Fault detection method for electric parking brake (EPB) systems with sensorless estimation using current ripples

A fault detection method with parity equations is proposed in this paper. Due to its low cost implementation, the velocity of the motor is not measurable in electric parking brake (EPB) systems. Therefore, residuals are not reliable when estimating the motor velocity with a low-resolution encoder. In this paper, we propose a fault detection method with sensorless estimation using current ripples that estimates the position and velocity of the motor by detecting periodical oscillations of the armature current caused by rotor slots. In addition, this method can estimate the position and velocity of the motor with less computational effort than a state observer. Moreover, the method is less sensitive to motor parameters than model-based estimation methods. The effectiveness of this method is validated with experimental data, and the simulation results show that various faults have their own residual patterns. Therefore, we can detect the presence of faults by monitoring the residual signals.     

Development of a new sound metric for impact sound in a passenger car using the wavelet transform

Vehicles can experience impacts due to harsh road conditions. Contact with an uneven road surface causes vehicles to vibrate, which generates a loud impact sound. The attenuation of such noise is important because car passengers may complain about the impact noise. However, perfect removal of impact noise is not possible because most of it is caused by external conditions. More research is needed on the objective attributes of impact noise; however, the problem of impact noise is not a simple matter because impact noise is transient in nature and reaches a high level instantaneously. In this paper, a new objective attribute of impact noise is designed using the wavelet transform, which is appropriate for analyzing nonstationary signals, such as an impact signal. The usefulness of the new objective attribute, which is a sound metric, is examined by comparing the mean subjective ratings for real impact noise in passenger cars. The new sound metric has better correlation with the mean subjective rating than currently existing sound metrics.     

Design and optimization of an LPG roller vane pump for suppressing cavitation

A roller vane type liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) pump was developed for a liquid phase LPG injection (LPLi) engine. Most of the LPG pumps used in the current LPLi engines are installed inside of the LPG tank, but this pump is intended to be installed outside of the LPG tank to overcome the difficulty of fixing an in-tank pump. Because LPG has a low boiling point and high vapor pressure, it usually causes cavitation in the pump and consequently deteriorates the flow rate of the pump. The purpose of this work is to optimize the design of the roller vane pump in order to suppress cavitation and increase the fuel flow rate by using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis. In order to achieve these goals, the intake port configuration and the rotor of the roller vane pump were redesigned and simulated using STAR-CD code. Computation was performed for six different models to obtain the optimized design of the roller vane pump at a constant speed of 2600 rpm and a constant pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of 5 bar. The computation results show that an increased intake port cross-section area can suppress cavitation, and the pump can achieve a higher flow rate when the rotor configuration is changed to increase its chamber volume. When the inlet pressure difference is 0.1 bar higher than the fluid saturation pressure, the pump reaches its maximum flow rate.     

混合动力重型商用汽车驱动系统设计

首先介绍了混合动力汽车的基本概念及核心驱动系的构造。通过对比分析国外Volvo-FE混合动力商用汽车结构,对我公司某款车型进行了并联式混合动力驱动系统结构方案设计、驱动策略设计及主要动力总成部件参数的确定。     

SX2190驱动前桥疲劳寿命的改进提高

对SX2190驱动前桥进行了系列疲劳寿命试验,探讨了焊缝、凸缘和螺栓对前桥疲劳寿命的影响,试验表明:凸缘和螺栓的结构、焊接质量及抛丸强化对前桥疲劳寿命有较大影响,通过对凸缘结构改进以及销子孔上移降低螺栓拉伸应力,并采取桥壳整体抛丸强化等措施显著提高桥壳的疲劳寿命。     

一种基于整数小波变换的彩色图像盲水印技术

提出了一种在静止的彩色图像中嵌入盲水印的鲁棒算法,用彩色图像作为数字水印的载体,将有意义的二值图像作为水印图像,利用人类视觉系统(HVS)特性,综合考虑水印的鲁棒性和不可见性,将水印信息嵌入到小波分解的低频域(LLn),通过理论分析和实验结果证明:算法满足水印的抗JPEG压缩攻击、复杂度较低、实用性较强、对原图的影响较小,具有可行性和有效性等特点。     

高流态粉煤灰混合料路基三背回填有限元分析

利用ANSYS10.0通用有限元软件,建立了模拟遵义至毕节高速公路高流态粉煤灰混合料回填路基三背回填体的有限元模型,利用有限元的方法对流态粉煤灰回填体的力学响应进行分析。分析了高流态粉煤灰三背回填体在行车荷载、自重等作用下的变形特性,预估沉降量,并分析计算了流态粉煤灰对工程构造物的作用,为高流态粉煤灰三背回填的设计、施工起到了指导作用。     

大跨径斜拉桥塔墩梁固结处空间受力分析

安徽五河淮河桥大桥为混合梁斜拉桥,跨径布置为(246+125)m,为独塔双索面塔墩梁固结体系.利用Midas/Civil建立空间杆系模型进行整体静力分析,确定塔墩梁部位四种最不利荷载工况,得到其活载影响线加载位置和荷载大小.再利用大型通用有限元软件ANSYS建立塔墩梁固结处三维实体模型进行受力分析,为设计与施工提供科学理论依据.     

Survey on arteriovenous fistula in maintenance hemodialysis patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy

This paper summed up the characteristics of native arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) in maintenance hemodialysis patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy (DN) in Chinese hemodialysis centers. A survey was conducted on AVF in maintenance hemodialysis patients with type 2 DN. A total of 224 cases of maintenance hemodialysis patients were included in this study, among which, 65 cases in DN group, 33 cases in diabetes mellitus (DM) group and 126 cases in non-diabetic control (C) group. Hemoglobin, albumin, blood urea nitrogen, parathyroid hormone and calcium-phosphate product of the three groups of patients were not significantly different. Glycated hemoglobin A1c of DN group and DM group was not significant different. AVF life of (28.7 ± 10.0) months in DN group was significantly shorter than that of (36.5 ± 19.4) months in C group (statistic probability P <0.01), and AVF life of (32.5 ± 10.1) months in DM group (P <0.05) was also shorter than that in C group, while there was no significant difference in AVF life between DN group and DM group. Proportion of upper arm fistula in DN patients (11/65) was significantly higher than that in C group (6/123, P < 0.01). Life of AVF in patients with DN was relatively short, with more times of angioplasty and greater possibility of selecting upper arm internal fistula.     

地电流的建模仿真分析

对动车等相对独立系统地电流的干扰机理及形成机理进行理论分析;应用基于有限元方法的计算机电磁场仿真软件时通过传导耦合、电场耦合和磁场耦合而形成的地电流进行建模和仿真分析,得到各种形式下地电流的分布规律;提出抑制地电流的相应措施.