和煦春风暖长江——长江海事局帮扶企业共克时艰纪实

受国际金融危机快速蔓延和世界经济发展明显减速的影响,国际航运市场需求急剧下滑,我国航运业发展也面临严峻形势。长江海事局秉承“执法为民,服务社会”的宗旨,以科学发展观为统领,努力实践“三个服务”,按照长航局“春暖行动”的统一部署,采取了一系列帮扶企业的措施,在这场“经济寒冬”中,让辖区港航企业切实感受到了“春天的暖意”。     

预应力混凝土斜交空心板正截面强度计算研究

采用有限元方法对预应力混凝土斜交空心板进行非线性全过程仿真计算分析。通过多种工况的计算比较发现,达到极限状态时截面的破坏形式、极限承载力随荷载形式不同有一些差别,并得出预应力混凝土斜交空心板的最小的荷载工况,在此基础上,提出了预应力混凝土斜交空心板正截面强度计算公式,可供工程设计参考使用。     

电控柴油喷射用电磁控制阀的改进

本文介绍了在系统地研究电磁控制阀动态响应特性的基础上研制的一种双向电磁控制阀，提出双点反馈的控制算法，并通过油泵台实验验证了该双向驱动方案的可行性。     

车用柴油机可变截面涡轮增压器控制系统研究

提出了一种以步进电机为执行器、预测函数与增压压力闭不反馈相结合的VGT控制系统，以期对喷嘴环截面积进行有效的控制，综合提高发动机的稳态和动态性能。在自行构建的软硬件系统上进行了试验，结果表明该方案简单易行，实用性很强。     

一种电控柴油机故障诊断系统的开发

针对一种民控管理系统开发了故障诊断模块，相应开发了一种基于计算机的电控柴油机故障诊断系统。该故障诊断模块和故障诊断系统配合使用，可以方便，全面地对柴油机电控系统进行诊断和自诊断，该系统有较好的扩展性，是柴油机电控系统测试，维修及开发的有效工具。     

舰船维修资源可视化管理系统研究

文章从现有维修资源相对不足的背景入手，研究了可视化技术在维修资源管理中的应用。分析了系统的可视化功能等5大功能，同时还从结构上分析了系统的3个层次，另外，从维修的时间和经费的角度出发，提出了维修的时间决策模型和经费决策模型并简要分析了这两种模型的基本原理。该系统的应用能够帮助决策者制定合理的维修预案并且可以对现有维修资源进行合理配置，能在一定程度上缓解维修资源的相对不足，提高维修资源的利用效率。     

交通噪声环境影响及互动式规划环评的应对

交通噪声投诉已居各大城市居民投诉之首,但交通噪声污染治理仍处于"先污染后治理"的模式。合理的交通规划和城市土地使用规划是解决城市交通噪声污染问题的治本之道。然而目前城市规划的各个层次对交通噪声预防考虑不足。该文提出了与规划过程互动的规划环评程序和方法,以期得到噪声污染影响最小的城市规划用地布局方案和交通规划方案。     

隧道开挖中两种围护方式综合使用的探讨

该文以宁波火车南站地下车库连接隧道为例,探讨在复杂条件下隧道基坑围护设计碰到的一些问题及其对策,为同类问题提供参考。     

Model-based design of a variable nozzle turbocharger controller

Variable Nozzle Turbocharger (VNT) was invented to solve the problem of matching an ordinary turbocharger with an engine. VNT can harness exhaust energy more efficiently, enhance intake airflow response and reduce engine emissions, especially during transient operating conditions. The difficulty of VNT control lies in how to regulate the position of the nozzle at different engine working conditions. The control strategy designed in this study is a combination of a closed-loop feedback controller and an open-loop feed-forward controller. The gain-scheduled proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller was implemented as the feedback controller to overcome the nonlinear characteristic. As it is difficult to tune the parameters of the gain-scheduled PID controller on an engine test bench, system identification was used to identify the plant model properties at different working points for a WP10 diesel engine on the test bench. The PID controller parameters were calculated based on the identified first-order-plus-dead-time (FOPDT) plant model. The joint simulation of the controller and the plant model was performed in Matlab/Simulink. The time-domain and frequency-domain performances of the entire system were evaluated. The designed VNT control system was verified with engine tests. The results indicated that the real boosting pressure traced the target boosting pressure well at different working conditions.     

Reliable sensor deployment for network traffic surveillance

New sensor technologies enable synthesis of disaggregated vehicle information from multiple locations. This paper proposes a reliable facility location model to optimize traffic surveillance benefit from synthesized sensor pairs (e.g., for travel time estimation) in addition to individual sensor flow coverage (e.g., for traffic volume statistics), while considering probabilistic sensor failures. Customized greedy and Lagrangian relaxation algorithms are proposed to solve this problem, and their performance is discussed. Numerical results show that the proposed algorithms solve the problem efficiently. We also discuss managerial insights on how optimal sensor deployment and surveillance benefits vary with surveillance objective and system parameters (such as sensor failure probabilities).