The Demise of a Tropical Coastal Lagoon as Breeding Habitat for Ground-Nesting Waterbirds: Unintended,but Anticipated Consequences of Development

Laguna Cuyutlán (Colima, Mexico), an Important Bird Area, used to provide breeding habitat for ground-nesting waterbirds. During 2014 and 2015, nesting efforts of laughing gull, black skimmer, and royal, gull-billed and Forster's terns failed almost completely due to inundation, while least terns and snowy plovers fared the same during 2014. No anomalies in rainfall, tidal level, or coseismic subsidence explained such failure. Rather, the inundations were due to the enlarging of Canal Tepalcates that connects the lagoon with the sea, which was widened from 100 to 300 m and dredged to 17-m deep. Before this, the hydrodynamics were regulated by evaporation and runoff. Now, increased seawater volumes dominate the basin's hydrodynamics. The failure of Laguna Cuyutlán as a breeding habitat for these birds is an important threat for these species, as this lagoon held one of the < 20 colonies known for several of these species along the western coast of North and Central America. Documenting this demise of Laguna Cuyutlán for ground-nesting waterbirds transcends the regional scale as it emphasizes the little consideration still given to biodiversity vs. economic development, and is a warning for coastal projects in other developing areas of the world.     

锰冶炼男工肝功能的调查研究

为探讨锰对冶炼工人肝功能的影响，对某厂70名冶炼男工和24名对照男工的主观症状和血清总蛋白、白蛋白、谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、胆碱酯酶活性和麝香草酚浊度进行了调查，结果显示，作业环境空气中MnO2几何均数为0．65mg/m^3，两组工人的自觉症状主拆率未风显著性差异，上述肝功能指标的均值和异常率比较也无显著性差异。     

俄罗斯"雄鹰号”新一代高速电动车组(续完)

3 转向架、受电弓和车钩缓冲装置 列车转向架、新型受电弓和车钩缓冲装置的研制任务由全俄运输机器制造科学研究所承担.此项工作是根据俄罗斯"高速干线”公司和"红宝石”中央海军兵器设计局制定的技术任务书,在全俄铁路运输科学研究院、圣彼得堡国立交通大学、莫斯科铁路运输工程学院、全俄电气机车制造科学研究所等多家著名专业院所的共同参与下完成的. 澳大利亚将修建长150 km重载运煤铁路干线 澳大利亚铁路网将增添一条长150 km的干线用于行驶重载列车.该干线用于将昆士兰州苏拉特(Сурат)区域开采的煤炭运往塔容(Tarong)火力发电站.该线路不仅经过平原,而且要穿过大分水岭(坡度不大于20‰),计划开行总重为14 000 t的列车.为使轴重达32 t,预定在钢筋混凝土轨枕上铺设60 kg/m钢轨.漏斗车车体采用铝制,整列车将用6 000 Hp(4 412.99 kW)的内燃机车牵引.     

迫导向货车转向架与标准三大件转向架性能的比较

对2种车型的迫导向转向架进行了试验，并与同等条件下的标准三大件货车转向架进行了性能比较，结果是迫导向转向架可节省燃料、降低质量、提高装载能力。     

铁道车辆称重均衡试验台设计

介绍了新型铁道车辆称重均衡试验台的设计思路及结构组成。该试验台可实现铁道车辆多种车型的称重、均衡及柔性试验。     

车轮磨耗仿真中踏面更新策略研究

基于车辆系统动力学仿真和Braghin踏面磨耗模型计算车轮踏面上的磨耗深度分布,并采用小波滤波、滑动平均和傅里叶变换平滑3种方法对踏面磨耗深度曲线进行平滑。结果表明,小波滤波的平滑效果优于滑动平均和傅里叶变换平滑方法;更新磨耗深度越大,对磨耗行为和轮轨几何接触关系影响越大。因此,建议在最大磨耗深度达到0.1 mm时对仿真计算用的车轮型面进行更新。     

Deep foundation pit excavation procedure optimization considering creep deformation on nearby metro tunnelEI北大核心

Research purposes: The existing researches about excavating procedures of deep foundation pit on nearby metro tunnel in soft formation are lack of systematicness, and creep characteristics of soft clay are not usually taken into consideration. This paper takes Qianhaiwan station of Metro Line 11 in Shengzhen as engineering background and considers creep characteristics in sludge formation. The influence of step excavation in the transversal, longitudinal and vertical directions on the deformation of foundation pit and nearby subway tunnel are simulated, which may be expected to provide theoretical basis for choosing foundation pit excavation procedure of Qianhaiwan station. Research conclusions: (1) The segment far away from tunnel should be excavated firstly when only transversal step excavation was undertaken along the horizontal direction of foundation pit. (2) The maximum horizontal displacement of the piles show exponential relations with the number of segments when step excavation of foundation pit was undertaken in vertical and transversal or longitudinal. If thickness of every step excavation was limited in 1.5~2 m, the horizontal displacement of the pile near tunnel can be reduced about 9 percent when there is no horizontal step excavation. (3) Transversal step excavation with segments far from tunnel excavated firstly was found to be the best step excavation method under the same condition of step number and support, and longitudinal and transversal step excavation followed while longitudinal step excavation was the last. (4) The research results have guiding significance for foundation pit of Qianhaiwan station and similar projects.     

出口苏丹米轨平车研制

介绍了出口苏丹米轨平车的技术参数、结构特点和试制情况。     

货车焊接结构疲劳寿命预测研究

基于国际焊接学会标准和英国标准,结合有限元静强度结果和实测载荷谱,对某出口运煤车车体关键部位典型焊接接头形式进行了疲劳寿命对比分析。结果表明,合理选择焊接接头形式和焊接工艺可以成倍地提高结构的疲劳寿命。     

Rapid first-stage tests of on-ship infection

Protection against on-ship infectious disease—whether due to mishap or to harmful purpose—faces special situational problems. Sometimes, when infection levels on board have reached threshold levels, emergency actions are required. Often, the most thorough strategies for responding to threat are not feasible. A rapid first-stage test (RFT) is a fast, minimally invasive procedure used to rule out from possible infection a large percentage of an infection-threatened group. Prevention and control of on-ship infection need to combine various interconnected tactics. When timely criterion tests are not possible, the medical team must adopt fast alternative measures. The methods used to summarize protection against on-ship infectious agents included a scientific literature review and a web search. The fields of the review were maritime, health, and technology sources. Special attention was paid to material dealing with risks and threats of on-ship penetration by infectious agents, on-ship infection prevalence thresholds, and rapid diagnostic screens. The Bayes rule and the law of large numbers were applied to the analysis, for large on-ship populations, of RFT indications of crossing of an infection prevalence threshold. The increasing risk of serious on-ship infection—either accidental or purposeful—calls for a multi-layered protection approach. RFTs are a key part of the outer layer of such a defense. Well-designed and well-administered RFTs provide several advantages for defense against on-ship infection: low-cost, non-invasive, fast, and focuses on a drastically smaller number of infection possibilities.