rate (GCR) stability at a transhipment terminal and proposes a discrete-event driven simulation model for this purpose. All data in our experiments are extracted from the terminal operation system at a real-life container terminal. It is concluded from a series of experiments that the container location dispersion well captures the overall performance of container terminal handling and can be used for yard template optimization and management. Implications of this investigation are discussed in the context of the yard template design and improvement in the overall performance of a container transhipment terminal.     

Duration analysis for recurrent ship accidents

About 63% of the world’s shipping accidents are recurrent—they occur to ships that have already experienced at least one prior accident. Therefore, reducing recurrent accidents can contribute significantly to maritime safety. We study the factors affecting both first and recurrent accidents, by focusing on the duration between two accidents. Cox proportional hazard models are applied to ship accident data from 1996 to 2015, and the results identify which ships have a high risk of recurrent accidents, based on ship attributes, ship supply and market conditions, shipbuilding country, previous accident type, and ship type. The recurrent rate is high when the ship involved in the accident is old, small, flies a flag of convenience, and has no detention record. In addition, the accident risk increases when the shipping market faces a high bunker price, overcapacity in supply, a high time charter rate, or low newbuilding price. On the other hand, ships built in China and Japan have lower recurrent accident rates than those built elsewhere, although ships built in China have earlier first accidents than do others. General cargo ships have the highest recurrent accident rate, followed by dry bulkers, container ships, and tankers, in that order.     

A practical identifier design of road variations for anti-lock brake system

Emergency brake technologies have always been a major interest of vehicle active safety-related studies. On homogeneous surfaces, traditional anti-lock brake system (ABS) can achieve efficient braking performance and maintain the handling capability as well. However, when road conditions are time variant during the braking process, or different at the bilateral wheels, braking stability performance is likely to be degraded. To address this problem and enhance ABS performances, a practical identifier of road variations is developed in this study. The proposed identifier adopts a statechart-based approach and is hierarchically constructed with a wheel layer and a full vehicle layer identifier. Based on the identification results, modifications are made to a four-phase wheel-behaviour-based ABS controller to enhance its performance. The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed identifier in collaborating with the modified ABS controller are examined via simulations and further validated by track tests under various practical braking scenarios.     

铝合金焊接结构塑性变形及断裂失效预测方法

铝合金焊接接头力学性能不均匀加大了焊接结构变形及开裂失效预测的难度。通过特殊样件拉伸试验,结合有限元反求方法获得了铝合金焊接接头焊缝、热影响区局部材料参数,建立从细观损伤力学角度预测铝合金焊接结构变形开裂的GTN(Gurson-Tvergaard-Needlemen)损伤模型。将焊接接头按照材料性能差异进行分区,构建精细有限元模型,采用Ls-dyna软件结合GTN损伤模型对铝合金拼焊薄壁梁结构轴向压溃变形及开裂失效进行了预测,预测结果与试验吻合很好,验证了该方法的有效性。     

旋压皮带轮芯模退料装置的改进

基于对旋压皮带轮旋压成型技术的研究,在退料力分析基础上,对退料装置的结构进行了改进,并采用了退料油缸,解决了旋压皮带轮退料难的问题,提高了该产品的加工质量和生产效率。     

RCrO4(R=Er,Tm)的电子结构和半金属铁磁性

用第一性原理研究了RCrO4(R=Er和Tm)氧化物的电子能带结构和半金属铁磁性,发现锆石相的RCrO4是优质的半金属铁磁材料,具有达到0.35eV的半金属能隙。为了研究磁相互作用的机制,采用密度泛函理论和广义梯度近似计算电子能带结构、态密度和自发磁矩,发现其磁性来源于R的f轨道电子、Cr的d轨道电子和O的p轨道电子的自旋极化。穿过费米能级的能带主要来源于R(4f)-O(2p)-Cr(3d)的杂化能级,并对磁性和电子输运性质起着关键作用。     

58m多用途拖船下水计算分析

着重介绍了58m多用途拖船#2船在较低水位下水时采取的改善措施,对下水计算结果进行验证分析以确定下水计算的正确性。     

港机金属结构故障诊断与安全使用期预估

1港口起重机金属结构故障诊断 金属结构的故障诊断是故障诊断工程领域的一个重点和难点,这是因为:①结构庞大,故障产生的部位很难确定;②开裂是结构最普遍的故障,它存在着潜在的危险;③金属结构折断是突发恶性故障,这种故障难于事前准确诊断.     

城市轨道交通噪声预测方法

在对城市轨道交通的噪声源特点进行分析的基础上,用类比法、比例法、模式法、模型法比较了国内外比较成熟的铁路噪声预测方法,提出把城市轨道交通噪声作为一个线声源、噪声源分解为轮轨噪声和牵引噪声分别进行预测的方法,并给出了详细的计算步骤.结合曼谷机场连接线工程,实例证明了此方法的可操作性及科学性.