船舶建造模式研究

现阶段船舶航运市场不景气、船舶价位较低、涂装PSPC等建造要求与公司投资引进先进或大型设备、劳动力成本日益增加产生了较为突出的矛盾,为此,从船企船舶建造工艺再造、合理利用内外资源等方面进行分析,论述相对合理的船舶建造方案,从而达到满足涂装PSPC建造要求、提高船舶建造效率、降低时间成本、有效控制船舶建造成本的目的。     

城市路内停车管理战略及实践

为有效缓解城市停车问题,从公安交通管理角度研究路内停车管理战略。首先探讨路内违章停车对道路交通的影响,并分析问题的根源。提出引导式路内停车管理战略架构,在分析城市路内停车功能定位的基础上,阐述停车管理战略意义和目标。从确定严管区域、合理设置路内停车位、完善停车安全管理设施、强化执法手段和加大处罚力度五个方面提出路内停车管理措施;从加强宣传、增加有效停车位供给、调整城市交通结构和建立停车位电子档案库四个方面提出引导式停车管理配套措施,并探讨相应的战略保障机制。最后,通过杭州市和长沙市实例分析了停车管理战略的应用效果。     

Application of particle swarm algorithm in the optimal allocation of regional water resources based on immune evolutionary algorithm

The optimal allocation model of regional water resources is built with the purpose of maximizing the comprehensive economic,social and environmental benefits of regional water consumption.In order to solve the problems that easily appear during the model solution of regional water resource optimal allocation with multiple water sources,multiple users and multiple objectives like＂curse of dimensionality＂or sinking into local optimum,this paper proposes a particle swarm optimization（PSO）algorithm based on immune evolutionary algorithm（IEA）.This algorithm introduces immunology principle into particle swarm algorithm.Its immune memorizing and self-adjusting mechanism is utilized to keep the particles in the fitness level at a certain concentration and guarantee the diversity of population.Also,the global search characteristics of IEA and the local search capacity of particle swarm algorithm have been fully utilized to overcome the dependence of PSO on initial swarm and the deficiency of vulnerability to local optimum.After applying this model to the allocation of water resources in Zhoukou,we obtain the scheme for optimization allocation of water resources in the planning level years,i.e.2015and 2025 under the guarantee rate of 50%.The calculation results indicate that the application of this algorithm to solve the issue of optimal allocation of regional water resources is reliable and reasonable.Thus it ofers a new idea for solving the issue of optimal allocation of water resources.     

城市轨道交通开行跨站停列车的综合评价研究

城市轨道交通开行跨站停列车受到很多因素的影响,概述跨站停车方案,分析其优缺点并构建多目标综合评价体系,包括通过能力、服务水平、运营效率和费用支出4个一级指标及相应9个二级指标,阐述各指标的含义和计算方法,最后运用AHP-F法,结合具体实例对城市轨道交通跨站停车方案进行综合评价,以分析其优劣并指出不足之处。     

Effectiveness of different orthoses on joint moments in patients with early knee osteoarthritis: Lateral wedge versus valgus knee bracing

The purpose of the study was to test the biomechanical differences between a lateral wedge and a valgus knee bracing on the knee joint moment during walking in patients with early stage of medial compartment knee osteoarthritis (OA). We conducted a crossover randomized design to compare gait parameters of 32 patients (with early stage medial compartment knee OA) in three different conditions during walking: with a custom-made lateral wedge of 5° (in standard shoes), with a valgus knee bracing (in standard shoes), and with control condition (in standard shoes). Both two-orthose conditions showed decreased loading patterns (knee adduction moment and knee adduction angular impulse) on the knee joint in dynamic condition (statistic probability P < 0.05). The decreased loading on OA knee in wedge condition was associated with a laterally shifted location of centre of pressure and increased ankle valgus degree and moment at the same foot (P < 0.05). It was not found significant differences in loading of the knee between these two-orthose conditions. These results indicated that, under dynamic condition, patients wearing lateral wedge and valgus knee bracing showed changes of moments on knee joints. Lateral wedge was as effective as valgus knee bracing in the treatment of early stage of knee OA.     

汽车传动系扭振激励辨识与减振措施

为汽车传动系统扭振的建模与仿真,本文中提出了一种扭振激励的辨识方法.首先,通过实车道路试验,获得了样车加速工况的传动系扭振数据;然后,为研究和预测样车的扭振特性,建立了传动系统4自由度非线性动力学模型,同时提出了一种缸压曲线的拟合函数,并通过参数辨识得到缸压曲线的估计,从而获得激励转矩;接着,对模型进行数值仿真并与试验...     

面向C-NCAP的正面乘员约束系统优化设计

从某车型面向C-NCAP的正面乘员约束系统开发入手,经分析指出其优化流程应将正面刚性墙试验的约束系统参数优化作为主要条件,将正面偏置可变形障壁试验的约束系统参数优化作为约束条件,同时考察约束系统各参数对不同工况中乘员伤害的影响.介绍了如何运用CAE以及正面约束系统优化分析方法对参数进行优化的过程.     

后排座椅抗移动行李冲击的优化设计

强制法规GB15083-2006修订版增加了附录F<行李位移乘客防护装置的试验方法>,其目的为防止在车辆碰撞过程中,行李舱内行李向前运动,冲击后排座椅靠背,从而造成对乘员伤害.通过有限元分析方法对某车型后排座椅靠背的相关性能进行预测,并运用有限元分析方法对该车型后排座椅靠背与车身的固定点进行改进,经试验验证,最终该车型满足了GB15083-2006附录F的要求.     

荷载模糊模式识别中的应变传感器优化布置

根据遗传算法的多目标优化方法和结构荷载模糊模式识别的原理,提出了一种应变传感器测点的优化方法.根据各点应变的变异系数和线性相关性,确定了测点的候选集;采用混合遗传算法,对测点的选择进一步优化;以钢牛腿结构为例,进行了模型数值仿真分析.结果表明,采用优化后的测点,钢牛腿结构荷载的大小和作用位置的识别精度得到了很大的提高.     

204国道东台段改扩建工程水泥稳定碎石配合比设计及施工

该文结合204国道盐城南段(东台段)改扩建工程水泥稳定碎石路面基层的工程实践,从原材料选择、施工配合比设计、试铺、拌和、摊铺、碾压等工序上详细介绍了水泥稳定碎石路面基层施工要点与方法。