某驱动桥气室失效问题的分析及改进

气室是驱动桥的重要组成部分,通过压缩空气和蓄能弹簧为制动器提供驱动力,从而实现整车的行车制动和驻车制动。如若气室发生故障,则会造成制动失效,影响整车的行驶安全。文章针对某驱动桥试验过程中出现的气室底部撕裂问题,通过运用机械振动、有限元分析等方法,对其失效模式进行剖析,通过改进方法,提升产品可靠性。     

Study on launch dynamics of the tank marching fire

As an army main battle equipment, it is required that the tank should have high firing accuracy and high first round hit probability during marching. The initial disturbance of the projectile is the premier factor that takes effect on the marching fire accuracy of the tank. And the marching fire accuracy of the tank depends on the launch dynamics behaviors of the tank. In this paper, the launch dynamics theory of a tank marching fire is studied, and its launch dynamics model is established. Based on the transfer matrix method for multibody system(MSTMM) and the automatic deduction theorem of overall transfer equations, the overall transfer equation and the overall transfer matrix of a tank multibody system are deduced; the launch dynamics equations of the tank marching fire are deduced, and the dynamic response of the tank system, the motion of projectile in barrel, the initial disturbance of the projectile and the vertical target dispersion are exactly simulated; meanwhile, the results of simulation are verified by tests. This work provides both theoretical foundation and simulation approaches for improving the marching fire accuracy of the tank.     

小儿细菌性脑膜炎脑脊液β_2－微球蛋白含量的动态观察

应用放射免疫法测定了２５例细菌性脑膜炎（ＢＭ）患儿脑脊液（ＣＳＦ）β２－微球蛋白的含量并进行动态观察。结果发现，ＣＳＦβ２－微球蛋白对ＢＭ的正确诊断、病情估计具有一定的临床意义；通过动态观察，可观察治疗效果，监测病情变化。     

Timing sequence changes of landscape plants in Shanghai Area,China

Based on published reports and direct observation, the common resources of landscape plant species in the Shanghai area were identified and studied in terms of the landscape characteristics of timing sequence changes over a one year time period. The results showed that there were 199 common landscape plant species in Shanghai, distributed in 67 families and 129 genera. These plants were categorized by three ornamental characteristics: flowers, foliage and fruits. The species were thus further analyzed according to the time periods which these characteristics were present. The results showed that flower ornamental distributed throughout the year, particularly from April to June, and plant species with colorful foliage could be seen every month, and particularly in November and December. On the other hand, few plant species with fruit ornamentals were observed in Shanghai area. The diversity of landscape timing sequence changes of the 199 plant species under examination was then analyzed by using the Shannon-Weiner and Simpson index formulas. The results showed that the higher diversity was observed in January, February and from August to October, while the lowest diversity was recorded from March to July and during November and December. The diversity of landscape characteristics of these plants was ranked according to foliage, flowers and fruit. Using this method, one park and one plant community were selected to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of their time-changing plant landscape, with the goal of assessing the validity of the chosen ranking method. These results in the present study would be helpful to evaluate the plant landscape in a specified space and further enrich the diversity of plant and landscape by a target-oriented way.     

基于模糊综合评价模型的轨道交通安全性评价

为保障轨道交通的安全运行,需要对轨道交通进行安全性评价．针对影响轨道交通安全的各种因素,采用定性与定量相结合的方法,从运营管理、设施设备、从业人员及外部条件等4个方面,建立了层次结构的评价指标;根据层次分析法,确定了各项评价指标的权重;用模糊数学方法,建立了轨道交通安全性评价的二级模糊综合评价模型;对轨道交通的安全性,进行了综合评价．以对南京市地铁系统为实例进行分析,说明了模糊综合评价模型的适用性和合理性．     

孔结构对水泥混凝土性能的影响研究

介绍水泥混凝土中孔结构的分析测试方法,着重分析孔结构对水泥混凝土的力学性能、低温性能、抗渗性能的影响,探讨孔结构对混凝土的作用机理,提出了改善水泥混凝土孔结构的措施,并对今后的研究重点给出了建议。     

某公路隧道对地下水环境的影响评价与对策

结合山西和顺至榆社高速公路的环境影响评价工作,通过对云山隧道地下水环境现状的调查,论述了隧道建设可能对区域地下水环境造成的影响,并提出了相应的对策和建议。     

新型沥青添加剂TPS的性能

为了了解新型添加剂TPS的路用性能,进行了不同TPS掺量的沥青胶结料的针入度试验、软化点试验、稠度试验、延度及测力延度试验、弹性恢复试验及弯曲蠕变试验、直接拉伸试验,对加入TPS添加剂后的沥青混合料,进行了车辙试验、弯曲破坏试验、疲劳试验和冻融劈裂试验,并与SBS改性沥青混合料的部分试验结果进行了对比。结果表明添加TPS后,沥青胶结料的感温性、高温性与低温性及沥青混合料的高温稳定性、低温抗裂性、抗疲劳性和水稳定性都得到了较大程度的提高,添加TPS沥青混凝土具有良好的路用性能。     

Numerical modeling of ground response during diaphragm wall construction

Construction of diaphragm wall panels may cause considerable stress changes in heavily overconsolidated soil deposits and can induce substantial ground movement. The 3D Lagrangian method was adopted to model the mechanical response of ground, including horizontal normal stress and shear stress, lateral ground displacement and vertical ground surface settlement, during the slurry trenching and concreting of diaphragm wall panels. Numerical results show that slurry trenching leads to horizontal stress relief of ground, reducing the horizontal stress of the ground from initial K0 pressure to hydrostatic betonite pressure. Wet concrete pressure lies between the hydrostatic bentonite pressure and the initial K0 pressure, so it can compensate partially the horizontal stress loss of the ground adjacent to the trench and thus reduce the lateral movement of the trench face as well as the vertical settlement of the ground surface.     

黄土地基的冲击压实研究

结合黄土的特性,选择预建高速公路的典型黄土,通过室内试验方法确定黄土的物理指标。通过黄土击实试验确定了该试样的最佳含水量为14.3%,与之相应的最大干密度为1.918 g/cm3。最后选择冲击式压路机在试压路段进行碾压,通过试验数据可知,在冲击压实达到40遍时,地面层20 cm的黄土的压实度能达到97.8%,黄土地基的总沉降量达到25.12 cm,且沉降趋于稳定。