A logistics and supply chain management approach to port performance measurement

Although there is widespread recognition of the potential of ports as logistics centres, widely accepted performance measurements for such centres have yet to be developed. The essence of logistics and supply chain management is an integrative approach to the interaction of different processes and functions within a firm extended to a network of organizations for the purpose of cost reduction and customer satisfaction [1]. The logistics approach often adopts a cost trade-off analysis between functions, processes and even supply chains [2]. This approach could be beneficial to port efficiency by directing port strategy towards relevant value-added logistics activities. This paper seeks to show that through conceptualizing ports from a logistics and supply chain management approach, it is possible to suggest a relevant framework of port performance. A proposed framework is tested in a survey of port managers and other international experts.     

Travel time reliability: a review of late time valuations,elasticities and demand impacts in the passenger rail market in Great Britain

This paper provides an extensive review and reconciliation of British and European evidence relating to the value of, and demand responses to, rail reliability. In particular, we compare the elasticities implied by stated preference valuations of late time with directly estimated lateness elasticities. We find that the implied lateness elasticities are substantially greater than those directly estimated. A possible explanation for this is that lateness has been over-valued, but more sobering explanations would be to suggest that, whilst rail travellers dislike unreliability, they may be unwilling or unable to reduce their rail travel in response to experiences of poor performance, or else conventional economic approaches to deducing elasticities are not appropriate. The findings have been used to update the recommendations of the UK rail industry’s Passenger Demand Forecasting Handbook.     

The 50<Superscript>th</Superscript> anniversary of container shipping the Admiral Sheldon Kinney (USN) lectures

The paper offers a historical overview of the container revolution. It starts from the origin more than 50 years ago, presenting how the pioneer Malcom McLean came to this idea that has changed the nature of Shipping. It then presents how and why container shipping was gradually accepted and what has been the main trends during the last 50 years: the increase in vessels’ and containers’ size and in vessels’ speed. Finally, the paper investigates what the future will bring and notably sheds light on the increase in containers’ size and on the improvements in terminal and rail services.     

美国新泽西州马纳霍金海湾大桥的疲劳问题

美国新泽西州72号公路马纳霍金海湾大桥的上部结构由17跨连续及悬臂铆接钢板梁和横梁系统组成,其中包括5跨销钉一吊杆悬挂梁.由于桥梁的\"结构性能不足\",20世纪90年代初对大桥进行了系统的修复工作.修复实施过程中,在很多部位发现了疲劳裂纹和桥面板混凝土剥落,疲劳裂纹主要为出现在横梁腹板的水平裂纹、横梁与主梁间托板连接角钢...     

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虽然多数先进技术应用的目的是改善路网的运行效率和安全性,但目前为止其在提高道路安全性方面的作用并不突出. 例如,可以提供大容量、多方面信息的可变信息板,其设立之初的唯一目的是引导驾驶员的道路行驶. 事实上,这种信息传达装置在不发布路段行驶信息的情况下,还可以发布交通安全信息以改善交通安全状况. 本文选取两种禁止超速信息为研究对象,分析了该信息的发布对于驾驶员态度和路段行驶车速的影响. 对近100名驾驶员进行抽样调查. 测试路段为加拿大埃德蒙顿市和卡尔加里市间2号高速公路. 研究结果表明,本文所选取的两种禁止超速标识对驾驶员态度和行驶车速产生的影响相对较小.