百年世博构筑人类文明阶梯

参加国家和组织最多：报名参加上海世博会的国家和国际组织已有240多个，为历届世博会之最。     

Improving pollutant emissions in diesel engines for heavy-duty transportation using retarded intake valve closing strategies

A combined theoretical and experimental study has been carried out to determine the real potential of reducing pollutant emissions in a HD diesel engine by means of retarding the intake valve closing. The effects produced by this alteration of the basic operation cycle have been examined by a preliminary modelling study, and from the obtained results, a modified camshaft was manufactured with a delayed intake valve closing of 60 crank angle degrees. Single-cylinder engine tests were carried out with this modified camshaft, and the emissions and fuel consumption were recorded. The results showed that the retarded intake valve closing can enhance the premixed combustion phase, and thus simultaneously reduce soot and NOx emissions. Moreover, the combustion process attained is extremely tolerant to exhaust gas recirculation, and by adoption of this measure, Euro-5 emissions limits can be achieved at the tested conditions without after-treatment.     

Trip distribution for limited destinations: a case study for grocery shopping trips in the Netherlands

In this paper, we introduce a new trip distribution model for destinations that are not homogeneously distributed. The model is a gravity model in which the spatial configuration of destinations is incorporated in the modeling process. The performance was tested on a survey with reported grocery shopping trips in the Dutch city of Almelo. The results show that the new model outperforms the traditional gravity model. It is also superior to the intervening opportunities model, because the distribution can be described as a function of travel costs, without increasing the computational time. In this study, the distribution was described by a simple function of Euclidean distance, which provides a good fit to the survey data. The slope of the distribution is quite steep. This shows that most trips are made to nearby supermarkets. However, a significant fraction of trips, mainly made by car, still goes to supermarkets further away. We argue that modeling of these trips by the new method will improve traffic flow predictions.     

关于工程管理信息系统应用升级的思考

总结武进区公路管理处使用的工程管理信息化系统在6年的使用过程中所收集的相关问题并结合相关规范,同时利用最新的计算机技术,本着对工程项目管理更规范、更效率、更易于管理的原则,结合目前信息管理系统自身的应用情况,对该系统功能的升级、效率的提升等一些问题引发的思考,为完善信息管理系统的功能提供参考。     

集中冷站在地铁中的应用

根据广州地铁4号线集中冷站监控系统的应用,探讨了在集中供冷方式中从供冷侧到用户侧的控制策略,并涉及到冷水机组的群控策略、变频二次泵的频率控制、变频二次泵的台数控制、末端二通阀的开度控制等。集中冷站可实现地铁供冷系统的节能降耗以及优化控制。     

Spatial fisheries ecology: Recent progress and future prospects

We review recent progresses made in the study of fish distribution and survival over space — i.e., fisheries spatial ecology. This is achieved by first surveying the most common statistical approaches and relative challenges associated with the analysis of fisheries spatial data, loosely grouped in geostatistical and regression approaches. Then we review a selected number of case-studies implementing the discussed techniques. We conclude by proposing new areas of statistical and ecological research to further our understanding of how fish distribute and survive in space. This review serves a dual purpose by emphasizing the scientific importance of studying spatial interactions to better understand the temporal dynamics of fish abundance, and by promoting the development of new analytical and ecological approaches for the analysis of spatial data. Through our survey we cover different statistical techniques, marine ecosystems and life stages. This analytical, geographic and ontogenetic variety is also purposely selected to highlight the importance of comparative and multidisciplinary studies across diverging ecological disciplines, ecosystems and life stages. Besides having a general ecological relevance this review also bears a more applied significance, owing to the increasing need for protecting renewable marine resources along with their primary habitat.     

既有线提速改造线路纵断面主要技术研究

线路纵断面是既有线提速改造的重要因素,是体现提速改造技术水平的核心指标。但线路纵断面改造受铁路等级、提速目标值、既有线路状况、工程投资等综合因素的影响。既有线提速改造工程中,如果既有线纵断面不是限定提速的因素时,应基本维持既有纵断面不动或尽量少动;对于限制坡度和坡度减缓的改造应结合改建工程量、限速点集中情况、投资等综合分析确定超限坡度保留或改建;竖曲线半径及坡段长度是列车舒适度和安全的重要因素,改造中应按较高标准进行配置。     

钢筋螺纹连接在桥梁施工中的应用

本文结合工程实例,比较全面地阐述了钢筋螺纹连接的施工方法及其优越性.     

高职学生社会公德意识调查与分析

本文通过对高职学生社会公德意识现状的调查及数据分析,提出了优化高职学生公德意识的途径.     

Torque characteristics analysis for optimal design of a copper-layered eddy current brake system

An enhanced parametric model for a copper-layered eddy current electric machine (retarder) is introduced in this paper. The modeled torque characteristics of the copper-layered electromagnetic retarders are based on the results from a detailed electromagnetic finite element analysis (FEA) of these eddy current machines. The model uses a parameterized double-exponential function to model the steady state speed-torque characteristics of the retarder. The parameters are adjusted for optimal braking performance in conjunction with predicted speed-torque characteristics of a copper-layered retarder. A full vehicle model, along with the proposed retarder speed-torque model has been used to simulate a series braking events. The simulation results show that the peaks of the retarder speed-torque curves must be designed to occur within a specific range of speeds for optimal braking performance.