梁桥横向稳定验算中倾覆轴的选取

基于目前工程中采用倾覆稳定系数对梁桥横向稳定进行验算的方法,讨论了不同支座布置形式、不同曲率半径条件下结构倾覆轴的选取。理论推导和有限元计算结果表明:联端外侧两支座连线外无支座的直线梁桥和大曲率半径的曲线梁桥,倾覆轴应选取该连线;联端外侧两支座连线外有支座的曲线梁桥,倾覆轴应选取跨中位置相邻两跨外侧支座的连线。     

飞燕式拱桥结构静动力特性分析

飞燕式拱桥具有跨越能力大、承载能力高、自平衡推力而地基适应能力强、造型优美的优点。以一座新建三跨连续自锚飞燕式提篮钢管混凝土拱桥为工程背景,通过有限元分析软件Midas Civil建立该大桥的空间杆系有限元模型,对该拱桥的空间受力特点进行分析,评定其结构静力、动力特性和施工过程以及成桥后的稳定性能。计算结果与分析表明,主拱肋及边跨各截面的抗力均大于组合轴力,同时各个主要施工阶段结构稳定安全系数均大于4。因此,该拱桥结构静动力性能优良,满足设计规范要求。     

大跨径斜拉桥塔墩梁固结处空间受力分析

安徽五河淮河桥大桥为混合梁斜拉桥,跨径布置为(246+125)m,为独塔双索面塔墩梁固结体系.利用Midas/Civil建立空间杆系模型进行整体静力分析,确定塔墩梁部位四种最不利荷载工况,得到其活载影响线加载位置和荷载大小.再利用大型通用有限元软件ANSYS建立塔墩梁固结处三维实体模型进行受力分析,为设计与施工提供科学理论依据.     

Time Gap Modeling under Mixed Traffic Condition: A Statistical Analysis

This paper attempts to model vehicular time gap, which is defined as the time interval between any two successive arrivals of vehicles at a reference point of measurement on a road segment. Such an approach is justified under the non-lane-based heterogeneous traffic conditions prevailing in developing countries such as India, characterized by many “zero” time gaps due to simultaneous arrivals within a given road width. In addition, time gap data are characterized by a significant amount of data in the tail region due to long headways. Nevertheless, many researchers of time gap modeling have used light-tailed distributions that modeled time gaps satisfactorily due to two reasons: (a) The tail data was merged into a single bin; and (b) goodness-of-fit tests such as the Chi-square test, which has many limitations, were used. Further, some researchers have suggested different distributions for the same range of traffic flows, leading to ambiguity in distribution selection. In addition, bin size, which dictates the degree of fit of any distribution, has been ascribed very less importance in time gap modeling. Hence, this paper tries to consolidate and standardize the existing research in time gap modeling research by addressing all these issues. Two new distributions, namely Generalized Pareto (GP) and Generalized Extreme Value (GEV) with better tail modeling properties, have been proposed along with other conventional distribution to model vehicular time gaps over a wide range of flow from 550 vph to 4,100 vph. Two types of goodness-of-fit tests, namely Area-based and Distance-based tests, have been used. It has been found from the study that GP distribution fits the time gap data well (overall and tails) up to a flow range of 1,500 vph based on both kinds of tests, and GEV fits the data well for the flow levels above 1,500 vph based on the area test only.     

信号控制交叉口左转非机动车过街模式适用性

为分析信号控制交叉口两种左转非机动车过街模式（机动车和非机动车一体化模式以及行人和非机动车一体化模式）的适用条件,在动态交通条件下,定量分析两种模式对典型两相位和四相位信号控制交叉口通行效率和安全性的单独与综合影响。在通行效率方面,选取机动车通行能力作为评价指标;在安全性方面,引入一个可比选交通设计方案的指标——交通当量冲突。通过理论与实例分析,从通行效率和安全性两方面给出了两种模式的适用性。结果表明：两种模式在上述方面均有单独优势;两相位信号控制交叉口,在相应的左转非机动车和机动车交通量条件下两种模式均能同时提高交叉口通行效率和安全性;四相位信号控制交叉口,两种模式均不能同时起到积极作用。     

Survey on arteriovenous fistula in maintenance hemodialysis patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy

This paper summed up the characteristics of native arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) in maintenance hemodialysis patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy (DN) in Chinese hemodialysis centers. A survey was conducted on AVF in maintenance hemodialysis patients with type 2 DN. A total of 224 cases of maintenance hemodialysis patients were included in this study, among which, 65 cases in DN group, 33 cases in diabetes mellitus (DM) group and 126 cases in non-diabetic control (C) group. Hemoglobin, albumin, blood urea nitrogen, parathyroid hormone and calcium-phosphate product of the three groups of patients were not significantly different. Glycated hemoglobin A1c of DN group and DM group was not significant different. AVF life of (28.7 ± 10.0) months in DN group was significantly shorter than that of (36.5 ± 19.4) months in C group (statistic probability P <0.01), and AVF life of (32.5 ± 10.1) months in DM group (P <0.05) was also shorter than that in C group, while there was no significant difference in AVF life between DN group and DM group. Proportion of upper arm fistula in DN patients (11/65) was significantly higher than that in C group (6/123, P < 0.01). Life of AVF in patients with DN was relatively short, with more times of angioplasty and greater possibility of selecting upper arm internal fistula.     

船用柴油机相继增压蝶阀切换延迟仿真研究

采用合理的蝶阀切换延迟时间,可有效地防止相继增压柴油机在切换过程中出现喘振现象,保证切换过程的平稳过渡.基于有限容积法,建立了TBD234V12船用柴油机采用2台增压器相继增压的计算模型.通过仿真计算.分析了蝶阀切换延迟时间对柴油机运行状况的影响,并选定了适合该机的切换延迟时间,为相继增压系统的控制设计提供了理论依据.     

公交客流预测的神经网络模型

通过分析神经网络的作用机理和公交年客流量的影响冈素,以城市人口、居民收入、生产总值等9个因素作为输入神经元,输出神经元为每年的公交客流量,建立了公交客流预测的径向基神经网络模型(RBF)和BP神经网络模型,以合肥市公交量的调查数据为例,对网络进行学习与训练仿真实验,结果表明所建模型具有较高的预测精度,效果较好.     

平飞模式双站SAR运动补偿研究

机载双站SAR收、发分置,收、发平台产生的运动误差是独立的,增加了双站SAR运动补偿技术的复杂性.文中建立了平飞模式的双站SAR运动误差模型,在双站模型等效到单站的基础上,对双站SAR运动补偿方法进行了研究,基于模型等效的思路提出了基于回波数据运动补偿的方案.并讨论了PGA自聚焦算法的可行性,给出了相应的计算机仿真.     

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针对台风、飓风等可预报自然灾害,在其登陆城市之前一定的安全时限内,大规模区域路网疏散的交通管理问题进行了研究。基于最优化理论与微观交通仿真相结合的方法,构造了面向区域疏散交通管理的双层建模框架。上层模型（最优化层）以修正元胞传输理论为基础,构建了适用于大规模路网疏散的交通管理方案优化模型,其输出的疏散交通管理策略备选集合,输入到下层模型（微观交通仿真模型）中,从而在微观层面考察驾驶员行为反应等上层模型难以捕捉的疏散特性,进而制定最优的疏散交通管理方案。案例分析的结果表明,该框架兼具最优化方法与微观交通仿真方法的双重优点,能够较好地服务于区域疏散交通规划与具体的区域疏散交通管理实践。