天津海河综合开发工程桥梁建设梗概

主要介绍了天津市海河综合开发工程中的桥梁建设情况。按照总体规划要求,从满足功能、景观、区域历史文化需要,以崭新的设计理念进行桥梁设计,营造出现代化的城市氛围,弘扬海河文化,使海河成为独具特色的世界名河。     

开目CAPP在武船机制的应用

武昌造船厂机械制造分厂(简称武船机制)是武昌造船厂的下属核心企业,主要进行武船配套零部件的工艺设计与制造。在推进信息化建设过程中,采用了开目CAPP解决方案,取得了较好的效果。武船机制工艺信息化系统需求分析1.产品和工艺特点分析(1)产品的质量要求高,工期要求严格,对工艺设计质量和效率有很高的要求。(2)采用按订单生产的方式,进行独立的成本核算和控制。(3)需从总厂ERP系统中提取工程任务树,建立工艺设计与制造任务。设计完成的工艺数据也需按照ERP系统要求的格式进行统计并向ERP系统进行传递。(4)不同订单中的工艺专业种类繁…     

台北公共交通月及无车日活动回顾与展望

台北国际无车日自2002年起举办了5次,由最早的骑自行车活动扩大至包含“走路上学日”与“公共交通月”丰富多彩的系列活动,渐渐获得民众认同。无车日活动的目标是通过活动的倡导和社会参与来改变民众使用交通工具的行为,潜移默化的效应可促使形成可持续交通政策,当可持续交通政策与基础设施建设落实后又可具体改变交通环境,形成良性的循环机制。首先说明了“无车日”的由来,并回顾台北都会区过去5年来举行无车日系列活动的内容与经验,同时基于活动的发展与成果归纳出无车日活动的成功要素,最后提出未来活动将扩大举办的内容、方式与展望,以期能为其他城市作参考。     

细粒土路基平衡密度状态分析

为掌握细粒土路基的平衡密度状态及其变化原因,统计分析9条高速公路路床顶部的压实度和含水率检测资料,对3条黄泛区高速公路路基的压实度、含水率以及1条高速公路的路基模量进行全断面深度检测,并开展非饱和细粒土的湿化试验和弹性恢复试验。现场实测发现：在役路基除了实测含水率较最佳含水率有0~13.8%的增加外,相应的压实度出现了0~10%的线性衰减;其中,路床区、上路堤以及受水位波动影响较大的路基底部的压实度降低十分明显,而下路堤上部区域压实度基本维持不变甚至有所增大;路基压实度的变化与土的含水率密切相关。非饱和土三轴试验结果表明：土体湿化过程中,吸水导致体积膨胀和压实度衰减;当路床土吸湿至平衡湿度（含水率为18%）时,土体压实度降低5.07%。弹性恢复试验结果表明：压实路基土因变形恢复导致路基密度衰减;低含水率、高压实度和低上覆荷载条件下的弹性恢复较大,压实路床土弹性恢复导致的压实度降低值最大为0.5%;综合湿化和弹性恢复结果来看,两者占黄泛区路床区压实度衰减总量（约7%）的79.6%;此外,路基剪切模量的原位实测值较相同物理状态下的室内重塑土结果平均高出了60.64%,表明运营多年的高速公路路基土具有一定的结构性。因此,既有路基的评价应该同时考虑路基湿度增加、密度降低以及土体结构性等综合因素。     

Assessment of factors associated with travel time reliability and prediction: an empirical analysis using probabilistic reasoning approach

Significant efforts have been made in modeling a travel time distribution and establishing measures of travel time reliability (TTR). However, the literature on evaluating the factors affecting TTR is not well established. Accordingly, this paper presents an empirical analysis to determine potential factors that are associated with TTR. This study mainly applies the Bayesian Networks model to assess the probabilistic association between road geometry, traffic data, and TTR. The results from this model reveal that land use characteristics, intersection factors, and posted speed limits are directly associated with TTR. Evaluating the strength of the association between TTR and the directly related variables, the log odds ratio analysis indicates that the land use factor has the highest impact (0.83) followed by the intersection factor (0.57). The findings from this study can provide valuable resources to planners and traffic operators in their decision-making to improve TTR with quantitative evidence.     

Subjective well-being and travel: retrospect and prospect

Although the improvement of well-being is often an implicitly-assumed goal of many, if not most, public policies, the study of subjective well-being (SWB) and travel has so far been confined to a relatively small segment of the travel behavior community. Accordingly, one main purpose of this paper is to introduce a larger share of the community to some fundamental SWB-related concepts and their application in transportation research, with the goal of attracting others to this rewarding area of study. At the same time, however, I also hope to offer some useful reflections to those already working in this field. After discussing some basic issues of terminology and measurement of SWB, I present from the literature four conceptual models relating travel and subjective well-being. Following one of those models, I review five ways in which travel can influence well-being. I conclude by examining some challenges associated with assessing the impacts of travel on well-being, as well as challenges associated with applying what we learn to policy.

     

使用有限元分析以改善重载运输车轴

分析了北美铁路货运发生的车轴故障,介绍了使用有限元对F级和K级车轴进行应力分析计算,研究车轴尺寸变化对应力的影响,并提出了改善重载车轴设计的建议.     

ISS-based robust adaptive fuzzy algorithm for maintaining a ship's track

This paper focuses on the problem of linear track keeping for marine surface vessels. The influence exerted by sea currents on the kinematic equation of ships is considered first. The input-to-state stability(ISS) theory used to verify the system is input-to-state stable. Combining the Nussbaum gain with backstepping techniques,a robust adaptive fuzzy algorithm is presented by employing fuzzy systems as an approximator for unknown nonlinearities in the system. It is proved that the proposed algorithm that guarantees all signals in the closed-loop system are ultimately bounded. Consequently,a ship's linear track-keeping control can be implemented. Simulation results using Dalian Maritime University's ocean-going training ship 'YULONG' are presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.     

城市道路交通系统频谱分析方法及应用

对实际道路交通系统特征的研究是通过分析布设在路网中不同地点大量交通信息采集设备采集的数据来进行的。交通信息采集是对城市道路交通系统在时间和空闻上一个采样过程,其数据具有时问和空间属性．本文系统地建立了一种城市道路交通系统频谱分析方法。对于时间采样,通过功率谱分析认为：不同的数据采样间隔,获得的交通信息不同,从而分析出的...     

基于GIS/GPS的高速公路车辆追尾预警系统研究

分析了高速公路车辆追尾事故的原因,研究了车辆安全制动距离,综合驾驶员跟驰与车辆制动模型得到安全距离函数,提出一种基于GIS/GPS的高速公路车辆追尾预警系统框架,建立了车辆报警流程图。该系统有利于预防追尾事故,提高高速公路安全。