Collection, spillback, and dissipation in pedestrian evacuation: A network-based method

We present a method of predicting pedestrian route choice behavior and physical congestion during the evacuation of indoor areas with internal obstacles. Under the proposed method, a network is first constructed by discretizing the space into regular hexagonal cells and giving these cells potentials before a modified cell transmission model is employed to predict the evolution of pedestrian flow in the network over time and space. Several properties of this cell transmission model are explored. The method can be used to predict the evolution of pedestrian flow over time and space in indoor areas with internal obstacles and to investigate the collection, spillback, and dissipation behavior of pedestrians passing through a bottleneck. The cell transmission model is further extended to imitate the movements of multiple flows of pedestrians with different destinations. An algorithm based on generalized cell potential is also developed to assign the pedestrian flow.     

一种驾驶员是否真正佩戴安全带自动取证系统

针对目前驾驶员是否系安全带的检测及报警装置仅仅只在本车内起报警作用,以及驾驶员虚佩戴安全带等问题,提出一种驾驶员是否真正佩戴安全带自动取证系统。该自动取证系统通过mRF2401单芯片无线发射模块采集车辆自身安全带报警装置中驾驶员安全带佩戴信息和车辆车牌号信息,并将此信息发射出去,无线接收装置nRF2401固定安装在铺设有交通专用网络的路段,并通过串口设备联网服务器将接收到的信息上传至交通专用网络,通过上位机,从而记录下未系安全带的驾驶员所在车辆车牌号信息。     

Design and evaluation of an integrated inventory and transportation system

This paper proposes the adoption of an integrated inventory and transportation system (IITS) to minimize the total costs of inventory and transportation. A non-linear programing is developed by analyzing transportation and inventory costs with one supplier and many retailers in the distribution environment. The paper compares the proposed model with the traditional approach in computing total costs with numerical data. The results indicate that the total costs can be optimized by adopting integrated programing rather than the traditional approach, along with achieving improved customer service levels. In particular, sensitivity analysis is applied to determine the performance of the IITS under various transportation costs, holding costs and shortage costs. It shows that the transportation cost per unit is most sensitive in the proposed model. In this situation, the IITS is more effective for cost saving when set-up cost, holding and shortage costs are high, but is less effective for situations involving high per-unit transportation costs.     

连续梁桥不同合龙方案对施工控制的影响

以某连续梁桥施工控制为例，分析了不同合龙方案对桥梁的累计位移和受力的影响，特别是对施工控制中的预拱度设置的影响，提出了合理的合龙方案及施工注意事项。     

燃油式红外线辐射加热技术在预热机上的应用

介绍了国内外沥青路面就地热再生加热技术的现状,提出了一种新型的燃油式红外线辐射加热技术。利用经验设计的方法,研发出了燃油式红外线辐射加热装置,采用系统分析法,对该装置的结构、功能及其工作流程进行了详细论述,并结合施工应用,验证了该加热技术的可行性,对关键控制技术进行研究,提出了利用PLC控制技术的改进方法。     

沥青路面坑槽修补的开槽方式分析

采用弹性力学平面应力求解的方法,分析坑槽应力状态分布。通过对沥青路面维修中不同开槽形状应力集中系数的对比分析,得出坑槽修补较好的开槽形状,且还对斜开槽和垂直开槽进行了对比分析。     

Multi-objective optimization of quarter-car models with a passive or semi-active suspension system

A systematic methodology is applied in an effort to select optimum values for the suspension damping and stiffness parameters of two degrees of freedom quarter-car models, subjected to road excitation. First, models involving passive suspension dampers with constant or dual rate characteristics are considered. In addition, models with semi-active suspensions are also examined. Moreover, special emphasis is put in modeling possible temporary separations of the wheel from the ground. For all these models, appropriate methodologies are employed for capturing the motions of the vehicle resulting from passing with a constant horizontal speed over roads involving an isolated or a distributed geometric irregularity. The optimization process is based on three suitable performance criteria, related to ride comfort, suspension travel and road holding of the vehicle and yielding the most important suspension stiffness and damping parameters. As these criteria are conflicting, a suitable multi-objective optimization methodology is set up and applied. As a result, a series of diagrams with typical numerical results are presented and compared in both the corresponding objective spaces (in the form of classical Pareto fronts) and parameter spaces.     

Nonlinear three-dimensional wagon-track model for the investigation of rail corrugation initiation on curved track

A nonlinear wagon-track model on curved track has been developed to characterize rail corrugation formation due to self-excitation of the wheel-rail stick-slip process. In this model, wagon movements were described using up to 78 degrees of freedom (DOFs) to model a three-piece freight bogie. Innovatively, the wheelset movements are described using nine DOFs, including torsional and bending modes about the longitudinal and vertical directions. The track modelling is considered as a one-layer structure (two rail beams on discrete spring and damper elements). The wheel sliding after creepage saturation is considered in the wheel-rail interface modelling. Simulation of a case study shows that the frequencies of the wheel stick-slip process are composed of the basic frequency, which might come from the combined effect of sleeper-passing frequency and one-third of the combined torsional and bending frequency of the wheelset, and the double and triple basic frequencies, which form the wavelengths of rail corrugation at different situations.