Tests on ultimate strength of hull box girders made of high tensile steel

The experimental results of the collapse of three box girders subjected to pure bending moment are presented. The structures are made of high tensile steel of 690 MPa of nominal yield stress reinforced with bar stiffeners of the same material. The moment curvature curves are presented covering the pre- and post-collapse regions. The modes of collapse for each box girder are discussed considering the variation on the panel's slenderness. The concept of efficiency of high tensile steel structures is introduced. The concept is very useful to identify the governing parameters affecting the ultimate strength of 3D structures under predominant bending moment.     

地铁车站深基坑降水施工实践

北京地铁10号线角门西站明挖基坑深达30m,主体结构内有2层潜水,地质为砂卵石,透水性很好,每天涌水量达100000m3,施工降水难度很大。文章结合该工程降水施工实践,对工程地质和水文情况进行分析,提出降排水方案及配套的措施。并对方案执行情况及对实施过程中遇到的一些问题加以分析,制定解决方案,以期与同行探讨,供类似工程借鉴。     

混合H2/H∞励磁控制器在船舶同步发电机组并联中的应用

为了提高船舶电站同步发电机励磁系统的鲁棒稳定性和鲁棒性能,提高并联运行的发电机组的无功分配性能,将混合 H2/H∞控制理论和线性矩阵不等式(LMD方法应用于同步发电机励磁控制系统的设计,将同步发电机励磁系统的性能要求转化为标准混合 H2/H∞控制问题.计算机仿真结果表明,利用线性矩阵不等式(LMD方法所设计的混合 H2/H∞励磁控制器能在考虑模型不确定性的情况下,有效地提高了系统的鲁棒稳定性和鲁棒性能,改善了船舶电力系统的调压的性能.     

Socio-demographic and built environment influences on the odds of being overweight or obese: The Atlanta experience

This paper explores the association of socio-demographic and built environment characteristics on the odds of being overweight and obese using data from the Atlanta SMARTRAQ travel survey. A new methodological framework based on a multinomial logit (MNL) model and an enhanced odds ratio plot is presented. The use of an MNL model overcomes limitations of many prior studies that employ a sequence of binary logit models to examine multiple weight categories. The use of an enhanced odds ratio plot provides important information into the relative importance of socio-demographic and built environment characteristics. Several new findings for the Atlanta area result from this study. Socio-demographic variables, including age and educational attainment, exhibit a non-linear relationship with the odds of being overweight or obese. Gender, age, ethnicity, and educational attainment are strongly associated with the odds of being overweight or obese, while income and number of students between 5 and 16 years old in the household have smaller effects. Built environment characteristics such as increased net residential densities and enhanced street connectivity are associated with reductions in the odds of being overweight and/or obese. Relative to socio-demographic variables, however, such built environment characteristics have a much smaller impact on describing the odds of being overweight or obese.     

Net tax incidence for urban public transit subsidies in New Zealand

This paper examines the impact of policy changes in the funding of New Zealand public transit modes.These changes, introduced in 1983, are evaluated in terms of the net incidence of public transit subsidy assistance, taking into account its source of funding and the income class of those commuters benefiting from the subsidy. The general conclusion is that the net incidence of subsidy assistance remains progressive (i.e., a transfer from high to low income commuters) following the introduction of shared funding on the predominant public transit modes (rail and bus), sourced from income tax (central government) and property tax (regional/local government). However, because of the predominance of medium to high income commuters on rail vis-a-vis bus and the traditional source of funding on these modes in terms of income tax (a progressive tax source) and property tax (a regressive tax source), the degree of progressivity previously associated with public transit subsidies has now substantially reduced.The analysis and opinions expressed in this paper are the responsibility of the author alone and do not purport to represent the views of the Ministry of Transport.     

Cost-time Minimization in a Transportation Problem with Fuzzy Parameters: A Case Study

In real world applications the supply, the demand and the transportation cost per unit of the quantities in a transportation problem are hardly specified precisely because of the changing economic and environmental conditions. It is also important that the time required for transportation should be minimum. In this paper a method has been proposed for the minimization of transportation cost as well as time of transportation when the demand, supply and transportation cost per unit of the quantities are fuzzy. The problem is modeled as multi objective linear programming problem with imprecise parameters. Fuzzy parametric programming has been used to handle impreciseness and the resulting multi objective problem has been solved by prioritized goal programming approach. A case study has been made using the proposed approach.     

Development of models for predicting roadside nitrogen dioxide concentrations and their evaluation against datasets measured in Dublin,Ireland

Different methods for predicting levels of roadside NO₂ from NO_x concentrations have been proposed. Prior work suggests that either a linear or a logarithmic relationship exists among the roadside NO₂ and NO_x concentrations. We modify and compare those methods with new formulations based on the principles of the original methods for datasets pertaining to Dublin. A new relationship based on the power law is developed to better model the decay of the ratio of (NO₂/NO_x)_road ratio with increasing NO_x concentration. These formulations are compared and examined at two study sites: at an intermittently congested urban street canyon and a free-flowing motorway.