Ramp meters on trial: Evidence from the Twin Cities metering holiday

Ramp meters in the Twin Cities have been the subject of a recent test of their effectiveness, involving turning them off for eight weeks. This paper analyzes the results with and without ramp metering for several representative freeways during the afternoon peak period. Seven performance measures: mobility, equity, productivity, consumers’ surplus, accessibility, travel time variation and travel demand responses are compared. It is found that ramp meters are particularly helpful for long trips relative to short trips. Ramp metering, while generally beneficial to freeway segments, may not improve trip travel times (including ramp delays). The reduction in travel time variation comprises another benefit from ramp meters. Non-work trips and work trips respond differently to ramp meters. The results are mixed, suggesting a more refined ramp control algorithm, which explicitly considers ramp delay, is in order.     

切实加强铁路供电系统的安全生产与管理

以ISO9000质量管理体系的思想和方法为指导,结合铁路供电系统的特点,论述了铁路供电部门做好自身安全评审工作的重要意义,突出强调了这一工作的必要性和紧迫性,最后提出了开展这项工作的具体程序及步骤。     

搅拌摩擦焊在铝合金船舶上的应用

使用传统铝合金焊接技术，因铝合金材料的特性，在高温下熔化，冷却后产生变形，而薄板焊接较大的变形很难校平。搅拌摩擦焊是一种新型纯机械化固相连接技术，其焊接后变形小、质量稳定、力学性能好。介绍搅拌摩擦焊的基本原理和国外的应用状况，与铝合金传统的金属焊条惰性气体焊（MTG）和钨极惰性气体焊（TIG）进行比较，分析搅拌摩擦焊应用的经济性。     

从电动三位四通阀的研发谈提高船用设备国产化率

电动三位四通阀是货船在装卸货物和作业时调整船舶横倾的专用设备,过去都是从国外订购。为使该设备能立足国内,我国从1992年开始研发,1993年制成样机,1994年成功应用于一些实船上,取代进口设备。文章总结了研制经验,望能对国内同仁们有一定启示和参考作用,以共同加速船舶设备配套国产化率。     

37 300 t化学品船开发与设计

为建造安全的、生态友好的和经济的全球航运体系,本设计努力打造一种新的设计理念。除满足各种最新公约、规则和有关法规的要求(包括MARPOL公约、SOLAS、IBC规则、USCG和OCIMF及Exxon公司等各项要求)外,具有以下特征:装卸时间短;货油残留量最小;防污染能力更安全;高效快速洗舱。     

Second-order perturbation added mass fluctuation on vertical vibration of tension leg platforms

Total motion in waves can be considered as a superposition of the motion of the body in still water and the forces on the restrained body. In this study the effect of added mass fluctuation on vertical vibration of tension leg platforms (TLP) in the case of vibration in still water for both free and forced vibration subjected to axial load at the top of the leg is presented. This effect is more important when the amplitude of vibration is large. Also this is important in fatigue life study of tethers. The structural model used here is very simple. Perturbation method is used to formulate and solve the problem. First- and second-order perturbations are used to solve the free and forced vibrations, respectively.     

用注浆充填法治理郑少高速公路采空区

公路路基采空区或下伏空洞是一种不良的地质现象,严重危害公路路基的稳定和正常运营。文章总结了采用注浆充填法处理郑少高速公路下伏采空区的设计方法、施工技术,为类似工程的治理提供施工方法和技术参数。     

营业线施工期间的行车安全

针对铁路营业线行车设备不断更新改造,以逐步适应提速发展的实际,结合车站施工管理的实践,探索总结了车站应对营业线行车设备施工期间的行车安全组织对策.     

接地线对微机继电保护设备的抗扰度影响试验分析

为了提高电子设备电路系统工作的稳定性，同时泄放由静电感应在机箱上积累的电荷，避免电荷积累形成的高压导致设备内部放电而造成干扰，为设备和操作人员提供安全保障，接地是一项极其必要的措施。但在干扰情况下，接地线的接地效果及其对设备的影响到底怎样，还并未做过详细试验。针对与此，对微机继电保护设备采用不同接地线时所能承受的干扰电压进行试验，并总结分析，提出设计及工程人员实际工作中应注意的问题。